Iiklasi eziqhelekileyo zamashishini ziKlasi A, iCandelo B, kunye neKlasi. Icandelo ngalinye lesahlulo lifuna ulawulo kunye nemali yokusebenza, kwaye iiklasi ezininzi zokwabelana zihlawula umrhumo we-12b-1.
Imirhumo yoLawulo kunye neMali yokuSebenza
Zonke iiklasi zesebe zemali ziphethe iifizi ezihlawulelwa kwiimpahla zeengxowa-mali kumcebisi-mali we-mali (ngokuchasene nokuhlawula umcebisi othengisa i-fund). Ngamanye amazwi, abatyali-mali babona le mirhumo njengento yokunciphisa inzuzo yabo yemali ngokumalunga neendleko kwiibhanki zabo okanye kwi-statement ye-brokerage.
Imirhumo kunye neendleko ziyahluka kakhulu kwiifund ukuze zixhaswe kwaye zingabalwa ukusuka ngaphantsi kwama-10 ekhulwini ukuya kuma-2,00 ekhulwini, ngokuxhomekeke kwisitala sokutsalwa kwemali , imali- mali yemali, i-assets assets , inkampani yenkxaso-mali kunye neklasi yezabelo ze-fund.
Imali eyi-12b-1
ISigqeba se-12b-1 seSibini sigunyazisa i- fund eyodwa ukuhlawula imali kunye neentlawulo zenkonzo yabanini-mboleko kubathengi ukuze bahlawule imali yokuthengisa nokuthengisa izabelo zabo .
Igunya loLawulo lweMali yezeMali (i-FINRA) limisela ubukhulu balezi zi-12b-1 iimali eziya kuma-1,00 ekhulwini. Ezi ntlawulo zichithwe ngqo kwi-asethi yeengxowa-mali (oko kukuthi, umtyalo-mali akasayi kubona umrhumo kwiibhanki okanye kwiinkcazo zemali).
Iiklasi zeAra
Izabelo ze-Class A zineentlawulo zokuthengisa ezisekupheleni (ezibizwa nangokuthi " umthwalo ").
Umthwalo ukhokhelwa kumcebisi ngokuthenga i- fund ye-joint fund egameni labatyalomali . IKhomishoni yezoThutho kunye noTshintsho (i-SEC) ayifaki ukubeka imingcipheko ngobukhulu bemithwalo yokuthengisa ehlawulwe yikhwama, kodwa i-FINRA ibeka umda we-8.5 ekhulwini (nangona, ngokweSibini, imali ephezulu ihlawuliswe ngaphantsi kweli).
Unelungelo lokuphucula iiphulophu kwiintlawulo zokuthengisa ekupheleni kokugqibela xa uthenge inani elithile (okanye uzinikele ekutyaleni imali ethile), okanye ukuba uthenge inani elithile lemali ehlukeneyo kwiintsapho ezifanayo. Izabelo zeKlasi A, njengezo zonke iimali, zithwala iifizi zokulawula utyalo-mali ezihlawulwa kwiinkampani ze-fund ukulawula utyalo-mali. Izabelo ezininzi zeKlasi A nazo zithwala umrhumo we-12b-1 (.25 pesenti eqhelekileyo) ehlawulwa kumcebisi ngokubonelela ngenkonzo eqhubekayo.
Izabelo zeBakala B nazo zifumana iiRhafu
Izabelo zeBakala B azithwali iindleko zokuthengisa ezisekupheleni, kodwa zithwala umrhumo wokuthengisa othengisiwe (CDSC) kunye nemali ephezulu ye-12b-1 (iipesenti ezi-1 ziqhelekileyo). I-CDSC yintlawulo yokunikezelwa kwabathengi-mali ekufuneka bayithengise izabelo zabo kwingxowa-mali ngaphambi kokunikezelwa kwexesha . I-CDSC ayihlawulwa kumcebisi kodwa iyahlawulwa kwiinkampani ze-fund ukuze ihlawule iindleko zayo ezahlukeneyo.
Ezi ndleko ziquka ikhomishini yangaphambili kumcebisi (ngokuphindaphindiweyo njengama-4 ekhulwini). Kwakhona, abatyali-mali abayikubona ezi zikhundla eziphambili ezihlawulwe kumcebisi.
Ixabiso le-CDSC lichazwe kwi-prospectus yexhaswa kwaye kuxhomekeke kwithuba elide umtyalo-mali athatha ngayo izabelo. Iimali ezininzi zezabelo zeClassi yeBakala zine-CDSC eyancitshiswa ibe yi-0 ekhulwini ngonyaka wesithandathu kwaye ngonyaka wesixhenxe iguqulwa kwisabelo se-Class A (esingenayo inkokhelo yokunikezela kunye ne-12b-1).
Ngokomzekelo, ukuba uthengisa i-$ 10,000 ye-share fund ye-Class B share, i-$ 10,000 epheleleyo inotyalwe kwingxowa-mali ngokukhawuleza (ngokuchasene nesabelo se-Class A, apho inkokhelo yokuthengisa isuswa kwi-investment yakho yonke). Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uthengisa ezi zabelo kwi-fund ngunyaka wokuqala, unokuhlawulwa i-CDSC ye-5 ekhulwini ukukhulula izabelo zakho.
Izabelo zeCandelo C kunye neMali
Ngokuqhelekileyo, izabelo zeCandelo C aziphethe umthwalo ongaphambili kodwa zihlawula i-CDSC ye-1 ekhulwini ngonyaka. Izabelo zeCandelo C ngokubanzi ziphethe umrhumo we-12b-1 weepesenti eziyi-1 kwaye awuguquli kwizabelo ze-Class A (umrhumo we-12b-1 awuncishiswa).
I-Ada-Load Shares ineNtlawulo
Iingxowa zengxowa-mali zengxowa-mali eziqhelekileyo zithengiso zendabuko zenza-mali-okanye abacebisi abahlawula imali yentlawulo-mali. Akukho mithwalo ayithwali ixabiso lokuthengisa kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo ineemali eziphantsi zokulawula (kwaye akukho mrhumo we-12b-1). Funda kwakhona nge- Commingled Funds .