Ukulinganisa i-Enzyme Kinetics
Njengemvelaphi emfutshane, i- enzyme iiprotheni ezisebenza njengezinto zokunciphisa ukunciphisa inani lokusebenza kwamandla ukuze kuthathwe impendulo. Amandla okusebenza ngumbane ofunekayo ukufumana impendulo "yaqala" kuba ukusabela okungazange kwenzeke ngokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza (okanye kwenzeke nantoni na) ukuba ziyakwazi ukuthatha i-thermodynamically.
Ii-enzymes zenza ukuba kubekho isenzo esithile kwiziko elithile (elibizwa ngokuba yi-site esebenzayo) apho i-reactants zibopha kwaye zenza ntoni ekuveliseni iimveliso. Izantsi zineendawo ezisebenzayo ezicacileyo kubo kuphela ukuze kungabikho ezinye izinto ezibophayo okanye ezenziweyo kwisayithi enye. Njengokhiye kunye nencoko, i-enzyme nganye iya kubangela ukuphendulwa komnye kuphela (kunye nezinye izinto).
Umsebenzi othe ngqo usetyenziswe kwiindlela zokunqandwa kwamaprotheni ukubonisa ipesenti yokuhlanjululwa. Kubalulekile ukwazi le yunithi xa uthengeza i-enzyme ukubonisa ngokuthe ngqo ukuba uninzi lwe-enzyme ecocekileyo ufumana.
Xa ulinganisa i-enzyme kinetics (isantya sokuphendulwa kwe-enzyme ene-substrate-okanye umphezulu), umsebenzi othile uchazwa njengomlinganiselo we-substrate i-enzyme iyaguqula (iziphumo ezithintekayo), nganye ngeprotein yamalungiselelo e-enzyme, ngeyunithi yexesha.
Umzekelo womsebenzi othile uza kuba:
- Umsebenzi othile we-enzyme ekhethiweyo yalinganiselwa kwi-150 umoles / min / mg protein phambi kokucoca kunye ne-800 umoles / min / mg, emva kokuhlanjululwa.
Umsebenzi othe ngqo ngumlinganiselo obalulekileyo wokuhlanzeka kwe-enzyme. Iibhentshi ezahlukeneyo ze-enzyme ecocekileyo kufuneka zibe neengcamango ezifanayo kunye nokuhlaziya isisombululo se-enzyme maxesha amaninzi ziya kuba nemilinganiselo ethile yokusebenza nangona kuya kuba nemilinganiselo yokusebenza ye-enzyme. Kungenxa yokuba ekubaleni umsebenzi othile, i-numerator (iiyunithi / ml) kunye ne-denominator (mg / ml) zichaphazeleka ngokulinganayo.
Umsebenzi ocacileyo uhlukile kakhulu kumsebenzi, kodwa ukubalwa kwemisebenzi ethile kusekho kuxhomekeke kwintengo yomsebenzi. Oku kuthetha ukuba ixabiso elithile elithile elichaziweyo liyakuxhomekeke kwinkcazelo yunithi ye-enzyme.
Amathambo ama-enzyme anexabiso elingaphantsi kokulindelekileyo lento enokuthi iqulethe i-enzyme molecules eziye zatshintshwa okanye zixutywe kunye nokungcola.
Izinto ezichaphazela umsebenzi we-Enzyme
Kungenzeka ukuba enye i-enzyme ingaba nemilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo yemisebenzi xa ilinganiswa kumalabhu ahlukeneyo (oko kukuthi, ukungafani okwenene kumsebenzi olinganisweyo, akubonakali ukungafani okubangelwa kukusetyenziswa kweenkcazelo ezahlukeneyo zeyunithi).
Indlela eyahlolwa ngayo (indlela yokuvavanya ukucacisa ukuhlanzeka kwee-enzymes) iya kuba nefuthe kwiimpawu zengxelo ezixeliweyo. Ngokomzekelo, i-enzyme ngokubanzi isebenzayo phakathi kwamaqondo okushisa ama-37 degrees Celsius xa kuthelekiswa nama-degrees Celsius angama-20, ngoko ke ukuba i-esayili iqhutyelwa kuma-degrees Celsius angama-21, ixabiso liya kuhluka kwiimvavanyo eziqhutywe kwiqondo lokushisa lika-32 degrees Celsius (ngokuqhelekileyo , iifayili zenziwa kwiqondo lokushisa phakathi kwama-20-37 degrees Celsius).
Ngaloo ndlela, inkcazo yeyunithi ye-enzyme yayiza kubonakaliswa kangcono njengeyunithi ye-1 (U) yintsimi ye-enzyme eyenza i-reaction ye-1 nmol ye-substrate nganye ngomzuzu phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo.