I-Annealing kwi-metallurgy kunye nezixhobo zenzululwazi yinyango yokushisa eguqula izixhobo zenyama kunye nezinye izixhobo zonyango ukuze zandise ubuncwane bayo kwaye zinciphise ubunzima bayo. Xa kufakwa, ii-athomu zifuduka kwi-crystal lattice kunye nenani lokutshintshwa kwehla liyehla, okukhokelela ekutshintsheni kwenzululwazi nobunzima. Le nkqubo yenza kube lula kakhulu. Ngokwenzululwazi, i-annealing isetyenziselwa ukuzisa isinyithi esondelene nombuso wayo wokulingana.
Kwimeko yayo yokufudumala, ithambileyo, i-microstructure efanayo yensimbi iya kuvumela ukuba kubekho ubuchule obuhle kunye nokusebenza. Ukuze wenze i-anneal epheleleyo kwisinyithi esineensimbi, izinto kufuneka zifudumale ngaphezu kobushushu obuphezulu obude obude ngokwaneleyo ukuguqula ngokupheleleyo i-microstructure kwi-austenite.
Isinyithi kufuneka sitshatywe ngokukhawuleza, ngokuqhelekileyo ngokuyivumela ukuba ipholise esithandweni, ukwenzela ukuba ivumele inguqu ephezulu ye-ferrite ne-pearlite.
Ziziphi iziphumo ze-Annealing?
Ukuqhawula ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa ngokubanzi uku:
- Yenza isinyithi sisebenze ngokubanda
- Ukuphucula ubuchule
- Ukuphucula ukuqhuba kombane
UkuSebenza kunye noCold Work
Enye yezona zinto ezisetyenziswayo ngokuyinxalenye yokuhlonyelwa kukubuyisela inkunkuma. Ngethuba lokusebenza kubanda, isinyithi sinokuqineka kunokuba usebenze kangcono emsebenzini oza kubangela ukuphazamiseka. Ngokuqhawula isinyithi kwangaphambili, ukusebenza okubanda kunokuthi kwenzeke ngaphandle kwengozi yokuphazamiseka. Kungenxa yokuba ukutshintshwa kukhulula uxinzelelo olusetyenziswayo ngexesha lokuchonga okanye ukugaya.
Inkqubo yokuHlanganisa
Amaziko amakhulu asetyenziselwa inkqubo yohlenga. Ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kwe-oven kufuneka kube mkhulu ngokwaneleyo ukuvumela umoya ukuba ujikeleze isiqulatho sesinyithi. Kwiindawo ezinkulu, igesi igxothiswe ngamatye asetyenziswayo ngelixa i-car-bottom furnaces iyasebenza kakhulu kwiincinci zetsimbi. Ngethuba lenkqubo yokulanda, isitye sitshiswa kwiqondo lokushisa elithile apho kuqhutyelwa khona i-recrystallization.
Kule nqanaba, naziphi na iziphene ezibangelwa ukuchithwa kwesinyithi zingalungiswa. Isinyithi siqhutywe kwiqondo lokushisa ixesha elithile elide liye lacoca kuze kube sebushushu bombane. Inkqubo yokupholisa kufuneka yenziwe ngokukhawuleza ukwenzela ukuvelisa i-microstructure ecocekileyo. Oku kwenziwa ukwenzela ukwandisa ubumnandi kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo kwenziwa ngokufakela izinto ezitshisayo kwisanti, umlotha, okanye enye into eqhuba ukushisa okuphantsi. Ngaphandle koko, unokuyenza ngokutshintsha i-oven kwaye uvumele isinyithi ukupholisa ngesithandweni somlilo.
Ukuphatha i-Brass, iSiliva, kunye ne-Cooper
Ezinye izinyithi ezinjengobhedu, isilivere kunye nobhedu zinokuthi zihluthwe ngokupheleleyo kwinkqubo enye kodwa inokukhutshwa ngokukhawuleza, nokuba amanzi acime , ukugqiba umjikelo. Kule meko, le nkqubo yenziwa ngokushushumbisa impahla (ngokukhawuleza ide ikhanyise) kwithuba elithile kwaye ngokukhawuleza likuvumela ukuba lipholile kwindawo yokushisa kwimoya. I-Copper, isilivere kunye nobhedu inokukhutshwa ngokukhawuleza emoyeni, okanye ngokukhawuleza ngokucima emanzini, njengemithambo enqabileyo, njengensimbi, ekufuneka ihluthe ngokukhawuleza ukuyifaka. Ngale ndlela, izitye zincinciwe kwaye zilungiselelwe umsebenzi oqhubekayo, ezifana nokufakela, ukupakisha okanye ukwenza.
Ezinye iifom zokufakelwa zibandakanya inkqubo yokuncedisa, ukulungelelanisa , kunye nokuxhaswa koxinzelelo.