Indlela yokuTyala imali kwiMual Funds ingaba luncedo kuwe
Kukho iimpawu ezininzi zeemali ezidibeneyo zokufunda kodwa inqabile ukutshala imali kuzo kulula ngakumbi kunokwenza uludwe lwezinto ezintle!
Ngaloo nto yathi, kwaye akukho myalelo othile, nantsi ezintandathu iingeniso zokutshala imali kwiimali zentsebenziswano.
1. Ukutshala imali kwiMual Funds kulula
Ukuhlanganisa iphothifoliyo yamasheya kunye nezibophelelo kunokuba nzima, ukuba akunakwenzeka, kumtyalo-mali. Ngokomzekelo, ixesha kunye nolwazi olufunekayo ukuphanda nokuhlalutya iishumi okanye izitokisi ezingaphezulu zinokuba nzima kakhulu kubantu abaninzi. Oku akukhankanyi ngawo onke amashishini afanelekileyo ukwakha iphothifoliyo, kunye nophando oluqhubekayo kunye nohlalutyo olufunekayo ukugcina iphothifoliyo. Kodwa xa kuziwa ekutyaleni imali kwiimali zentsebenziswano, abatyalo-mali bangaqalisa ukutyalomali nge-fund eyodwa kuphela .
Xa usayazi injongo yakho yotyalomali, eya kubandakanya inani leminyaka lokutyalomali kunye nomngcipheko ongazilungele ukuthatha ukuthatha, unokukhetha i-fund eyodwa okanye imali. Kwaye kuxhomekeka kwiintlobo zemali ezisebenzisayo, ukulungiswa okuqhubekayo kungenanto.
2. I-Mutual Funds inikezela ngoLawulo lwezoLawulo
Esinye sezizathu eziphambili zokutyalomali iimali ezidibeneyo kuba lula kuba zilawulwe ngokusemthethweni. Kunokuba uphando, uhlalutye, uthengise kwaye uthengise izitokisi okanye izibophelelo ngokwakho, unomphathi-mali onomsebenzi okwenzayo kuwe. Ulawulo lwezobugcisa lusemgangathweni malunga nokusebenza kweemali zobudlelwane: Xa abatyali-mali bathenga izabelo zeemali ezidibeneyo, bahlanganisa imali yabo ndawonye.
Abaphathi basebenzisa le phakheji yemali ukuthenga izitokisi okanye izibambiso ezigqityiweyo eziphelisa ukwenza iphothifoliyo enye.
Cinga ngemali efana kunye neebhasiki zotyalo-mali. Inqabileyo nganye inomgomo wayo kunye nomphathi (okanye iqela lolawulo). Umphathi unayo iqela labahlalutyi abancedisa ukwenza uphando. Kwakhona gcinani engqondweni ukuba, xa kuziwa kubaphathi, imali yezemali ziwela kumacandelo amabini aphambili - omnye ulawulo olusebenzayo kunye nolunye ulawulo oluphathekayo .
Abaphathi beengxowa-mali ezilawulwa ngokufanelekileyo baya kusebenzisa izixhobo zabo ukuze bazame "batshale imarike," okuya kuthi bazakuzama ukukhupha umgangatho othile, njengeS & P 500 . Nangona kunjalo, umphathi weengxowa-mali ezilawulwa ngokungazamiyo akayi kuzama ukubetha isalathisi kodwa kunoko uzithenga aze abambe ibhaskiti yeempahla eziza kuphinda ziphendule ukubamba kunye nokusebenza kwenkcazo.
3. I-Mutual Funds I-Investment Diversified Investments
Ubume beengxowa-mali eziphathekayo njengotyalo-mali oluxhaswe ngokusemthethweni ukuba abatyali-mali ngokubanzi banokufezekisa ngokulula imilinganiselo ebaluleke kakhulu yokutyalo-mali-ukuhlukahluka. Ukudibanisa iindlela zokusasaza umngcipheko wemarike ngokubamba iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zobutyebi, kunokuba zimbalwa nje.
Iimali ezininzi zetyala zityalomali kwiininzi okanye amakhulu emasitokisini okanye amabhondi ngaphakathi kwiphothifoliyo enye.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwimiba yeengxowa-mali, oku kufezekisa izinto ezisemgangathweni zohlukeneyo kunye neyona ncinane okanye enye imali. Nangona kunjalo, xa kwakhiwa iphothifoliyo yeemali eziphathekayo , ngokukodwa njengamashishini okutyalomali kunye neenjongo zanda ngakumbi kunzima kwixesha, abatyali-mali bahlakaniphile ukuhlukana kwiinkalo ezininzi kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo.
Isizathu sokuba kutheni ukubaluleka kubalulekile kukuba utyalo-mali olulodwa okanye ezimbini zokubambisa zingabungozi kakhulu. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba umtyalo-mali uthenga iisitokthi ezimbalwa kwaye ezo zifuyo zibona ukuhla kwexabiso elifutshane kwixesha elifutshane, iphothifoliyo ye-investor ingakwazi ukuhlawula ngokuxabisekileyo. Kodwa ukuba umtyalo-mali uthenge i-fund efanayo ephethe iisitokethi ezili-100, kwaye ezimbalwa zala masango zibona ukuhla kwexabiso, impembelelo kwixabiso le-akhawunti ye-akhawunti.
Iindleko zotyalo-mali ziNcinci kwiiMali zeMali
Abatyalomali bavame ukugqithisa iinkalo ezininzi zokwakha nokulawula iphothifoliyo, kunye nefuthe elibi kakhulu lezinto ezigqithisileyo zivela kwiindleko. Ngokuxhomekeke kwenkampani ye-brokerage okanye inkampani yokutyalomali, abatyalo-mali banokuhlawulwa iikomishishini zokuthenga nganye okanye ukuthengiswa kwee-securities esisodwa, ezifana nezitokisi. Oku kungongeza ukuya kumawaka eedola ngonyaka, nge-akhawunti, kuxhomekeke kwimizila kunye nobukhulu bezentengiso.
Nangona kunjalo iimali zengxowa-mali ziya kuba zibiza kakhulu. Umphathi-mali oyedwa uya kufaka zonke iimfuno ezifunekayo ukuze agcine i-portfolio ye-fund kodwa umtyalo-mali unokujongana neendleko eziphantsi. Kodwa ukuba abatyali-mali baqaphele, ukutyalo-mali kwimali-mboleko yomzimba kungabi kubi ngaphezu kokuthenga izitokethi zomntu ngamnye. Ukugcina iindleko eziphantsi, abatyali-mali abahlangeneyo bayabulumko ukuba bathenge iimali ezixhasayo kunye nemilinganiselo ephantsi yeendleko . Iindleko nazo zingancitshiswa ngokutyalombela enye yezona nkampani ezingcono kakhulu ezingenayo imithwalo yemali efana neVanguard, iTrust okanye i-T. Rowe Price, zonke ezikhethiweyo ezikhethiweyo zeemali ezingekho mthwalo ngexabiso eliphantsi kweendleko.
5. Abatyalo-mali bangakwazi ukuthenga iintlobo ezininzi zeeMali eziManyeneyo
Iinjongo zotyalo-mali zikhethekileyo kubo bonke abatyala-mali, oko kuthetha ukuba kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuthenga iimali. Ngethamsanqa, kukho iindidi ezininzi zeemali ezingakwazi ukuthobela nayiphi na imfuno yokutshala imali. Ezinye zeenjongo zokutyalomali eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya umhlalaphantsi kunye nemfundo, nganye leyo ingafuna iimali ezahlukileyo ukuhambelana neemfuno zomtyalo-mali.
Iimali zomhlalaphantsi ekujoliswe kuzo ziyimimiselo emihle yeendleko eziphantsi, ezahlukahlukeneyo ezilungele ukuhlangabezana neendidi ezahlukeneyo zexesha. Olu hlobo lwemali luza kutyalomali kwezinye iimali ezidibeneyo ezidibeneyo ukuba zifanele udidi lwexesha elithile lomtyalo-mali. Iimali zomhlala-phantsi ezijoliswe kuzo zihlulwe ngokweminyaka elishumi. Umzekelo, umtyalo-mali oneminyaka engama-25 unokulindela ukuthatha umhlalaphantsi kwiminyaka engama-35 ukuya kwe-45. Ngako oko i-fund efana neVanguard Target Retirement 2050 (VFIFX) inokusebenza kakuhle kwi-401 (k) okanye i-IRA yalo mtyalo-mali.
Ukuthatha umhlala-phantsi ngokuqhelekileyo kuthathwa njengenjongo yokutyalomali yesikhathi eside. Kodwa kukho iintlobo zeengxowa-mali, njengemali yemarike yemali okanye iibhanki zemali , ezifanelekileyo ezifanelekileyo iimfuno ezifutshane. Abatyalomali banokudibanisa iintlobo zemali zokulungiselela ezinye iinjongo zokutshala imali.
6. Iimali zeMualual Fund Zingenakulinganisela ukuba zisetyenziswe yizo zonke iintlobo zabaTyalo-mali
Zonke iingeniso zeengxowa-mali ezikhankanywe apha kweli nqaku zidibanisa enye inzuzo yokuguquguquka. Zilula ngokwaneleyo ukuba ziqondwe kwaye zisetyenziswe ngabaqalayo kodwa zisebenzisekayo ngokufanelekileyo ukuba zisetyenziswe ngabaphathi bemali abaqeqeshiweyo, abahlala bezisebenzisa ukuzakhela iiphothifoliyo kubaxhasi.
Umhlawuli-zimali oqala ukuthenga imali yokuthenga umhlala-phantsi, angayinceda ukuba aqale ukugcina umhlalaphantsi, ngelixa iqumrhu elikhulu lotyalo-mali lingasebenzisa imali efanayo kunye neefowuni zemali kumxhasi omkhulu, njengomthengi othembekileyo othembekileyo okanye inkxaso-mali yokuxhasa inyunivesithi okanye inhlangano engenzi nzuzo.
Akungabazeki ukuba imali ehlangeneyo ilapha ukuze ihlale iminyaka emininzi neminyaka ezayo. Ngama-trilliyoni weedola ezityalomali kwiimali ezizimeleyo kwi-US kuphela, kwaye ukunyuka kwamanani kwiimarike ezikhulayo njenge-Indiya, akukho sizathu sokulindela ukuba lolu hlobo lokutshala imali oluninzi luya kwenza nantoni na kodwa luzuze ekuthandeni kwixesha elizayo.
Ukuziphendulela: Ulwazi olukule ndawo lunikezelwa ngeenjongo zengxoxo kuphela, kwaye akufanele lichazwe ngokungeniswa njengeengcebiso zotyalo-mali. Ngaphandle kweemeko ngaba le nkcazelo ibonisa isincomo sokuthenga okanye ukuthengisa iziqinisekiso.