Isifundo esifutshane nesiqulathekileyo kwiNengozi kunye ne-Allure ye-Junk Bonds
Uyazi ukuba akufanele utyalomali kwiimbopheleleko ezingenayo. I-CPA yakho ayiyi kukuvuma kwaye indoda yakho okanye umfazi wakho uya kuba nomsindo xa ufumene. Ityala lizakukudla njengoko uguqula izinto ezinokuhloniphekileyo ezinjengezatifikethi zokufaka idiphozithi okanye iibhondi zamabakala otyalo-mali . Sekunjalo, awukwazi ukukunceda kodwa ukhiphe ukulangazelela kwelolu hlobo olukhethekileyo lweebhondi ezinxulumene nezivuno eziphezulu kakhulu kunezivuno.
Xa uyenzayo, into endiyicelayo kukuba ukhumbule utyalo-mali oluvame ukunyuka umsi, kwaye xa ezi ziintsana ziwa, ziwa nzima. Adabizwa ngokuba yizintambo ezingenanto. Ziyiyo, ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunokuba kunjalo, ngokuthe ngqo: I-Junk.
Isilingo sokufumana izibophelelo ezingekho phantsi kwezinto akunzima ukuyiqonda. Xa ndiqala ukubhala eli nqaku ngoJulayi 16, 2001, babenikela nge-10% ukuya kwi-12%. Ndandiyifumana imibuzo eninzi malunga nokuba, kwaye njani, ukubongeza kwi- portfoliyo yokutshala imali . Ngaphambi kokuwa kwexesha elikufutshane, eliye lalingenakulinganiswa nanini ngo-2015 nangama-2016 (emva kobudala obuye babuyela emva kwenkcitho ye-credit-2008-2009), bebekhwele abatyala-mali ukuba bafumane ukutshabalalisa imali ngaphandle kweyona nxalenye encinci ngenxa yexesha elide elifutshane ipesenti yepesenti yepesenti apho abahlanguli bafumene khona. Ngamanye amaxesha, abantu abakwazi ukuvuma ukuba ukungasebenzi kuyinto engcono yokuhamba. Ukupaka imali kwi-akhawunti yebhanki kwaye kungabi nantoni kuwo isicwangciso esiphezulu kunokuba sithathe ingozi engenangqondo ukuze ndiphinde ndibuyele: Kusekunjalo akusoze kubekho ixesha elifanelekileyo lokuba umtyalo-mali othengiweyo athengise izibopho ezingenanto.
Unako, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka, uhambe ubomi bakho bonke ngaphandle kokuba ube neyodwa. Azikho imfuneko yokwakha ubutyebi . Enyanisweni, banokubangela ukuba ulahlekelwe yintoni ubutyebi obunayo.
Sekunjalo, ukuba unomdla kwiziphi iimbopheko ezingekho mzimba, zisebenza njani, kwaye zihluke njani kwiimeko ezinxulumene nazo ezibhekiselelwe kuzo ngokuthi "iingelosi eziwileyo", qhubeka ufunda.
Iimfuno ezingundoqo zee-Bunk Bonds
Ii-arhente zee-Bond ezifana ne-Fitch, Standard and Poors, kunye no-Moody babela izilinganiso kwimicimbi yamatyala. Zonke izibophelelo zehlabathi ziwela kwelinye lamacandelo amabini, utyalo-mali kunye ne-non-investment grade.
Izibophelelo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-british bonds zineenkcukacha zeBBB okanye ngaphezulu (ezinye iindlela zokusebenzisa izixhobo zokuguqula; Ngokumisela ukulinganisa okunjalo, i-arhente ithetha ukuba iyakholelwa, isekelwe kwisimo samanje sezimali senkampani, ubungakanani bemiba yoluntu , kunye nombono wezoqoqosho, ukuba ithuba aliyiyo. Le miba ibinayo imbali yeengxowa-mali ezide, ezingaphazamisekiyo kwiintlawulo zabasebenzi; iinqonkqo zeekhonkco ezijikelezayo njenge-clockwork.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngaba ngaba banikezelwe ukulinganiswa kwe-BB okanye ngaphantsi. Ezi zibophelelo zinomngcipheko ophezulu kakhulu wokulahleka okanye ukulahlekelwa yinqununu. Iinkampani ezikhupha izibophelelo ezingekho mveliso kufuneka zikhohlise abatyala-mali ukuba bathathele ingozi yabo kwimali. Ukuze benze oku, bazinikela ngezinga eliphezulu lekhuphoni ngaphezu kohlobo lwabo otyalo-mali. Okumangalisa kukuba, oku kwandisa umngcipheko ngenxa yokuba iinkampani ezincinci ukukwazi ukufumana iintlawulo zenzalo eziphezulu zihlawula kabini okanye kathathu abalingana babo abangcono .
Izibophelelo ezingapheliyo zininzi zithandwa kakhulu kwisizukulwana sokuthengwa kwempahla kunye nokuthengiswa kwamashishini (okunye kwaziwa ngokuba ngama-1980). Kungekudala, baye baqala ukubuyela kunye nomphumo onobungozi. Abatyalomali abancinci bayithengayo ngaphandle kokuqonda ngokupheleleyo ingozi abayithwalayo kwaye xa beyifumene, kuya kuba sekwephuzile. Ibali elifanayo liza kudlala njengoko libonakala liyenza yonke iminyaka eyi-10 ukuya kweyesi-20, isizukulwana esitsha sifunda izifundo ezibuhlungu zabakhombisi babo.
Iintsimbi zeAllen eziwa phantsi kwiBond Bonds
Kwixesha lembali yezoshishino, iinkampani ezintle ziye zahlangabezana neengxaki ezibangele ukuba izikali zabo zihlawulelwe. Imiba yenkxaso yeenkampani iyancipha ngenxa yoko. Olu hlobo lwemiba iyaziwa ngokuthi "iingelosi eziwileyo". Zihluke kwiimbophelelo ezingekho phantsi kwee-junk ekubeni zikhutshwe njengebakala lotyalo-mali kwaye zawa ngobabalo.
Ukuthengwa kweengelosi eziwileyo, ukuba zenziwe ngokweenkcukacha, zicinge kakhulu kunokuba zifumane izibopho ezingenanto kunye nethemba lokuzigcina zize zikhule. Olu hlobo lo msebenzi kufuneka lushiywe kulabo abakwazi ukuvavanya iimali zeenkampani kunye nokuqikelela ngokufanelekileyo isiphumo esinokwenzeka kwimeko.
Inqaku eliphantsi kokutyalomali kwii-Bunk Bonds
Zibaphephe njengesibetho ngaphandle kokuba wazi into oyenzayo. Ukuba uyithenga, yenza njalo ngokuqonda ngokupheleleyo ukuba ngaphandle kokuba unesizathu esaneleyo sokukholelwa ukuthenga kwakho uthembisa ukhuseleko lwenqununu, ucacisa, ungatyi imali.
Xa ungathandabuzeki, khumbula ilizwi elidala: Imali eninzi ilahlekile kwi-Wall Street ifikelela kwisivuno esincinane kunokuba ibwe ekupheleni kombhobho wesibhamu.