Ixabiso lentengo yegesi yendalo igxininise kakhulu kwimozulu. Kwiminyaka edlulileyo, amakhaya amaninzi eUnited States atshintshe iinkqubo zokufudumala kweoli kunye ne-gas-based based systems. Oku kuye kwandisa imfuno yamandla kagesi kwaye yenze ixabiso lexesha elivame ukuphakama ebusika. Xa ubusika obushushu obunqabileyo buhlasela i-US, ixabiso liya kuhamba phezulu. Kwixesha lembali, ixabiso lentengo yegesi lihlala lihamba ngokukhawuleza kwaye libuhlungu. Sazibonela oku kutshanje kubusika ka-2013/2014 xa ixabiso leenyanga ezisebenzayo liye lafuduka ukusuka kuma-dollar angaphezu kwama-3 ukuya phezulu kuma-$ 6.50 ngenxa yeemeko ezinqabileyo zase-US Kukho imeko yexesha eliqhelekileyo kwimarike yendalo yegesi, liye linyuka kwiinyanga zebusika kwaye liwela ngexesha leenyanga ezifudumeleyo.
Isikhathi esiphezulu segesi senziwa ngo-2005 nangama-2008 xa iindwangu zithintela ukugcinwa kwegesi yendalo kunye nezibonelelo ezikuGulf of Mexico eLouasana, indawo yokunikezelwa kwekontrakthi ye-NYMEX.
Kukho utshintsho oluninzi kwiimarike zerhasi yemvelo kwiminyaka yamuva. Ukufunyanwa kwemithombo enkulu yegesi yemvelo e-United States eMarcellus nase-Utica shales kuye kwaxinekisa intengo. Ukufika kwe-hydraulic fracking ukuphuhlisa nokukhipha igesi kulawo maqhekeza kuye kwandisa iimpahla kunye nexabiso elixinzelelekileyo.
Nangona kunjalo, kukho okwangoku iinguqu ezibalulekileyo eziqhubekayo kwiimarike zamandla ezinokuthi ukuba intengo yegesi yendalo iya kuphakama phezulu kwiminyaka ezayo kwaye amaxabiso angaphantsi kwe-$ 3 nganye ngememmbithi iya kuba yimemori engabonakaliyo kwaye ikude. Nangona ukwanda kwendawo yokugcina impahla kungabonakali kumzila wexabiso elizayo, ngoku kukho izizathu ezintathu zokuthi igesi yendalo ingaba yinto esincinci kakhulu kumgangatho wexabiso langoku.
Isizathu sombolo enye: I-gesi yemvelo yokutshintsha amalahle
Inqubomgomo yamandla e-US ishintshile ukujongana neengxaki zokungcola. Kwintetho yakutshanje, umongameli wase-United States wamemezela amaninzi amanyathelo okunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kwimeko. Oku kufana nokutshintsha wonke amalahle kunye negesi yendalo enikwe amandla okuvelisa umbane. Oku kuya kukwandisa imfuno yerhasi yemvelo kunyaka-jikelele ngokuqwalasela ukuba iimfuneko zokupholisa ziyimfuneko yombane.
Isizathu sesibini isibalo: I-gesi yendalo iyahambahamba emhlabeni jikelele
Ukuthuthwa kunye nokuhanjiswa kwegesi yengqonge e-United States kwenzeka nge-network network. I-teknoloji entsha, eyenziwe nguCheniere Energy (iSigu LNG), ukunyusa igesi yendalo izakuvumela nokuququzelela ukuthunyelwa kwegesi yemvelo ngaphandle.
Ixabiso lentengo yemvelo e-United States liphantsi kakhulu kunase-Asia. Igesi yendalo eyenziwe yinqanawa yolwandle emhlabeni jikelele iya kwandisa ixabiso lempahla elithengiswayo kunye nempahla-ethatha impahla evela kwi-US kunye neendawo zokugcina. I-teknoloji, ngoko ke, yinto enhle kwixabiso elizayo lexabiso.
Isizathu sesithathu inombolo: I-Fracking ineempembelelo
Ukuhlaselwa kwegesi yemvelo kuye kwandisa inani leziganeko zesisimo kwiimimandla zaseUnited States apho kuhlala khona igesi yendalo. Inani lenyikima eTexas, e-Oklahoma, e-Ohio nakweminye imimandla sele yanda eyona nto ibangelwa ngumsebenzi wokukhwabanisa kule mimandla. Kungenzeka ukuba imimiselo emitsha iya kuncipha okanye ishintshe le ndlela yokukhutshwa kwegesi yendalo. Oku kunokuthintela ukuveliswa kwegesi yendalo ukusuka kumanqanaba athatyathwa ngabahlalutyi beemarike.
Ngenxa yezizathu ezintathu ezibhalwe apha ngasentla, i-gesi yendalo yengomso phantsi kwe-3 level today ishibhile. Ngoko ke, umngcipheko ongenakuncipheko wegesi yemvelo kwixabiso layo langoku lilinganiselwe kwaye i-backside iye yaba yinto enomdla ngakumbi.