Isikhathi sobondlo sisiza Ukuvavanya i-Bond's Volatility and Risk
Kwaye ukusebenzisa kakuhle ixesha lokutshala imali kwiimbopheleleko, akudingeki ukubala - ufuna ukuyiqonda loo nto. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphambi kokuba uxoxe ngexesha elongezelelweyo, qwalasela elinye ixesha elixhomekeke kwiibhondi ezinxulumene nobude: ixabiso langoku.
Yiyiphi ixabiso langoku?
Ixabiso langoku oko kukutsalwa kwe-investment ngexesha lovavanyo. Iqhathaniswa nexabiso lokuba utyalo-mali lungaba nalo ngexesha elizayo emva kokuba lizuze kwi -interest component . Ivuma ukuba abatyali-mali bahlaziye ixabiso elizayo lokutyalomali. Nangona iminyaka elishumi ukususela ngoku isixa-mali esisetyenzisiweyo kwi-6 ekhulwini ngonyaka, siya kuba nexabiso elingakumbi kunotyalo-mali lokuqala, abatyali-mali babeka isaphulelo kwimali ezuzwe kwixesha elizayo. Ingcamango eyisiseko kukuba imali efunyenwe ngonyaka ozayo ixabiso elingaphantsi kwemali esesandleni ngoku kunye nemali efunyenwe kunyaka emva kokuba kungafanelekile. Yiyiphi na oyithandayo: i-$ 100 ephaketheni lakho ngoku okanye isithembiso se-$ 100 oyifumana kwiminyaka emithathu?
Ekuhloleni ukuba imali ezayo izayo, abatyali-mali bazisebenzisa " izinga lokunciphisa " - ngokuqhelekileyo amazinga omyinge. Kuluhlu lweentlawulo zemali - njengabalimi-mali abafumana kwi-bond-oku kwenza umnini-mali ukuba abeke ixabiso kwiintlawulo zekhemithi azifumanayo. Ukuphakama kwezinga lokunciphisa, ngaphantsi kwexesha elizayo ukuhamba kwemali kuyakufaneleka.
Ixabiso eliphantsi lezinga lokunciphisa, ixabiso elikhulu kakhulu e.
Kuphi ixesha?
Kubatyalomali ngabanye, ubude busetyenziswa ngokuyinxalenye njengomlinganiselo wentswelo yebhondi kwi-interest rates. Kuchazwe njengomyinge olinganisiweyo weentlawulo umtyalomali uza kufumana ixesha elide, athathwe kwixabiso elikhoyo langoku.
Isikhathi, esichazwe kwiminyaka, silinganisa indlela intengo yebhondi eya kuphakama ngayo okanye iyawa xa amazinga omyinge atshintsha. Sekude ixesha, ubuninzi bobukhulu bentengo kumashishini etshintsha utshintsho. Ukususela kulo, unokugqiba, zonke izinto ezilinganayo, ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba uthenge ubophelelo lweminyaka engama-30, ubude bayo bubukhulu, kwaye ubugqwetha bufikelela ekuvuthweni ixesha lokuwa kwalo. Ngokufanayo, izibophelelo zexesha elifutshane zinexesha lokuqala - ukubonakalisa ukutshintsha kwezinga lomyinge - elingaphantsi kwexesha elide lokubambisa iimbophelelo zexesha elide. Ixesha elide, ke, lithetha ngokuthe tye .
Impembelelo yexesha kwiNgxowa-mali yeBond
Isikhathi, esichazwe kwiminyaka, lixesha abaza kuhlangana ngayo abatyalo-mali xa bevavanya imali-mali. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abaphathi bezezimali baya kuthi iphothifoliyo yabo " yongaphezu komzimba " okanye "ixesha elide", elithetha ukuba ixesha labo liphezulu kunelophawu lokubeka imali.
Ngaphandle koko, iphothifoliyo ingaba "ngaphantsi komzimba" okanye "ixesha elifutshane".
Ixesha elichaphazelayo lichaphazela ukusebenza ngokuhambelana nemali yebhanki okanye iipotifoliyo zeebhondi. Iphothifoliyo kunye nobude obuphezulu ngaphezu kwebhenkimenti yayo ilindeleke ukuba ikhuphe umgangatho wokuba ixabiso liwela, kwaye ngaphantsi kokuba amazinga ekhulayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iphothifoliyo enexesha elingezantsi-bhenkmark liza kufakwa ngokugqithiseleyo xa amaxabiso ekhulayo , kwaye ngaphantsi xa amaxabiso awela . Kwakhona, oku kungumlinganiselo othile wokungabi nantoni kwaye, ngenxa yoko, umngcipheko, kodwa awunjalo kuphela.
Ezinye izinto zichaphazela ukusebenza kwesikhothifoliyo; Okubaluleke kakhulu, amacandelo athile eemarike apho ityalomali - ixesha lokubambisa iifom zecreditary junk liza kudlula ixesha leemali zengxowa-mali kunye nezikolo ezifanayo. Qaphela kwakhona, ukuba ixesha kufuneka lijongwe njengesicacisi ngaphezu kwesigxina esigxina sesicwangciso-mali.
Kubaphathi beengxowa-mali ezilawulwa ngokunyanisekileyo, ubude bujoliswe kuko. Abanye abaphathi baya kutshintsha ngokunyanisekileyo iiphothifoliyo zabo ezijoliswe ekujoliswe kuyo ekuphenduleni ukuphuhlisa iimakethi. Uphuhliso kwimarike. Ngenxa yoko, nayiphi na inombolo yenani ukusuka kumthombo wamhla - njengengxelo ye-Morningstar okanye ingxelo yonyaka yengxowa-mali ifanele ithathwe njengesiqulatho ngaphandle kwesigxina esisigxina sesicwangciso-mali.
Ukwahlukana xa i-fund inegunya elithile lokutyalomali ngokubeka indawo ethile. Ngokomzekelo, iimali ezininzi kunye nemali yokuthengiselana iqulethe "ixesha elide" okanye "ixesha elifutshane" kwizihloko zabo. Ngako-ke, abatyalo-mali kufuneka baqaphele ingozi yokuhlawula imali okanye imali yokuhlawula imali leyo kunokuba basebenzise ukusebenza kwabo kwangaphambili njengendlela yokulinganisa umgangatho. "Imfutshane emfutshane" imali ingalindelwa ukuba ibe ngumngcipheko omncinci / isivuno esincinane, ngelixa ixesha elide ixesha lemali lihlala libeka umngcipheko ophezulu kunye nezivuno eziphezulu.
Kubatyalomali, ukuthabatha okokuba ixesha elide - ngelixa elinye lezinto ezininzi ezinokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwesikhothifoliyo engenayo-engumntu ofuna ukuba ingqalelo kuba yinto enye ebaluleke kakhulu kwiprofayili yengozi ye-investment bond. o no kucinga.