Uhlalutyo oluphambili yinkqubo yokuqokelela ukubonelela kunye nokufuna idatha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba imarike ayikho, i-equilibrium okanye ingaphezulu. Uhlalutyo oluphambili luyimfuneko ebalulekileyo xa kufikelele ekuboniseni izikhokelo zamanani kwiimarike zemveliso . Kule marike, imveliso ihlala yindawo yangaphakathi ngelixa ukusetyenziswa kuyabonakala. Ezinye iinkonzo kunye nokufuna idatha kudlula abanye. Umgangatho wolwazi udla ngokuxhomekeka kumthombo, nangona kunjalo; zombini ukubonelela kunye nokufunwa kwamanqaku akude afikeleleke kwizizathu ezahlukeneyo.
Icandelo leNcediso
Ngokubanzi, kulula ukufumana isibambiso kwizinto zokuthengwa kwempahla, kuba ukuveliswa kwempahla kuxhomekeke kwiimeko zendawo. I-Chile inezona zininzi zokugcina ubhedu kwihlabathi ngenxa ye-geology yayo. Ngako oko, olu hlanga luyi-producer enkulu yezobhedu. I-United States inomhlaba ocebileyo kunye neemeko ezifanelekileyo zemozulu zokukhupha iinkozo kunye nesoya . I-US umvelisi omnye womhlaba kunye nomthengisi wezi ngqolowa. Iimbotyi zeCocoa zimele zikhule kwiimeko zemozulu ezitshisa, ezenza i-Ivory Coast ne-Ghana zizwe zibalulekileyo kwi-cocoa-phakathi kobabini zivelisa ngaphezu kwe-60% ye-cocoa yehlabathi. Izibonelelo ze- Nickel eSiberia, iRashiya yenza uhlanga lube ngumlimi omkhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Kukho eminye imizekelo yamanye amazwe alawula ukuveliswa kwempahla. Ngoko ke, xa kuqulunqwa idatha kwi-commodity supply, ulwazi lolwazi lwemveliso evela kwiintlanga ezinkulu ezivelisayo luyisisombululo esibalulekileyo ekuhloleni iimveliso kunye nokubonelela.
Ukongezelela, inqanaba lokugcina impahla okanye iimpahla ezigcinwe ekugcinweni kwezinto ezisele ziveliswe ziya kulungelelanisa ukubonelelwa kwezinto ezikhoyo.
Kukho inani elikhulu leenkcukacha ezifumaneka kwimimandla karhulumente kunye neyimfihlo malunga nokubonelelwa (kunye nemfuno) kwento nganye. Idatha yecala yangasese ivela kwimibutho yezorhwebo okanye iinkampani zophando ezisebenzela ukuxhasa imveliso nganye.
Idatha ka rhu lumente ivela kwi-arhente yeentlanga ehlabathini lonke. Ngokomzekelo, xa kuziwa kwimveliso yezolimo iSebe lezoLimo laseMerika (i- USDA ) ixubusha iingxelo zexesha ngeziganeko ezinxulumene nokubonelela, ukufunwa, kunye nenkqubela yezityalo kwiimarike ezininzi zezolimo. Ngaphambi kokukhululwa kweengxelo ze-USDA, abahlalutyi balinganisa idatha ukuba igosa liya kukhulula. Ukuba ingxelo ye-USDA ekugqibeleni iyanxaxha ukusuka kumaxabiso okulindela abahlalutyi iya kutshintsha, ngamanye amaxesha ngokugqithiseleyo. Ngaloo ndlela, xa ezi ngxelo zikarhulumente, zithatha ukuhambisa amaxabiso. Omnye umzekelo wedatha yokunika inkxaso iya kuba yinkcazelo ekhishwe yi- American Petroleum Institute (API) kunye ne-Energy Information Administration (EIA) kwimveliso yamandla njengamafutha angcolileyo, iimveliso zeoli, amalahle, igesi yendalo kunye namanye amandla. I-API yinkampani yabucala ngelixa i-EIA yinkampani karhulumente wase-US. Olunye ulwazi, ngokubanzi ulwazi lwekarhulumente, lufumaneka ngaphandle kwentlawulo ngelixa enye idatha iyathengiswa. Ulwazi oluxhasayo lwe-Supply lufumaneka malunga nemveliso nganye.
Ingxaki ivela kwiimeko apho ukuveliswa kwemveliso kubakho kwiindawo zehlabathi apho oorhulumente basekhaya babheka idatha njengemfihlo yombuso.
Oorhulumente afana neRashiya kunye neChina baqaphelisisa ukusabalaliswa kwedatha yenkxaso-mali kunye nolwazi malunga nezixhobo ezicwangcisiweyo zezinto eziveliswe kwaye zigcinwe kwimida yazo. Ngako oko, kuba nzima ukuvavanya iimpahla ezikhoyo kunye neendawo ezinokuthi ziqinisekiswe kwaye zinokuthi zenzeke kula mazwe. Kwamanye amazwe, i-degree ephezulu yokubonakaliswa ngokucacileyo kubangele idatha echanekayo efumanekayo ukuba onke amaqela anomdla abone.
I-Side Demination
Imfuno yempahla iyinto ekhoyo - ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kwenzeka emhlabeni wonke. Iintlanga ezicebileyo emhlabeni kunye nezindleko zokukhula eziphakamileyo ziba ngabaxhasi abakhulu bezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo. I-China iye yaba ngumthengi omkhulu wezinto eziphathekayo kwiminyaka yamuva ngenxa yezinga eliphezulu lokukhula koqoqosho lwaseChina kunye nabemi. Ngoko ke, imfuneko yempahla ihambelana kakhulu nokukhula koqoqosho, ixabiso lemali, amazinga omdla kunye nolunye ulwazi lwezoqoqosho.
Xa uqoqosho lwehlabathi luphilile kwaye lukhula, imfuno yexabiso leemveliso liyancipha, kwaye ukuthetha kuyinyaniso ngexesha lobuthathaka boqoqosho.
Nangona i-data-side data evela kwiindawo ezigxininisiweyo, uhlobo olusasazekayo lokusetyenziswa luvumela abahlalutyi abalulekileyo ukuba basebenzise iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokubala, kuquka i-hedonics, ukuqikelela ukufunwa kwihlabathi jikelele. Nangona kunjalo, akusiyo i-science epheleleyo, kwaye iziganeko ezingenakwenzeka ziyakwazi ukukhawuleza idatha ngamanye amaxesha.
Ulwakhiwo lweTesha lusitshela iLo malunga neZiseko
Isibonakaliso sesikhathi sangempela sezinto ezisemgangathweni isakhiwo sesebe okanye iindleko zangaphambili kwiimarike eziphathekayo. Xa imarike iqinile, imeko yokubuyiselwa apho amaxabiso amiselweyo aphantsi kwexabiso elikufutshane libonisa ukuba imfuno yangoku iphezulu kunokuba kunikezelwa ngoku. Iimarike ekugqithiseni ziza kubonisa imeko ye-contango apho ixabiso elichaziweyo liphezulu kunexabiso elikufutshane. Oku kukugqwesileyo ukuba ukubonelela kunkulu kunokuba kufuna. Abahlalutyi abaphambili bajonga ukunikezelwa kweenkcukacha kunye nokufunwa kwedatha ukuba baqikelele kwaye baqikelele amaxesha apho iimarike ziza kutshintsha ukusuka kwintlupheko ize zenzeke ngokugqithiseleyo nangona kunjalo. Xa ezi zitshintshi zenzeka, amaxabiso angatshintsha.
Ukubikezelwa kwexabiso lentengo yoshishino olukhohlisayo. Ukuqokelela kunye nokuhlalutya kokunikezelwa kweenkcukacha kunye nokufunwa kwedatha kunemiqathango ngokwemigangatho yolwazi oluqingqiweyo. Ixabiso lentengo kwisenzo naziphi na iimveliso zibonisa ezi ziseko kwaye ngezinye ixesha isakhiwo sithuba sisona sibonakaliso esona sikhulu seenguqu ezibalulekileyo kwiimarike.
Izinto eziqhelekileyo
Nangona ukubonelelwa kunye neemfuno zizinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ekunqumeni kwendlela yokungancinci kwamanani entengo, ezinye izinto zingashintsha ngokukhawuleza. Iziganeko zezopolitiko zihlala zixhalabisa abathengisi beempahla. Ukufakwa ngokukhawuleza kwerhafu okanye irhafu kwimpahla engeniswayo okanye ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwamashishini karhulumente kunokutshintsha iimpawu zokubonelela kunye nezidingo. Ukutshintsha kwimozulu okanye izenzo zendalo zingatshintsha ukulingana okusemgangathweni. Ukubonakala kwesifo sesityalo okanye iingxaki zokungena kwiindawo ezizithengisa iimpahla kwiimarike kunokuhlala ziguqula ixabiso lentengo.
Isenzo esicacisayo kwixabiso lihlala lixhalabisa kakhulu abathathi-nxaxheba kwiimarike eziphathekayo. Le miba exogene kunye kunye nokunikezelwa kweemfuno eziphambili kubangelwa isisombululo semali yamanani entengo. Ukuchazwa kwexabiso lexabiso lemarike yezinto ezibonakalayo lihlala liyingcipheko shishini, kodwa yile nto eyenza iimpahla zorhweba umngeni.