Isikhokelo seNkulumbuso yeNkulumbuso yangoku, i-Federal Funds Rate, kunye neRhafu yeRhafu
I-Prime Prime Current
Umthombo omkhulu wokudideka malunga ne- Federal Reserve (aka "Fed") kunye nemilinganiselo yemingcipheko, inokuthi yintoni na isantya esithetha ngazo.
Kukho ngokwenene imilinganiselo emithathu e-US eqhuba yonke into, ukusuka kwi-bond bond ukuya kumaxabiso ekhredithi yekhadi lesikweletu. Kule ndawo, i-Federal Reserve ilawula kuphela ezimbini (i-Federal Funds Rate kunye ne-Discount Rate).
Ireyithi lesithathu, ebizwa ngokuba yi- Prime Rate , isantya apho abaninzi abantu bakholelwa ngokukhohlakeleyo ukuba utshintsho lweFed. Enyanisweni, eli lizinga elinye iFed ayinakho ukulawula ngqo. Okumangalisa ngakumbi kubahlawuli-mali abaninzi kukuba igama elithi "intlawulo yokuqala" ayibhekiseli kwinqanaba elinye. Eli gama libhekiselele kwiibhanki zerhafu zinika abathengi babo abalungileyo ngokuboleka imali. Eli nqanaba linokuthi litshintshe kancane ukusuka kwibhankini ukuya kwi-bhanki kwaye lingahle litshintshe ngokukodwa njengoko iFed ishintsha ezinye iindidi ezimbini zeerhafu.
Nangona isantya sokuqala samanje sisuka kwi-bhanki ukuya kwi-bhanki, uya kubakho ukubona kuphela inani elilodwa lokubala elibhalwe kwiphepha. Ngokuqhelekileyo, eli nqanaba liyi-Wall Street Journal Prime Rate, ekubhekiselelwe ukuba imele zonke iirhafu zebhanki nganye nawuphi na umhla.
Le nani yile nxu lumene ngqo nomyinge ohlawula imoto, ikhaya, okanye umboleko wekhadi lesikweletu.
Isilinganiselo seFederal Funds
Isilinganiselo se-Federal Funds, esaziwa ngokuba yi-Overnight Rate, isantya apho amabhanki atyala imali yawo kwi-Federal Reserve komnye nomnye. Isizathu sokuba iFed iququzelele le mboleko kukunceda amabhanki ahlangabezane neemfuno zabo zokugcina iimfuno.
Ngokuvumela iibhanki zibolekele omnye nomnye, i-Fed iphinde inike ithuba lokufumana ibhanki eneentsikelelo ukwenzela ukuba ikhuphe ukubuyela kwabo kwiimali zabo.
I-Federal Discount Rate
I-Federal Discount Rate iyinqanaba apho amabhanki anokuboleka ngqo kwi-Federal Reserve (ngokuchasene nokuboleka komnye nomnye). Eli nqanaba liphezulu kuneSahlulo seFunds yeFund kusukela iFed ifuna ukukhuthaza iibhanki ukuba zibolekane ngaphambi kokuba ziboleke kwi-Federal Reserve.
Iimpembelelo eziPhakamileyo zoLungiso lweMali
Nangona iziphumo ezipheleleyo zohlengahlengiso lwesantya (ngokuqhelekileyo zenziwe kwi-increments-quarter percent) zingaphaya kweli nqaku, umphumo wenetha ulula. Xa i-Federal Reserve iyanciphisa amaxabiso omyinge, yenza ukuba ibe yincinci kwiibhanki ukuboleka imali kubaxumi babo ngelixa iphinde iqhube ixabiso lentengo kwi-akhawunti yemarike yemali kunye ne-bond bond okanye ii-CD. Ngaloo ndlela, ngokuqhelekileyo iqhuba imali kwimakethe yemasheya kwaye yenza imiba ekhonjiweyo ikhona.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, xa i-Federal Reserve iphakamisa amaxabiso, yenza kube nzima ukuba amabhanki akhokhe imali kubathengi ukuba bachithe kwezoqoqosho, kwakunye nokunyusa imali kwimarike kunye namazinga omtshato omtsha. Kananjalo, ubeka uxinzelelo oluphantsi kweemarike zentengiso kunye nezibophelelo ezikhoyo.
IziTshintsho ze-Federal Reserve kunye neKholeji yakho yeKholeji
Ukuba usanda kufaka iikholeji zakho kwixesha elifutshane, utyalo-mali obuncipheko obuncitshisiweyo, ukugawulwa kwezinga kuya kunciphisa izinga lakho lokubuyela, kodwa mhlawumbi lingalimazi utyalo-mali lwakho lwangaphambili. Ukuba utyalo-mali lwangexesha elide, isinqunyiweyo semilinganiselo iya kuba negalelo ekuzinzeni okanye ukunyuka kwexabiso.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abazali abasandul 'ukutshala imali kwabo kutshatyalalwano lwexesha elifutshane baya kuzuza ngokuncinane kwinqanaba lokunyuka. Abazali abasandul 'utyalomali kwiibhondi zexesha elide okanye iifowuni baya kuba neengcinezelo eziphantsi kunye nomngcipheko ophezulu wokulahlekelwa ezinye zezolimo zabo zangaphambili xa kufuneka bathengise ngokukhawuleza.