Ukulingana kunye namatyala Ngaba iinqununu kwiMenyu yezoTyalo-mali zeNcinci
Ngokuqhelekileyo, eli shishini lincinci likhula ukumela ubutyebi obalulekileyo kubomi bentsapho, ngaphandle kohlala kuyo.
Namhlanje, utyalo-mali oluncinci lwezoshishino luvame ukulungiswa njengenkampani ejongene noxanduva okanye ulwalamano olunqamlekileyo , kunye nolwakwakhe lwakhiwe sisakhiwo esithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yokuba idibanisa ezininzi iimpawu ezintle zeenkampani kunye nentsebenziswano. Kwiminyaka edlulileyo, i-proprietorship okanye i-intsebenziswano ngokubanzi yayithandwa kakhulu, nangona bengabanikeli ukhuseleko kwiimpahla zabo zabanikazi ngaphandle kwenkampani.
Ingaba ucinga ngokutshala imali kwi-shishini elincinci ngokusungula enye ukusuka ekuqaleni okanye ukuthenga kwinkampani ekhoyo, kukho iindawo ezimbini kuphela zezithuba onokuzithatha: Ukulingana okanye amatyala. Nangona kukho ukungafani kangako, zonke iimali-mali zibuyela kwiziseko ezimbini.
Utyalo-mali lwabiwo-mali kwiShishini elincinci
Xa wenza utyalo-mali-mali kwi-shishini elincinci, uthengisa isigxina sobunikazi - "isiqwenga se-pie." Ubutyebi-mali babonelela ngemali-mali, phantse rhoqo ngehlobo lemali, ngokutshintshela ipesenti yeenzuzo kunye nokulahleka.
Ibhizinisi lingasebenzisa le mali ngempahla eyahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa nenkcitho-mali yokunyusa, ukuqhuba imisebenzi yansuku zonke, ukunciphisa ityala, ukuthenga abanye abanikazi, ukukhutshwa kwempahla okanye ukuqesha abasebenzi abatsha.
Kwezinye iimeko, ipesenteji yezoshishino umtyalomali ufumana iyaxhomekeka kwixabiso elipheleleyo elinikezelayo.
Umzekelo, ukuba ukhaba i-$ 100,000 ngemali kwaye abanye abatyali-mali batyhola kwi-$ 900,000, bebonke ama-dollar ayi-1,000,000, unokulindela i-10% yiphina inzuzo okanye ilahleko ngenxa yokuba unikezele i-1/10 yemali yonke. Kwezinye iimeko, ngokukodwa xa sisebenzelana neshishini elimiselweyo okanye elinye lihlanganiswe ngumphathi oyintloko, oku akunjalo. Cinga ukusebenzisana kotyalo-mali uWarren Buffett ugijime kuma-20 kunye nama-30. Ukubambisana kwabangenamlingani kuncedisa phantse yonke inkunzi, kodwa iingeniso zahlukaniswa ngama-75% ukuya kubalingani abaqingqiweyo, ngokulingana nesabelo sabo sonke semali, kunye ne-25% kuye njengomlingani oqhelekileyo, nangona ebeke imali. Abalingani abangabandakanyekanga baphumelele ngeli lungiselelo kuba uBuffett wayebonelela ngobuchule.
Utyalo-mali lwentsebenziswano kwi-shishini elincinci lingaba nenzuzo enkulu kakhulu, kodwa luza isandla sisesandleni esichengeni. Ukuba iindleko ziqhubela phezulu kunezentengiso, ilahleko zinikezelwa zona. Ikota elibi, okanye unyaka, kwaye unokubona ukuba inkampani ihluleka okanye ibuye ihambe. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba izinto zihamba kakuhle, ukubuyela kwakho kunokuba lukhulu. Phantse bonke uphando malunga neenkulungwane zemali e-United States kubonisa ukuba ukuhlengahlengiswa kwezona zininzi kubanini bezentengiselwano.
Ngokuqinisekileyo, ukuba ufuna ukubeka uphawu phakathi kwe-1% yezona zityebi, ukufumana ishishini elinenzuzo kwikarhwebo ye-niche ekhupha umvuzo ngamnye ngonyaka unethuba elihle kakhulu.
Amatyalomali kuTywala kwamashishini amancinci
Xa wenza ityala lokutsalwa kwetyala kwishishini elincinci, uboleke imali ngokutshintshela isithembiso semali engenayo kunye nokuhlawulwa kokugqibela kwinqununu. Iingxowa-mali zihlala zibonelelwa ngeemeko zemali-mboleko ngqo kunye nokuthengiswa kwemali rhoqo okanye ukuthengwa kweebhanki ezikhutshwe yoshishini , ezinikezela ngeentlawulo zenzalo zonyaka zithunyelwa kumnini-mboleko.
Inzuzo enkulu kunazo zonke ityala kukuba inendawo enelungelo kwisakhiwo semali . Oku kuthetha ukuba inkampani iyaqhuma, ityala libheke phambili kubanini-zimali (abatyali-zimali-mali). Ngokuqhelekileyo, inqanaba eliphakamileyo letyala libophelelo lokuqala lokubophelelwa kwempahla ekhuselekile enesiqulatho esithile kwipropati exabisekileyo okanye i-asethi, njengegama legama.
Umzekelo, ukuba ubolekisa imali kwi-shop ice cream kwaye unikwe i-lien kwi-real estate kunye nesakhiwo, unokwenza kwangaphambili xa ushicilelwa inkampani. Kungathatha ixesha, umzamo kunye nemali, kodwa kufuneka ukwazi ukufumana nayiphi na inetha enokuyifumana ekuthengisweni kwepropathi oyithathayo. Inqanaba elincinane kunazo zonke liyaziwa njengento enetyala , leyo ityala elingakhuselekanga nayiphi na impahla ethile kodwa, kunoko, kodwa igama elihle lenkampani kunye nekhredithi.
Eyona nto ilungileyo: Utyalo-mali okanye uTyalomali-mali?
Nje ngezinto ezininzi ebomini naseshishini, akukho mpendulo elula kulo mbuzo. Ukuba ubengumtyalo-mali wokuqala kuMcDonald's kwaye uthenge ukulingana, uya kuba nobutyebi. Ukuba uthenge amabhondi, ukwenza ityala lokutsalwa kwetyala, ubuya kufumana ixabiso elifanelekileyo, kodwa kungenakuphikisa, ubuyele kwimali yakho. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuba uthengela kwi shishini elithelekayo, ithuba lakho elihle lokuphepha ngaphandle kokuxhatshazwa kukuba lenze ityala, kungekhona ukulingana.
Konke oku kuyinkimbinkimbi ngumbono obizwa ngokuba ngumnini-mali owaziwayo uBenjamin Graham wenza umsebenzi wakhe wokuhlalisa umzimba, Uhlalutyo loKhuseleko . Ngokunjalo, ukuba ubulungisa kwi-shishini elingenanto-mboleko alinakubeka ingozi enkulu kunokuba ityala lokutsalwa kwetyala kule nkampani efanayo, kuba, kuzo zombini matyala, umntu uya kuba ngowokuqala kumgca kwisakhiwo semali.
I-Equity Debtred Equity Hybrid
Ngamanye amaxesha, utyalo-mali lwezentengiselwano zincinci luhlala phantsi phakathi kotyalo-mali kunye nokutyalomali kwetyala, imodeli ekhethiweyo. Ngaphandle kokunikezela ngezona zinto zimbini, i-stock ekhethiweyo ibonakala idibanisa iimpawu ezimbi kunazo zonke zombini kunye netyala; oko kukuthi, umlinganiselo ongenqongophala wetyala, kunye nenqanaba elincinci lezakhono zokulingana. Kukho rhoqo ukungafani kumgaqo. Ukuze ufunde okungaphezulu ngeempahla ezikhethiweyo, funda i -Flavors Many Many Stock .