U-Dave ulungile kwizinto ezininzi kodwa ilapha apho afumana khona imali engafanelekanga
Ukuba ugcine imali, uzama ukuphuma kwetyala, utyalo-mali kwiimali zentengiso okanye uthanda ukuphulaphula intetho yomsakazo, u-Dave Ramsey akafuneki ukungeniswa. Ndandingumphulaphuli wokuqala weentengiso zakhe zemali zomsakazo (ukusukela kwiminyaka ye-90) kwaye ndinomsebenzi wokuqala wokushicilela kwincwadi yakhe eyaziwayo ngoku, i- Peace Peace , ehlala esitratweni sam kude nanamhla.
Enyanisweni, uDave ufanelwe inkolelo ngokundinceda ukuba ndiqonde kwaye ndonwabele ngemali yomntu, ekugqibeleni kwakhokelela kumsebenzi wam njengomcebisi-mali. Ngoku NdingumCwangcisi wezeMali oQinisekisiweyo (TM) kwaye ndinomvuzo-kuphela we-Investment Investment Advisory firm.
Inhlonipho epheleleyo kaDave Ramsey, edibaniswe nemvelaphi yeenkonzo zemali kunye neengxowa-mali zobudlelwane, yenza ukuba ndikwazi ukubonelela ngenye ingcebiso kunye neyona ingcono kakhulu ye-Dave yokutsalwa kweengcebiso (nangona engenayo ilayisenisi yokuthengisa i-securities kwaye engayibizi ngezobuchwepheshe "icebiso ").
Yintoni uDave Ramsey athola Ngesokudla
URamsey, icebo lotyalo-mali kunye nocwangciso lwemali-mali, unikela abaphulaphuli bakhe abaphulaphuli kunye nabafundi beencwadi zokucebisa ngezezimali ezininzi ngeendlela ezininzi kodwa unikeza iingcebiso ezingekho phantsi kweengxowa-mali. Ixabiso elikhethekileyo likaDave kulabaphulaphuli kukuba umyalezo wakhe ulula, kulula ukuyiqonda kwaye udla ngokuzonwabisa. Kwakhona ugxile kwingqondo yengqondo; U-Dave uyazi ukuba intshaba eyona nto isalathisa kakhulu.
Kwamava am, ndiyazi ukuba ukuba iinjongo zingenakufikeleleka kwaye zilula ukuqonda, abantu bahluleka kusasa okanye abazenzi nantoni yokufikelela iinjongo. Oku kuyinyaniso ngeenjongo zemali, ukutya okutya, iinkqubo zokusetyenziswa kunye nantoni na efuna ukukhuthazwa, ixesha kunye nomonde.
Ukunganakwa kunye nokungaphumeleli ukwenza ngokuqhelekileyo kuziphatha kakubi kwimali yomntu kunokuba kusetyenziswe amafilosofi atyalo-mali angaphantsi.
Ngoko ke, ukuhanjiswa okulula kukaDave kunye "namanyathelo akhe omntwana" inkululeko yemali iyasebenza ekuboniseni abantu kwicandelo eliqhelekileyo eliqhelekileyo kunokuba kukho ubunzima kunye nengxolo kwezinye iindawo zeenkonzo zemali zendalo.
Nangona kunjalo, ngokubhekiselele kwiimali ezidibeneyo, i- Dave Ramsey yezofilosofi zokutsalwa kwezimali zixhomekeke kwiingozi. Abathengi bemali be-Mutual bangafumana iingcebiso ezilungileyo kwiintetho zemidlalo zomsakazo kodwa bayabulumko ukuqonda umahluko phakathi kokuzonwabisa kunye nezenzo zokutyalwa kwemali.
UDave Ramsey Utyalo-mali
Ukuze senzeke ngokufanelekileyo, masiqale nge-Dave Investment Philosophy, ngokukodwa ngokumalunga nemali-mali, ethathwe ngqo kwiwebhusayithi yakhe:
U-Dave ucebisa iingxowa-mali zomxhaso wakho womhlala-phantsi oxhaswe ngumqeshi kunye nee-IRA zakho. Hlukanisa utyalo-mali lwakho ngokulinganayo phakathi kwezi ntlobo ezine zemali:
- Ukukhula
- Ukukhula kunye neNgeniso
- Ukukhula okuKhulayo
- Ngamazwe ngamazwe
Khetha izabelo (umthwalo wokugqibela wangaphambili) kunye nemali engenani ubuneminyaka emihlanu ubudala. Bamele babe nerekhodi egciniweyo yembuyekezo yembuyekezo efanelekileyo kwimali yabo.
Ukuba ukunyamezela kwakho kwingozi, oku kuthetha ukuba unethuba elincinci lokugcina imali yakho imali, ubeke ngaphantsi kwama-25% ekukhuleni okukhuselekileyo okanye ucinge ngokungeza "i-fund balance" kwiintlobo ezine zemali eziphakanyisiweyo.
Ukwabiwa kweAset Asset of Dave Ramsey: Ziziphi iibhondi?
Enye yezona zinto ziphambili zeengxowa- mali zikwaba nohlobo olulodwa lwee-asethi. Umxube we-4-fund weDave Ramsey uquka uhlobo olulodwa lwee-asethi; zikhona iimali zesikhwama, akukho mali ekhonkco okanye imali ( imarike yemali okanye ixabiso elizinzile ). Iphothifoliyo equkethe i-100% esitokisini ayifanelekanga kubafundi beDave kwaye, ngokwembono yezibonelelo zakho ezizimeleyo zemali-mboleko, ukwabiwa kwempahla ye-100% yemali yesitokisi ayilunganga kubantu abaninzi emhlabeni.
Umxube we-4-fund I-Dave Ramsey: Ukunqongophala kunciphisa ukuchithwa
Kwi-Dave Ramsey isicwangciso- mali sokutshala imali , ukhuthaza abatyali-mali ukuba babambe imali engama-40 e-401 (k) okanye i-IRA-eyodwa ye- Growth fund , enye ye- Growth & Income fund , enye yeNgxowa-mali ye-Growth & Fund eyodwa.
Lo mxube we-fund-4 unamandla amakhulu okungafihli , okwenzekayo xa umnini-zimali enemali emibini okanye ngaphezulu ephethe iziqinisekiso ezifanayo. Ukulandela umzekelo kaDave, cingela umtyalo-mali ongenalwazi okhangele kwi-401 (k) isicwangciso, esinikela ngemali yomxhasi weVanguard :
Ukhetho oluqhelekileyo lokutshala imali nguVanguard S & P 500 Index (VFINX). Umtyalo-mali oqalayo akayi kukwazi ukuba le ngxowa-mali "ukukhula" okanye "ukukhula kunye neholo" okanye akukho. Kwakhona, kuthekani ukuba ukhetho olulodwa kwisicwangciso luyiVanguard Growth & Income (VQNPX)? Ngaba umtyalo-mali uyazi ukuba bekukho na? Nantsi indlela abanokuyifumana ngayo (nangona uDave angeke abatshele oku). Bona (okanye wena) unokuya kwi-Morningstar.com kwaye ufake uphando lwe-VQNPX. Kanye kwiphepha eliphambili lephepha, khangela ikhonkco kwi " Ratings and Risk " kwaye nqakraza kuyo. Xa kuloo phepha, pheqa phantsi kwaye uza kubona into ebizwa ngokuba yi- R-squared kwaye ingama-99. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-VQNPX ine-99% yokulungiswa kwi-S & P 500 yengxowa-mali ; bafana ngokufanayo!
Ukwenza izinto zibe zibi nakakhulu, umtyalo-mali unokucinga ukuba nayiphi na imali ye-stock fund ayiyi kutyalomali kwisitoktho esitholakalayo ekukhuleni kwabo ekhaya okanye ukukhula kunye nengxowa-mali . Nangona kunjalo, ukuba le ngxowa-mali ikwahlula ngokuthi " isitokisi sehlabathi ," inokufaka imali phakathi kwe-20% kunye no-60% kwimigodi yase-US. Oku kudala ukugqithisa okungaphezulu (ukunciphisa ubuncinane).
Isishwankathelo, umxube we-4-fund we-Dave unokuba neentlobo ezahlukeneyo njengemali eyodwa okanye ezimbini. Ukuba kunye naxa amaxabiso e-stock yase-US ewa, ixabiso le-akhawunti ye-zimali liza kuwela ngaphezulu kunokuba ngaba ne-mix mix of funds and stock bonds . Olu hlobo lokulahleka kwexabiso le-akhawunti yinto ephazamisayo abatyali-mali kwaye ibenza bayeke ukutshala imali ngokupheleleyo.
Kuphi i-No-Load Funds kwi-Advice kaDave Ramsey?
Ngengqondo yakhe yotyalo-mali, uDave uthi ukusebenzisa ii-A share ( imali elayishiwe ), oko kuthetha ukuba umtyalomali uza kuhlawula iikomishoni kumthengisi okanye umcebisi-mali-mali (kwi-IRA okanye i- akhawunti ye-brokerage ). Kutheni u-Dave angayicebisi imali engekho mthwalo ? Ukuqagela kwam kuqala kukuba uDave utshela abaphulaphuli bakhe ukuba basebenzise "uMboneleli Wendawo Wemvume (ELP)". Lo ngumthengisi okanye umcebisi uDave uyancoma (nangona ndicinga ukuba le i-ELP ikwazisa kwakhona kwiDave's show). Ndiyazibuza ukuba kutheni angayi kunceda abaphulaphuli bakhe batyala imali okanye bacebise ukusebenzisa "umrhumo-kuphela" umcebisi onokucebisa imali engekho mthwalo - kunye nomcebisi ohlawulwa kuphela ngeengcebiso ezingenamkhethe abazinikeleyo kwaye kungekhona imveliso abayithengisayo ?
Inkcazo kaDave Ramsey yokuXhatyelwa koMngcipheko ayiyiphutha
U-Dave uthi abatyalo-mali bangadinga ukulungelelanisa isabelo esinobundlobongela kwimibafoliyo ukuba ukunyamezela kwabo kuphantsi kwaye uthi ukunyamezela ingxaki "kuthetha ukuba unethuba elincinci lokugcina imali yakho." Hayi, inani lexesha lixesha lotyalo-mali-mali, elilinganiswa ukususela namhlanje kuze kube sekupheleni kwenjongo yokutyalomali okanye injongo yokulondoloza, engenanto enokuyinyamezela ngengozi. Inyaniso yokwenene yokunyamezela ingozi ibhekisele kwimingcipheko yemakethi, ngokukodwa ukunyanzelisa (ukuhla nokuhla), umtyalo-mali unokunyamezela. Umdala oneminyaka engama-80 unokunyamezela kakhulu kwaye uneminyaka engama-20 ubudala unokunyamezela. Umlinganiselo wengozi umtyalomali unokunyamezela ngokupheleleyo imvakalelo okanye iimvakalelo, kungekhona isixa sithuba.
Oko uDave Ramsey uthetha xa uthi ukunyamezela ngengozi yinto endiyibiza ngokuthi "amandla okubeka ingozi," leyo ingakanani umngcipheko umntu onako "ukuthenga" ukuthatha. Umzekelo, nangona ucinga ukuba utyalomali okhutheleyo ( ukunyamezela okukhulu ), kungenokuba ubulumko ukuba ube ne-100% yokugcina umhlala-phantsi kwiisitokethi unyaka omnye ngaphambi kokuba uceba ukuhlala phantsi. Ngokufanayo, ukuba uneminyaka engama-40 kude kube ngumhlalaphantsi (ixesha elide, umthamo omkhulu) kodwa unobulunga obunzima, awuyi kuhanjiswa kakuhle ngokubeka yonke i-401 yakho (k) imali kwi- value value fund .
Ndakunika iinkcukacha malunga nendlela yokulungisa ezinye iingcebiso zeengxowa-mali ezimbi zikaDave, kodwa kule ngxenye yesibini yenkcazo yethu kwi-Dave Ramsey yeengxowa-mali zengxowa-mali, siya kugubungela yonke imibono engcono kakhulu uDave ayabelana ngayo nabaphulaphuli bakhe kunye kunye unako ukwenza umsebenzi ongcono wokuthetha.
Uludwe lweZiko eziPhambili zoTyalo-mali kunye neMali yeMali
- Funda indlela yokwakha iphothifoliyo : Yonke into evela kwi-asethi eyabelwe ukunyamezela umngcipheko kwiqhinga lesipotfoliyo apha. Ukuba uyayithanda yonke le ngcaciso kwindawo enye qaphela eli nqaku. Nangona kunjalo xa ufuna kuphela iziqwenga ezimbalwa, ezi zilandelayo zidibanisa ziqhube phambili ...
- Sebenzisa iNkcazo yePorfolio yeCore and Satellite : Isakhiwo sesikhwama sokubambisa iifortikhi nje njengoko kuzwakala. Ukhetha inkxaso-mali "eyintloko" kwaye uyakhe ngeenxa zonke ngemali "yesatellite". Umzekelo umxholo ophezulu uyisibonelelo se- S & P 500 Index , kwi-40% eyabelweyo, kunye nezinye iindidi ezahlukileyo, ezifana ne- Stock Exit , i -stock-small-stock kunye ne-Bond imali, malunga ne-10 ukuya kwi-20 nganye nganye.
- Qinisekisa ukuba usebenzisa iiCandelo zeFund ezahlukeneyo : Oku kuyingcambu ye-Dave Ramsey ubuthathaka. Iintlobo zeengxowa-mali ze-Dave zine-4 zifana nazo zonke ezenziweyo, ezenza ibhokhwe yexesha lokukhawulelana kweentlobo ezimbi ezibizwa ngokuba yi- overlap . Umzekelo, amaqela angama-3 kuma-4 uDave ancomela (ukukhula, ukukhula kunye nenzuzo kunye nokukhula ngokukhawuleza) bonke bangaba yimali enkulu ye-stock stock funds . Le ndawo yeemarike yinto ebaluleke kakhulu ngexesha le-market ye-2007 ukuya ku-2009. Iipotifoliyo ezahlukahlukeneyo ziyakuthintela le ngxaki.
- Yazi iNkcazo yoMonde wokuThathaka : Njengoko ndathi kwiPhepha 1 yeli nqaku, uDave uchaza ngokuthe tye xa uthi ukunyamezela kokunyamekela ingozi "kuthetha ukuba unethuba elifutshane lokuba ugcine imali yakho." Ixesha alikho nto yokunyamezela! Ixesha lilinganiselwa kwiinyanga okanye kwiminyaka kwaye ukunyamezela kuyimo sengqondo, ukuvakalelwa okanye ukuvakalelwa malunga nokuphakanyiswa kwe-akhawunti yakho. Kwakhona, ukunyamezela ngokubhekiselele emngciphekweni ngokuqhelekileyo kugqitywa ngama-questionnaires angafikelela kwiziphumo ezingachanekanga. Ngokomzekelo, eminye imibuzo ibuza indlela onokuvakalelwa ngayo xa ulahlekelwe i-20% yexabiso lakho le-akhawunti kwiinyanga ezimbalwa okanye ngonyaka. Yintoni ongayenza: Thengisa ngoku, ulinde uze wenze isigqibo emva koko okanye awuyi kwenza nto? Oku kufana nokubuza, "Unokwenza ntoni ukuba umngane wakho omhle wayesemngciphekweni yemoto: Phuma, uhlale uzolile uze uncede, okanye ubiza 911?" Ayikho indlela yokwenene yokwazi ngaphandle kokuba usandul 'ukuhlala kwimeko efanayo.
- Nika i-Asset Allocation Approprial : Emva kokuba uzimisele ukunyamezela inqanaba lakho, unokumisela ukunikezelwa kweefa, oko kukuxuba imali-mali, iibhonki kunye nekheshi-eziquka iphothifoliyo yakho. Ulwabiwo olulungileyo lweefa luya kubonakalisa izinga lakho lokunyamezela ingozi, enokuchazwa njengobundlobongela (ukunyamezela okuphezulu kwengozi), ngokulinganayo (ukunyamezela okuphakathi komngcipheko) okanye ukuzithemba (ukunyamezela komngcipheko ophantsi).
- Funda indlela yokukhetha iiNgxowa ezilungileyo kunazo zonke : UDave Ramsey unceda abaqalayo ngokuncinci ngokubakhuthaza ukuba batyalomali kwiingxowa-mali zomnye kodwa unikeza iinkcukacha ezincinane malunga nendlela yokukhetha imali engcono . Yonke into oyifunayo kuyindawo efanelekileyo yokucwaninga ngemali kunye nokukhumbula ukujonga ixabiso eliphantsi kweendleko kwakunye nembali yexesha elide lokusebenza (ubuncinane iminyaka emi-5). Kwakhona, qi ni sekisa ukusebenzisa imali engekho mthwalo , kunokuba i-A share (elayishiwe) imali i-Dave ibonisa kwiwebhusayithi yayo.
Imizekelo elula yoKwakha iMicimbi ePhambili yeeMali eziMali
Kuhlala kunceda ukwenza olunye uphononongo kwaye wenze umsebenzi wesikolo. Ukuba ufuna i-shortcutcut (kuba ndiyazi ukuba isikhokelo esilula yindlela abantu abaninzi banqwenela ukufunda ngayo), nantsi ezinye iiphothifoliyo zesampula:
- Umxhatshazo (Umngcipheko ophezulu) Isibonelo sePortfolio : Oku kubalimi-mali abanamaxesha angama-10 eminyaka okanye ngaphezulu kwaye banokubamba ngexesha lokutshatyalaliswa okukhulu kweemarike (ups and downs).
- Isibonelo esiphezulu (i-Medium Risk) Isibonelo sePortfolio : Oku kubalimi-mali abanama-horizons engama-5 okanye ngaphezulu kweminyaka kwaye banokunyamezela ukuguquka okuphakathi kwixabiso le-akhawunti.
- I-Conservative (Umngcipheko oPhantsi) Isibonelo sePortfolio : Oku kubalimi-mali abanamaxesha angama-3 okanye ngaphezulu kunye nokunyamezela okuphantsi kwexabiso le-akhawunti.
Kwenye indawo kwiwebhu, ungayibona le nqaku kwiblogi, i- Bad Money Advice , Izinto ezilishumi uDave Ramsey Aphosakeleyo. Ndiyakhuthaza nokufunda icandelo lamagqabaza ebhokisini yeblogi ukufumana izimvo ezingaphezulu kubafundi.
Ukuziphendulela: Ulwazi olukule ndawo lunikezelwa ngeenjongo zengxoxo kuphela, kwaye akufanele lichazwe ngokungeniswa njengeengcebiso zotyalo-mali. Ngaphandle kweemeko ngaba le nkcazelo ibonisa isincomo sokuthenga okanye ukuthengisa iziqinisekiso.