Siyakulinganisa iimali eziziintlobo kwizinto ezintathu ezibaluleke kakhulu malunga nokutyalomali kwi-estate : indawo, indawo, kunye nendawo. Ngoko ke, le miba emithathu ebalulekileyo yokutyalo-mali kwiimarike ezikhulu-mali zihlukeneyo, ukuhlukahluka kunye nokuhlukahluka.
Ngenhlanhla kubatyalo-mali, ukutyalo-mali kwimali-mali yomzimba kwenza ukuba umsebenzi wezinto ezahlukeneyo ube lula ngakumbi kunokuba utyalomali kwiimali ezizimeleyo ezinjengamasheya kunye nezibophelelo. Iimali sele zineenkcukacha ezihlukeneyo, kodwa kukho ezinye iingcambu eziqhelekileyo ongawela kuyo ngaphandle kokuyiqonda.
Yintoni i-Diversification?
Ngaphambi kokuba sifunde indlela yokudibanisa ngayo imali kunye, kuluvo oluhle lokufunda inkcazo kunye neziseko zezohlukeneyo. Ngokutsho kweDictionary.com, ulwahlulo luchazwa ngokuthi:
- isenzo okanye inkqubo yokwahlukana; imeko yokuhluka.
- isenzo okanye umkhuba wokuveliswa kwemveliso eyahlukeneyo, ukutshala imali kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokhuseleko, ukuthengisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuthengisa, njl., ukwenzela ukuba ukungaphumeleli okanye ukungabikho kwezoqoqosho kuchaphazela enye yazo ayiyi kuba yingozi.
Ibinzana eliphambili kubalimi-mali: "... ukwenzela ukuba ukungaphumeleli okanye ukuhlaselwa kwezoqoqosho kuchaphazela omnye wabo akuyi kuba yintlekele." Ngamanye amagama, ungafaki onke amaqanda akho kwikotyi enye.
Ukwahlukana!
Ngokucacileyo, ukuhlukahluka kwandisa ingozi kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo yeempahla, kubandakanywa amasheya, amabhondi kunye nemali. Iimali zentengiso zenza kube lula ukwenza oku.
Iintlobo zeNzuzo zoTywala kunye ne-Mutual Funds
Ukuchithwa ngenye yeenzuzo ezininzi zokutshala imali kwiimali ezidibeneyo kwaye kunokunceda umnini-zimali ngeendlela ezimbini: ulwahlulo olukhawulezileyo kunye nokwehluka kweepotfoliyo kwizigaba ezininzi zeengxowa-mali.
Okokuqala, ubuhle beemali zobudlelwane bobunye kukuba unokutshala iilidi ezimbalwa zeedola kwinkokhelo enye kwaye ufumane ukufikelela kwangoko kwipotifoliyo eyahlukeneyo. Ngaphandle koko, ukuze udibanise iphothifoliyo yakho, unokufuna ukuthenga ezininzi izithenjwa. Oku kunokukubeka engozini enkulu kunokuba ungayifumana kwiimali ezihlangeneyo.
Ngokomzekelo, ukuba unesikhundla esikhoyo ngasinye samasheya afaka i-20 ukuya ku-30, iziphothifoliyo azithethi njengezohlukeneyo njengengxowa-mali eyodwa elandela i-S & P 500, equka i-securities ezingaphezulu kwama-500. Ngamanye amagama, i-fund efanayo ivumela umnini-mali ukuba ahluke kwii-stocks ezahlukeneyo ngendlela elula kwaye ephezulu.
Ngamanye amaxesha, xa kuziwa kuluhlu lwezinto ezahlukeneyo, akunakulungele ukufumana amasheya amaninzi ahlukeneyo. Ngokomzekelo, unakho ukufumana iimpahla eziyi-100 ngaphakathi kwenkxaso-mali, kwaye ezo zitokisi eziyi-100 zikwimali yezemali ( icandelo lesibini mali ). Kungaphezulu kunokwenzeka ukuba njengoko icandelo lezemali lihambela phezulu kwaye lihla, ngokunjalo ixabiso le-fund yakho.
Oku kusizisa kwinqanaba lesibini. I-fund efanayo ivumela ukudibanisa phakathi kwezitayela ezahlukeneyo, amacandelo, amazwe, kunye naluphi na inhlanganisela yeentlobo zokhuselo onokuzicingela.
Unokuthenga i -fund eyodwa kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo, okanye ungathenga iipotifoliyo zeemali ezihlangeneyo kumacandelo ahlukeneyo kwaye wenze ulwahlulo lwakho.
Ukungafani Konke Akusoloko Kufana Njalo Njengaye
Nangona iifowuni zixhamla zixhobo esikhulu zokwenza izinto ezahlukeneyo, unokubanjelwa kwiphutha elifanayo. Abanini-zimali abaninzi bacinga ukuba ukubeka imali kwimali eyahlukeneyo yimiba ehlukeneyo, kodwa eyahlukileyo ayisoloko ifana neyohlukeneyo.
Ngokomzekelo, unako ukutyalomali kwiimali ezimbini ezihlukeneyo, kodwa akunakulungile ukuba bobabini banamalungelo afanayo. Awuyiyo impela ukuxuba ngoba ukuba into echaphazela iziqinisekiso kwi-fund eyodwa, iya kuthintela enye ingxowa-mali.
Ukudibanisa ngokwenene iphothifoliyo yakho, kufuneka utyalomali kwingxowa-mali ehlanganyelweneyo engenabambisene neenkampani kunye nezinye iimali.
Cinga ukuba yiyiphi inxaxheba isalathisi otyalomayo kwaye uzama ukusasaza imali yakho kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zeengxowa-mali zobudlelwane .
Umngcipheko, Umvuzo kunye noDiversification
Isishwankathelo, i-fund fund iyavumela ukungafani phakathi kwamasheya amaninzi ngeli xesha kwaye ivumela ukuhlukahluka phakathi kwamacandelo ahlukeneyo, izitayela, njl. Iimali zengxowa-mali ziyakutyala imali kwezinye iimpahla, ezifana nezibophelelo, imali okanye izinto ezifana negolide kunye nezinye izitye. Olu hlobo lwenza ukuba abatyali-mali bakwazi ukunciphisa umngcipheko wesitokethi esithile okanye icandelo. Ikwavulela kwakhona ukufumana imivuzo eninzi ngokunikela ngokubanzi ngokubanzi kwiimpahla kunye namacandelo.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuhlukahluka kukuvumela ukuba ube ngumtyalomali ukufezekisa umsebenzi wakho oyintloko, okuza kukukhulisa ubutyebi bezemali ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngelo xesha, uyancipha ingozi ngokunciphisa ukungabi nantoni. Zingakanani iimali ezifunekayo zokudibanisa ngokuxhomekeke kuninzi kwiinjongo zakho zotyalo-mali.