Iindlela ezimbini zokuhamba ngeeNdleko eziPhambili zeNdleko
Iibhanki zibeka isiseko sokubaluleka kwizinga leemali zedolophu . Leyo ntlawulo ibhanki ihlawulana ngokukhethekileyo kwiimali-mboleko zobusuku. Bboleka imali eyondla komnye nomnye ukufezekisa iimfuno zokugcina iimfuno ze -Fed.
Amabhanki aphakamisa izinga lokuqala xa iKomidi ye - Federal Open Market ikhiphe isantya senzala ye-Federal Reserve kwi-1,75 pesenti. Ireyithi yokubaluleka ngokuqhelekileyo yimizuzu engama-0.5 ngaphezu kwexabiso lemali elondliwe. Ngokomzekelo, ngoJuni 14, 2017, iFed yenyusa izinga layo kwi-1,25 pesenti. Kwiiyure ezimbalwa kamva, i-US Bancorp iphakanyise umyinge wokuba ngowama-4.25 ekhulwini.
Izindlela ezimbini I-Prime Prime Ichaphazela
Iingxowa-mali zezona mabhanki amanqanaba amaninzi kwi-prime. Oku kuquka ukuboleka kwemali-mboleko yemali , iimali-mboleko zemali -mboleko , kunye namanani ekhadi lesikweletu . Oko kuthetha ukuba inkokhelo yakho yenyanga yenyuka kunye ne-prime. Ngoko ke, qwa lasela ukuba uva i-Fed iphakamisa izinga lokunyusa imali. Kuthetha ukuba iindleko zakho ziza kunyuka.
Amabhanki asekela ezi zireyithi kwizinga lokuqala, kodwa izinga liphezulu. Kungenxa yokuba iibhanki zinomngcipheko omkhulu. Kufuneka bahlawulele ilahleko zabo kwimboleko engazange ihlawulwe. Iimboleko zemali ephezulu kakhulu zikarhulumente.
Yingakho loo maxabiso aphezulu kakhulu kunokuba yiphambili.
Ixabiso lokuqala lichaphazela ukuthengiswa kwemali kwiimarike zemali . Ixabiso elincinci landa ukwanda kwemali ngokwenza imali-mboleko engabizi kakhulu kwaye ngoko ke kulula ukuyifumana. Xa ixabiso lokubolekisa phambili liphantsi, amashishini akwandisa kunye noqoqosho. Ngokufanayo, xa amazinga aphakamileyo, i-liquidity isela, kwaye uqoqosho luyancipha.
I-Prime Rate vs. Libor
Azikho zonke iibhanki ezisezantsi esinye isabelo somyinge kwisilinganiso sokuqala. Iibhanki zamazwe ngamazwe kunye neebhanki ezinkulu kunye nabathengi abaninzi bangaphandle basebenzise uLibor . Leyo yi-London InterBank Offer Rate. Ixabiso lebhanki lihlawulana ngemali-mboleko yesikhashana.
Imilinganiselo yeemali ezondliwe, iLibor, kunye nezinga lokubaluleka ngokuqhelekileyo lihamba ngesigxina. Ixabiso lokuqala liqhelekile malunga neepalati eziyi-1.5 ngaphaya kweLibor. Ngokuqhelekileyo zimbalwa zeeshumi zengongoma ngaphezulu kwezinga lokuxhaswa kwemali.
Xa amaxabiso ahambelani kunye, oko kubonisa ukuba kukho into engalunganga kakhulu kwiimarike zemali. Ngokomzekelo, ngoSeptemba 2007, i-Fed iyanciphisa isantya semali yayo phantsi kwesiqingatha sephuzu. ULibor akazange agqithise. Amabhanki ayesaba ukufumana ityala lokubambisa i-subprime njengento yokubambisana. Babugcina iLibor ephakamileyo ukukhupha le mngcipheko. Amabhanki ayesaba kakhulu ukuboleka omnye nomnye ukuba baqhubeka bephakamisa iLibor njengoko ixabiso lokuqala lawa.
Xa i-Fed iyanciphisa isantya sayo somyinge ukusuka kwi-5.25 yeepesenti ukuya kwi-4.75 ekhulwini ngoSeptemba 18, 2007, izinga le-prime liye lahla, ukusuka kwi-8.25 yepesenti ukuya kuma-7.75 ekhulwini. ULibor wenyuka ukusuka kuma-5.5% ukuya kuma-5.6 ekhulwini. Njengoko i-Fed yaqhubeka nokunciphisa izinga, i-prime nayo yawa. ILibor yahlaselwa phezulu. Oku kubonise izinga eliphezulu lokwesaba okungenangqiqo phakathi kweebhanki.
(Umthombo: "I-Prime Prior Rate," JPMorgan Chase.)
Ngo-Oktobha 8, 2008, xa i-Fed iyanciphisa isantya sayo kuma-1.5 ekhulwini, izinga lokuqala liye lahla kuma-4.5 ekhulwini. Ngokungathandabuzekiyo, kwakungekho ngaphaya kweLibor, enyanzelisa ukuhlala kwi-4.3 ekhulwini. Oku kwenzeka emva kweeveki emva kokuxhatshazwa kwiimali zeemarike zemali eziphantse zazisa umnotho wase-United States. Le nqanaba lokunciphisa izinga liye liyingxenye yomgudu wokulungelelanisa kuzo zonke iibhanki eziphambili zehlabathi ukuze zikhuphe iimarike zezimali eziwa. Kwaphela iintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuba iCongress idlulisele i -bill ye-billing ye-$ 700 yebhanki . Amabhanki ayephantsi kwesimo soyika. Ukufumana okunye, jonga iThayimthebhile yeCrisis Crisis 2008 .
Kungekudala emva koko, uLibor waqala ukubuyela kwinto eqhelekileyo. Xa i-Fed iyanciphisa isantya sayo kwi-zero ngoDisemba 2008, izinga lokuthobela lalingama-3.25 ekhulwini.
ULibor wehla kwi-2.19 ekhulwini. Kwathatha omnye umnyaka ngaphambi kokuba ubuyele kumqolo oqhelekileyo, iishumi ezimbalwa zeengongoma ngaphezulu kwezinga le-Fed. Ngaphezulu, khangela iMbali yeRibor yeMbali .