Kuphi Ufanele Ugcine Imali Yakho?
Uninzi lwabantu lugcina imali yabo kwi-akhawunti yokulondoloza, ngeendleko zabo zenyanga zigcinwe kwi-akhawunti yokukhangela okanye kwiibhanki ze-intanethi. Abanye abakholelwa kwiibhanki (ikakhulukazi izizukulwana ezincinci) kwaye babambelele kwimali kwiimvulophu.
Okwangoku, abaninzi abantu abaqapheli inani lezinketho ezifumanekayo ukugcina yonke imali ehleliweyo , okanye injongo ezahlukahlukeneyo iingxelo.
Siya kuhamba kwezinye iindlela ezikhethwa kakhulu xa kuziwa apho kufuneka ugcine imali yakho ukuze ukwazi ukubeka apho kubaluleke kakhulu.
Iindleko zemihla ngemihla
Xa ufuna ukufikelela kwimali yakho kwangoko kwindleko zemihla ngemihla, kulungile ukuyigcina kwi-akhawunti yakho yokujonga ukuze usebenzise ikhadi lakho lokubambisa ukuhlawula izinto. (Ngaphandle koko, unako ukuphatha imali kwaye uyigcine kwisikhwama sakho.)
Nangona kunjalo, qho qiniseka ukuba ugcine i-tampon kwi-akhawunti yakho yokukhangela ukuphepha iimali ezingaphezulu kwe-paydraft. Ngokomzekelo, usithi ukhohliwe ukuba unikwe ibhajethi yenyanga nganye ihoxiswa kwi-akhawunti yakho, kwaye uthengisa iziphumo zamasemini kwi-balance balance. Uya kutsalwa ngemali ye-overdraft, kuxhomekeke kwimigaqo yebhanki yakho.
Imfazwe yeBhanki
Awunayo i-akhawunti yebhanki okwamanje, okanye ucinga ngokutshintsha amabhanki? Abantu abaninzi abaqapheli ukuba kukho iikhothini zezikhetho xa kuziwa kumaziko obamba ngawo imali yakho, njengebhanki kunye neebhanki kwaye "amagama amakhulu" ahlala ekhumbuza.
Kukho iibhanki zoluntu, iibhanki eziku-intanethi kuphela, kunye neemanyano zesikweletu , ukubiza ezimbalwa. Ngaloo nto, kukho iingxelo zemivuzo (ngokukhuthaza), ii-akhawunti eziphezulu, kunye nokunye.
Ngeendlela ezininzi, kunokuba kunzima ukukhetha, ngoko nantsi into efunekayo ukugcina engqondweni: ukhethe ibhanki kunye nemali encinci yemirhumo.
Akufanele uhlawule iimali zondlovu zenyanga kwibhanki ukuze ugcine imali yakho apho.
Ngokuqhelekileyo kuninzi, iibhanki ze-intanethi kuphela, iibhanki zoluntu, kunye neemanyano zentengo zemali zinenani lemali. Iibhanki ze-Intanethi zineentloko eziphantsi ngenxa yokuba azikho indawo eziphathekayo, kwaye zikulungele kakhulu. Iibhanki zoluntu kunye neemanyano zeentengo zemali zijoliswe kubantu abakhonzayo kwaye zithandeka kakhulu kwiirhafu nemirhumo.
Ngelishwa, kunye nawaphi na amagama amakhulu apha, uya kujongana nokubulawa kweemali, ubuncinci kunye neemfuno. Ibhanki kufuneka ibe lula, ngoko funda ukushicilela okulungileyo kuqala.
YeNgxowa-mali
Uninzi lwabantu lugcina i- fund yabo yexakeka ngokukhawulelana kunye ne-savings yabo jikelele , kodwa le nto ingaba yimpazamo, kuxhomekeke ekubeni unako ukuzilawula.
Imali engxamisekileyo kufuneka ifumaneke kuphela xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo . Ingxaki kukuba wonke umntu unenkcazelo eyahlukileyo yintoni eyenza imeko engxamisekileyo. Uninzi lweengcali zithi iimali ezixakeka ngokukhawuleza zizinto ezingenakuzilindela ngaphambili kwexesha , okanye kwiimeko ezinzima, njengokulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi. Ngoko ke, ufuna ukuthenga iimpahla ezintsha, kodwa ungenayo imali eyaneleyo kwi-akhawunti yakho yasebhanki, akuyona ingxamiseko.
Akusiyo isidingo okanye kubalulekile ekusindeni.
Ukuba awukwazi ukuzithemba ngokwakho ukushiya isikhwama sakho esingxamisekileyo uze ufune oko, ngoko kufuneka uvula i-akhawunti yokugcina kwiziko elihlukile kwi-akhawunti yakho yokugcina imali.
Ngoba? Ngenxa yokuba amanqanaba amaninzi ofuna ukuwafumana ukufikelela kwimali, akunakwenzeka ukuba uzame ukuwasebenzisa xa ungafaneleki.
Inketho ibeka i-akhawunti yokugcina i-intanethi kuphela. Ngokuqhelekileyo zihamba ngokukhawuleza kwaye kulula ukuvula kwaye akufuneki ukuya kwisebe. Ngaphezulu, awusoze ulingeke ukuba uhambe kwi-ATM ukuze uhoxise imali, kodwa unokutshintsha imali yakho xa ifunekayo.
Iinjongo zokugcina ixesha elide
Ngoko, kuthekani malunga neenjongo zokulondoloza eziza kuthatha iminyaka emithathu ukuya kwemihlanu, okanye ngaphezulu, ukufeza?
Unokufuna ukuvula ii-akhawunti ezingezantsi zokugcina imali nganye kwezi.
Iyiphi i-akhawunti yokugcina imali? Ezinye iibhanki zikuvumela ukuba uvule i-akhawunti eyodwa yokugcina imali , kunye neengxelo "ezincinci" ezixhunywe kuyo. Ngoko ungasebenzisa i-akhawunti yakho yokugcina imali kwixesha elifutshane lokulondoloza, kwaye uvula ii-akhawunti ezingezantsi ngezinto ezifana nokuhamba, ikhompyutha entsha, imoto entsha, njl.
Kungaba bubulumko ukuhlula iinjongo zakho zokugcina. Ukuba unayo i-akhawunti eyodwa yokugcina imali engama-20,000, kodwa uyasindisa umtshato , ukuhlawula kwimoto, kunye nekhefu, wenza ntoni? Unokufumana kunzima ukubeka phambili phambili iinjongo zakho.
Ukuba neeakhawunti ezahlukileyo ezijoliswe ngqo kwiinjongo nganye kwenza kube lula ukuxelela xa ufikelele kuzo, kwaye ukuthabatha imali akuphazamisi nezinye iinjongo. Ngoko umzekelo, mahlule i $ 20,000. Unayo i-$ 10,000 kwi-akhawunti yakho yomtshato, i-$ 7,000 kwi-"yakho yemoto yokuhlawula" i-akhawunti kunye ne-$ 3,000 kwiakhawunti yakho "yeholide".
Injongo yakho nganye i $ 20,000, i-$ 10,000, kunye ne-$ 3,000 ngokulandelanayo. Uyabona ukuba uthinte iinjongo zakho zokulondoloza iholide, ngoko uguqula imali owawuyilondolozayo kwiholide yakho kwi-car yakho phantsi kwe-akhawunti yentlawulo kwaye uqale uceba uhambo lwakho.
Ukuba unayo imali yokuqala ye-$ 20,000 kwi-akhawunti yakho, mhlawumbi unganqikaza ukuhoxisa nayiphi na ikhefu lakho njengoko usebenza kwezinye iinjongo ezimbini ezibalulekileyo.
Iibhanki ezininzi, ngokukodwa ibhanki ye-intanethi, ziya kukuvumela ukuba uvule inani elingenamkhawulo lwee-akhawunti zokugcina imali. Ukusuka apho, unokusekela ngokuzenzekelayo ukudluliselwa kwi- akhawunti yakho yokujonga kwii-akhawunti ezilondoloziweyo .
Ukulondolozwa kwexesha eliphakathi
Asinakuthetha ngokulondoloza iinjongo apha. Kunoko, oku kukhethwa ngabo banesabelo semali esilungileyo, kodwa abajonge ukutyalombela ixesha elide (iminyaka emihlanu).
Ukuba ukhangele indawo yokubeka imali yakho kwiminyaka embalwa, iiAkhawunti zeMarike zeMali kunye neeCD (iSatifikethi seDiskithi ) sinokuphendula yakho. Ezi akhawunti zokulondoloza kufuneka zibe neerhafu eziphezulu ngaphezu kwee-akhawunti zokugcina.
Ukuba ukhetha ukuvula i-Akhawunti yeMarike yeMali okanye i-CD, kukho izinto ezimbalwa omele uziqonde ngaphambili. Iimali zeeNkcazo zeMali zifana ne-hybrid ye-akhawunti yokujonga nokugcina imali, njengoko unokubhala inani elithile elichanekileyo lokuhlola. Iimali zeeNkcazo zeMarike zitshala imali kwii-securities, ngokungafani ne-akhawunti yokulondoloza rhoqo, kungenxa yoko unako ukufumana amazinga enzala engcono.
Ii-CD zihlukileyo kuba ziye zahlenga imihla yokukhula, ithetha xa uvula enye, kuya kufuneka ugcine imali yakho apho ngenani elithile lexesha. Ngaloo ndlela, ukuba ufuna ukukhipha imali ngaphandle kokuba i-CD ikhule, uya kujongana nesigwebo sokususa. Isixa sentyala sixhomekeke kwimimiselo yeCD. Ngaloo nto, ii-CD ayinayo ingcamango efanelekileyo yengxowa-mali ngenxa yokuba ufuna ukuba imali ifikeleleke ngaphandle kwesihlomelo xa uyayidinga.
Ezi zombini zale akhawunti zingadinga ukulinganisela kokuvula okuphezulu ngaphezu kwee-akhawunti zokulondoloza rhoqo. Umzekelo, unokufuna ukuba ne-$ 10,000 ukufaka kwi-akhawunti xa ivuliwe, kanti ezinye i-akhawunti yokulondoloza ingavulelwa kunye ne-$ 10.
UkuLondolozwa koMhlalaphantsi
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba uphi emsebenzini wakho, kufuneka ulondoloze umhlala-phantsi kuqala. Ukusekwa ngokuzenzekelayo kwi-paycheck yakho enye yeendlela ezilula ukukwenza oku. Ukuba usebenza ngokuzimeleyo, jonga kwii-IRA ze-SEP.
Nangona ungeke ufumane imali engakhohlisiyo, kufuneka uvumeleke ukuvula i-IRA, ebalulekileyo ukuba umqeshi wakho akanikeli 401 (k). Imali ayikwazi ukurhoxiswa kwi-IRA ngaphandle kwesigwebo kuze kube yilapho ufikelela kwiminyaka engama-59 nesiqingatha, ngaphandle kokuba kube yimeko ekhethekileyo, njengokuthenga indlu yakho yokuqala. Ungakwazi kwakhona ukurhoxisa iminikelo oyenzile kwiRoth IRA ngaphandle kwesigwebo.
401 (k) zifana nokuba uya kuhlangabezana neentlawulo zokurhoxiswa kwangaphambili, kodwa into enhle malunga ne-401 (k) ngumqeshi wakho unokunikela ukuba ahambelane negalelo lakho ukuya kwisixa esithile. Iingcebiso zezemali eziqhelekileyo zithi zenze igalelo ukuya kumdlalo, kwaye kuxhomekeke ekubuyiseni kwakho okungaphezulu kwama-401 (k) okuvelisa, unokufuna ukufaka isandla kwi-IRA (ekubeni unakho ulawulo oluninzi kunye nokuguquguquka kwemali).
Ukulondoloza Imfundo
Ngaba ufuna ukuhlawula imfundo yomntwana wakho? Emva koko cinga ngokuvula iPlani ye-Savings ye-529 , njengoko le akhawunti ngokukhethekileyo igcina imfundo yomntu othile. Ungawuvula kuyo nayiphi na inzuzo - kungekhona nje umntwana wakho, kodwa umzukulu, umhlobo okanye isihlobo.
Ukuba ugcine imali kwi-akhawunti yokugcinwa rhoqo, oko kungenako okwaneleyo ukunqoba ukunyuka kwamaxabiso. Ukuba umntwana wakho usemncinci kwaye usenendlela ende yokuhamba phambi kwekholeji, iindleko zezifundo ziya kuphakama, kwaye ufuna ukubeka imali yakho kwindawo ethile engakwazi ukuqhubekayo, kunye neenzuzo zerhafu ezi-529 zibaluleke kakhulu.
529 Izicwangciso zixhaswa ngamanye amazwe okanye i-arhente karhulumente kwaye ingavulelwa ngamaziko emali. Uya kufumana iintlobo ezimbini zezicwangciso: ukuhlawulwa kwangaphambili, kunye nokonga. Ezinye iingcali zincoma malunga nezicwangciso ezihlawulwe ngaphambi kwezizathu, ngoko qi ni sekise ukwenza uphando ngaphambi kokugqiba oko kukulungele.
Nawe awuphelelanga kwisiCwangciso sakho se-529 sobume, ngoko kubalulekile ukuthenga ngeenxa zonke uze uqhathanise iimali kunye nokusebenza kwembali yeemali ezahlukileyo. Ezinye iindawo zikhuthaza, kwaye iiplani ezingama-529 zineenzuzo ezininzi zerhafu.
Gcina Imali Yakho
Njengoko ubona, kuninzi ukukhetha xa kuziwa apho kufuneka ugcine imali yakho. Awudingi iitoni zeeakhawunti ezahlukeneyo, kodwa qinisekisa ukuba iakhawunti onayo idibene neemfuno zakho zemali.