Iimali ezifanelekileyo zentlawulo Inkcazo, imizekelo kunye neendlela
Ngaba uyakuvuyela ukuhlawula irhafu engaphezulu kunyanzelekile? Kakade awukho! Nangona kunjalo abatyali-mali bayakwenza konke ixesha. Khawucinge nje ukubuyiswa kwenyanga kwipotifoliyo yesikhwama sokubambisana. Ukuba ungayifumana indlela yokugcina imali yakho ngokuhlawula irhafu encinane, ngaba uya kuyenza?
Kakade uya kuba! Ukungaphumeleli ukuqonda nokusebenzisa iingcamango ezisisiseko zokutyalomali zentela ziphakathi kweempembelelo ezinkulu ezenziwe ngabatyalomali. Ngoku lixesha lakho lokufunda kunye nokuba ungaphi ukusebenzisa imali efanelekileyo yerhafu ukwenzela ukuba ugcine uninzi lweqanda lakho lokutshala iindlala.
Indlela abaTyalo-mali abenza ngayo iimpazamo ezihlawuliswayo
Abanini-mali be-Mutual bahlala bedidekile xa befumana ifom ye-1099 ethi bafumana inzuzo kwizabelo okanye ukuba bafumene igalelo lentengo .
Iphutha eliphambili apha nolu luleko olulula: abatyali-mali beMatual often bajonga ukuba imali yabo ityalwe njani. Ngokomzekelo, imali edibeneyo ehlawula igalelo (kwaye ke ivelise umvuzo-mali womrhumeli) ityala imali kwiinkampani ezihlawula igalelo. Ukuba umtyalo-mali oyimali engaziwa ngokubambisana kweengxowa-mali, baya kumangaliswa yizabelo okanye iintlawulo ezinkulu ezidluliselwa kumtyalomali ngxowa-mali.
Ngamanye amazwi, i-fund ye-collective ingenza igalelo kunye neenzuzo ezinkulu ezihlawulwayo ngaphandle kolwazi lomtyalomali. Okokuba, ukufika kwe- 1099-DIV iza kwiposi.
Abanini-mali be-Mutual fund bahluleka ukucwangcisa i-akhawunti ukuba bafumane imali yabo ngokusekelwe ekusebenzeni kwentela-ingcamango nesicwangciso esibizwa ngokuba yindawo ye-aseset (kungekhona ukudideka kunye nokwabiwa kwempahla ).
Ngokomzekelo, abatyali-mali abahlawulwanga irhafu ekhoyo kwiintlawulo zengxowa-mali kunye kunye neenzuzo eziyinkunzi kwi-akhawunti ehlawulwe irhafu, efana ne-IRAs, 401 (k) kunye nezibonelelo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezi zihlawulelo kunye / okanye iimali eziyinkunzi zihlawulelwa ngokuzenzekelayo kwingxowa-mali kwaye i-fund iyaqhubeka nokwandisa irhafu-yenziwe kuze kube yilapho ihoxiswa.
Ngoko ke isifundo esiyisiseko apha kukubeka imali evelisa irhafu kwi-akhawunti ehlawulwe irhafu ukwenzela ukuba ugcine ukugcina imali yakho. Ukuba unayo iingxelo ezingenayo irhafu, efana ne-akhawunti yomthengi rhoqo, kufuneka usebenzise iimali ezixhasayo zerhafu.
Yintoni Intela-Ukuphumelela?
I-fund yokubambisana kuthiwa yenzeke ngerhafu xa ithe yahlawuliswa kwisilinganiso esezantsi ngokumalunga nezinye iimali. Iimali ezichanekileyo zentlawulo ziya kuvelisa amanqanaba athile aphantsi ahlawulelo kunye / okanye inzuzo eyinkunzi xa kuthelekiswa nengxowa-mali ephakathi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ingxowa engekho yerhafu yenze igalelo kunye / okanye i-capital gain kwizinga eliphezulu kunexabiso lezinye iimali.
Imizekelo yeNgxowa-mali efanelekileyo
Iimali eziphathekayo zerhafu zenza igalelo elincinci okanye akukho nzuzo okanye imali eyinzuzo. Ngoko ke, uya kufuna ukufumana iintlobo zeengxowa-mali ezihambelana nale ndlela ukuba ufuna ukunciphisa irhafu kwi-akhawunti ye-brokerage rhoqo (kwaye ukuba injongo yakho yokutshala-mali kukukhula -ngenayo ingeniso).
Okokuqala, unako ukuphelisa imali ephantsi kokusebenza kakuhle.
Utyalo-mali lwentengiso kwiinkampani ezinkulu, ezifana neengxowa-mali ezinkulu ze-stock stock, zivelisa igalelo ezinxulumene neemeko eziphezulu ngenxa yokuba iinkampani ezinkulu zihlala zidlula ezinye zeenzuzo zazo kunye nabalimi-mali ngendlela yezabelo. Iimali zeBond zivelisa imali engenayo kwimali efunyenwe kwii-bond bonds, ngoko-ke ayinako ukukhangela irhafu. Kufuneka kwakhona uqaphele ngeemali eziphathekayo eziphathekayo ngenxa yokuba zizama "ukubetha imarike" ngokuthenga nokuthengisa izitokisi okanye iintambo. Ngoko banako ukuvelisa i-capital income excessively ngokweqhathaniswa neengxowa-mali ezilawulwa ngokungapheliyo .
Ngako ke, imali ebenzileyo yerhafu ngokuqhelekileyo yinto ekukhuliseni ukukhula, njengemali ye-stock stock, kunye neengxowa ezilawulwa ngokungathethiyo, njengemali yenkcazo kunye ne- Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs) .
Indlela yokukwazi ukuba iNgxowa-mali i-Tax-Effective okanye ayikho
Indlela eyona ndlela ebalulekileyo yokwazi ukuba ingxowa-mali iyasebenza okanye ayinako ukuhlawulwa kwentlawulo ngokujonga iinjongo ezikhankanyweyo. Ngokomzekelo, injongo ye "Growth" ibonisa ukuba le ngxowa iya kubamba iintengiso zeenkampani ezikhulayo. Ezi nkampani ziphindaphinda zibuyisele inzuzo yazo kwinkampani-ukuze zikhule. Ukuba inkampani ifuna ukukhula, abayi kuhlawula igalelo kubatyalomali - baya kuvuselela inzuzo yabo kwinkampani. Ngako oko i-fund efanayo kunye nenjongo yokukhula yinkcitho ephezulu yerhafu ngenxa yokuba iinkampani apho imali ityala khona ihlawula encinci okanye ayikho igalelo.
Kwakhona, iimali zenkcazo kunye ne-ETF zenzeke ngempumelelo yerhafu ngenxa yokuba ubuninzi beemali zifana nokuba akukho ncinane okanye akukho nzuzo (ukuthengwa nokuthengiswa kweempahla) ezingabangela irhafu kumtyalo-mali.
Isibonelelo esinenjongo "yeNgeniso" yendalo ngokuzama ukuvelisa ingeniso kwizabelo (amasheya) okanye inzala (iibhondi) okanye zombini. Ngoko ke imali eneenjongo zokufumana ingeniso ngokuqhelekileyo yerhafu. Uhlobo oluthile lweengxowa-mboleko ezihlawula amanqanaba aphezulu enzuzo (kungekhona ukuhlawulwa kwentlawulo) yi- Real Estate Investment Trusts (i-REIT Funds), ezifunwa ngumthetho ukudlulisela imali kwi-investors.
Indlela echanekileyo kunye ethembekileyo yokwazi ukuba ingxowa-mali iyasebenza kakuhle ukusebenzisa ithuluzi lophando lwe-intanethi, njenge- Morningstar , enika izilinganiso zentsebenzo ezisisiseko okanye iirhafu zokulungiswa kweerhafu ngokuthelekiswa nezinye iimali. Uya kufuna ukukhangela ukubuya kweentlawulo ezilungelelaniso ezikufuphi "ukubuyiswa kwentlawulo yangaphambili." Oku kubonisa ukuba ukubuyiswa kwenetha lomrhwebi akuzange kususwe yerhafu.
Umzekelo weRhafu-Iimpawu zokuSebenza ngokuPhezulu
Masithi umtyalo-mali unama-akhawunti ahlukeneyo otyalo-mali: 1) I-401 (k), i-akhawunti echazwe ngerhafu kunye ne-2) I-akhawunti yomthengi ehlawulwa rhoqo, ehlawulwayo. Ukucinga ukuba umtyalomali wayefuna ngokukodwa injongo yokukhula kwithuba elide (banethuba lokufikelela kwiminyaka eyi-10 okanye ngaphezulu kwaye bafuna ukukhulisa imali yabo), baya kubamba imali encinci yerhafu kwi-401 (k) kunye neyona yerhafu -imali efanelekileyo kwi-akhawunti yabo yokuthengisa ngemali. Ngale ndlela izahlulo, inzala kunye neenzuzo ezinkulu eziveliswa yimali engasebenziyo kwi-401 (k) ayiyi kuvelisa irhafu ekhoyo yangoku kwintali-mali kunye neengxowa-mali ezifanelekileyo-ntlawulo kwi-akhawunti ye-brokerage iya kuvelisa imali encinci okanye akukho ntlawulo kumtyalo-mali.
Kwakhona, icebo lokubambisana neengxowa-mali ezingahambelani neerhafu kwi-akhawunti ehlawulwe irhafu kwaye zibambe iimali ezidibeneyo ezifanelekileyo kwi-akhawunti.
- Kwiminyaka engama-401 (k), umtyalo-mali unokubamba iimali zebhanki, imali elawulwa ngentshiseko, kunye / okanye imali kunye kunye neenjongo "zengeniso" ezichazwe.
- Kwi-akhawunti yokuthengiswa rhoqo, umtyalo-mali unako ukubamba imali ye-stock-cap, imali ye-index, ii-ETFs, kunye / okanye imali kunye kunye neenjongo zokuthi "ukukhula".
Iingcebiso eziNye kunye neMimiselo yeRhafu-UkuTyala ngokuPheleleyo
Ngesishwankathelo, injongo ephambili yomtyalomali ohlakaniphileyo kukugcina iirhafu ubuncinci kuba iirhafu zidibanisa ukubuyiswa kweentlawulo zeefowuni. Nangona kunjalo, kukho okunye okunye okungafaniyo kulo mgaqo jikelele. Ukuba umtyalo-mali unayo i-akhawunti ehlawulwe irhafu, njenge-IRAs, 401 (k) kunye / okanye i-annuities, akukho nkxalabo malunga nokusebenza kwerhafu kuba akukho zerhafu ezikhoyo ezifunekayo ngelixa ziphethe imali enye okanye zonke ezi iintlobo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umtyalo-mali unalo kuphela i-akhawunti yomrharensi ehlawuliswayo, banokuzama ukugxininisa ekubanjeni kuphela imali yeengxelo kunye ne-ETFs.
Ukuba umtyalo-mali ufuna iimali zangoku, ukuxhalaba kwabo ngempumelelo yerhafu kuyisibini kwimfuno yabo yokwenza imali. Ngako-ke lo mtyalo-mali uzakusebenzisa imali engekho ngaphantsi kweentlawulo eziphathekayo, ezifana neengxowa-mali kunye neengxowa-mali zobudlelwane, ukuzalisekisa iimfuno zabo zengeniso.
Olunye utyeshela kwimigaqo-jikelele yokusebenza kwentela ikhona kunye neengxowa-mali. Ngokomzekelo, akuzona zonke iifom ze-bond "ezingasebenzi." Umtyalo-mali ofuna ukunciphisa irhafu kodwa unenjongo yengeniso angasebenzisa iimali zebhanki zikamasipala okanye iimali zeemarike zemali zentlawulo yerhafu, ehlawula umrhumo ongenanto yerhafu yengeniso.
Ukuziphendulela: Ulwazi olukule ndawo lunikezelwa ngeenjongo zengxoxo kuphela, kwaye akufanele lichazwe ngokungeniswa njengeengcebiso zotyalo-mali. Ngaphandle kweemeko ngaba le nkcazelo ibonisa isincomo sokuthenga okanye ukuthengisa iziqinisekiso.