Yintoni Okufanele Uyenze Xa Intengiso Ihla?
Ukulungiswa kweemarike (u-10% wehla) okanye i-market full bear (i-20% yehla okanye ngaphezulu), kukho ezinye izenzo ezithatyathele abatyalo-mali ukuba zithintele ukukhusela okanye ukuzisebenzisa ngamathuba okuthenga okanye zombini.
Nangona kunjalo, siza kuqala ngohlobo olukhuselekileyo lokukhusela, olwenzeka ngaphambi kokulungiswa okanye ukuthwala imarike.
Yazi Ukunyamezela Kwakho Ingozi
Ukuba ucinga ukuba uya kufuna ukungena kwi-coaster enkulu kwi-park yokuzonwabisa, akufanele ufike kuyo kuqala! Kwihlabathi lotyalo-mali, oku kulwazi oluthile olubizwa ngokuba yi- tolerance risk , eli lixesha lotyalo-mali elimalunga nomlinganiselo wengozi yemarike, ngokukodwa ukunyanzelisa (ups and downs), umtyalo-mali unokunyamezela. Ngokuqhelekileyo ihlolwe yi-calculator okanye i-questionnaire, ukunyamezela okuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa ukuhlukanisa abatyalo-mali njengoMntu onobuGqugquzelekileyo, oQhathanisiweyo okanye oQonayo.
Umzekelo, i- questionnaire yokunyamezela ingxaki ingacela imibuzo emininzi ngeemeko ezahlukeneyo zemarike kwaye umtyalomali uza kulindela ukuphendula kwabo kwiimeko zemarike ezinikeziweyo aze aphendule imibuzo ngokufanelekileyo.
Umbuzo wesampula uthi, "Wenzenjani ukuba i-market market yawa ngama-20% ngaphezu konyaka owodwa? Ngaba ungenzi nto, B) Linda iinyanga ezimbalwa ukwenza isigqibo, okanye C) Thengisa ii-stocks zakho ngokukhawuleza . "
Umtyalo-mali okhuselekileyo uya kuphendula 'A,' umtyalo-mali oyimodareyitha 'B' kunye notyalo-mali ogcinayo 'C.' Injongo yale mibuzo ikunceda umnini-mali ukuba akhe iphothifoliyo yotyalo-mali ukuba umtyalomali uya kukhululeka ngexesha elide. Ukushiya isicwangciso sokutyalomali ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yemisebenzi yemakethi ye-stock is not a response best.
Ngoko ke umbuzo wokunyamezela ukunyamezela ingxaki kufuneka uncede umtyalomali ngokulindela nokuthintela ukuziphatha okutyala.
Musa ukwenza nto kwaye Uhlale Uhlalise Ngolwazi lweMbali yeMarike
Ukuba ulungiselele iphothifoliyo yakho ukuhlangabezana neenjongo zakho nokufaneleka, kwaye unomtyalo-mali osisigxina, akukho mfuneko yokwenza nantoni na xa ixabiso lemarike lihla.
Nangona kunjalo, kuyaqondakala ukuba ukulungiswa kwemarike enkulu kukukwenza ube nexhala. Kuyinto engokwemvelo ukucinga ukuba kufuneka uyenze into xa amajelo aseburhulumenteni ahlala esilumkisa malunga neziphumo zeemarike ezibi.
Ukuhlala uxolo xa ungenzi nto kwisiqhwithi, nantsi imbali kwiimakethe zokulungisa:
- Ukulungiswa kwe-10% kwenzeka ngokulinganayo kanye ngonyaka. Ixesha lokubuyisela eliqhelekileyo lokuncipha kwe-10% okanye ngaphezulu malunga neenyanga ezili-10.
- Umyinge wesiganeko ubuyisela kwi-stocks ukususela ngo-1950 kuye kwaba malunga ne-10%.
- Ukuba iphothifoliyo ikwabiwe ngokwemali (okt i-60% ezitokisini, iibhondi ezingama-40%) ayiyi kuwela phantsi ukuya kwi-market market. Ngokomzekelo, xa imarike iwa ngama-10%, iipotifoliyo ezilinganayo zengxowa-mali ziyahlula phakathi kwe-5% ne-7%, kuxhomekeke kulwabiwo.
Abatshali-mali kuphela kwiimarike ezinesizathu esihle sokuthengisa iimpahla ngexesha lokulungiswa ngabo bafuna imali ngokukhawuleza okanye kwiinyanga ezizayo.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, nayiphina imali efunekayo kwiminyaka emithathu akufanele ifakwe imali kwiimpahla okanye iibhondi okanye imali.
Indlela yokuTyala imali kuMarike we-Bear
Ukutshala imali kwimarike yeebhere kulingana nokulungiselela ukulungiswa kwemarike.
Njengoko usuvele uyayazi, akusibulumko ukuzama ukufumana ixesha kwiimarike ngokungena kwi-stock and bond bonds, kodwa kungabulumko ukwenza amancinci amancinci kunye nokuzilungisa ngokulungisa ulwabiwo lweefayili.
Ulwabiwo lwe-Asset luyimpembelelo enkulu kunazo zonke kwi-portfolio ukusebenza, ingakumbi kwixesha elide. Ngako-ke, umtyalo-mali unokuba ngumyinge wokukhetha utyalo-mali kodwa ulungelelaniso lwexabiso lempahla kunye nokusebenza okukhulu, xa kuthelekiswa nabatyalo-mali nabasisiseko abanokuthi bangene kakuhle ekukhethweni kotyalo-mali kodwa banexesha elibi kunye nokwabiwa kwempahla.
Nasi umzekelo wokwabiwa kwee-asethi : Masithi ubona iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zemarike yenkomo, efana namaxabiso aphakamileyo e-P / E kunye nokunyuka kwamaxabiso enzala, kunye nemarike entsha yeebhere ibonakala iphezulu. Ungakwazi ke ukuqala ukunciphisa ukufikelela kwiimali zesikhwama se-riski kunye nesabelo sakho sonke sabelo kwaye uqale ukwakha isikhwama sakho semboleko kunye nezikhundla zeengxowa-mali zemakethe yemali.
Masibuye sicinge ukuba isabelo sakho (okanye "esiqhelekileyo") sabelo-mali se-65%, imali ye-bond ye-30% kunye ne-5% yemali yemali yemarike / yemali. Emva kokuba ubona ama-P / E amanqanaba kumazinga aphezulu, iirekhodi ezintsha kwiimali ezinkulu zeemarike , kunye nokunyuka kwamazinga enzala, ungathatha inyathelo ekumngciphekweni kuma-stock%, i-30% kunye ne-20% yemali.
Indlela Yokuthatha Inzuzo Yokulungiswa Kwemakethe
Ukuba ungumtyalo-mali osisigxina, ukulungiswa kwemarike kungabangela ukubhiyozela, kungakhathazeki. Ithuba elifanelekileyo lokuthenga xa amaxabiso aphantsi kwaye ukulungiswa kwemarike kwakha ukuthengiswa kwee-stocks.
Ukuba ukhathazekile ngokuthenga xa kuthengiswa imarike, okanye ukuba ucinga ukuba uya kwenza iphutha lohlobo oluthile ngokuthenga iimali ezithengiswayo kwiimarike ezantsi, ungathatha amanyathelo okuthintela ngokuchanekileyo ngesicwangciso se-dollar-cost -verage (DCA) , okuzithengela ukwabelana ngamaqabane otyalo-mali ngokukhawuleza. Uyathenga xa amaxabiso aphezulu, aphantsi kwaye aphakathi. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu "imilinganiselo" yamanani aphantsi, anika imali yakho ngakumbi ngaphezu kwexesha.
Unako u-DCA ngokuseka isicwangciso sotyalo-mali , esaziwa ngokuba ngu-SIP, isicwangciso sotyalo-mali oluphindaphindiweyo okanye icebo lotyalo-mali. I-SIP yindlela yokulondoloza ngokuzenzekelayo evumela umntu ukuba akhethe isamba esicwangcisiweyo sedoli (okanye inani elithile elilinganayo lamashishini ukuba usebenzise izitokethi zokutshala imali, ezifana nezitokiselwano, iimali eziphathekayo okanye ii-ETFs) kwaye ukhethe utyando oluthile lwepositi okanye utyalo-mali, njengenyanga okanye ngekota. I-akhawunti yombane, njenge-akhawunti yemarike yemali okanye i-akhawunti yokulondoloza ibhanki, isetyenziselwa ukuxhaswa iintlawulo eziya kuthenga amanani ohlobo oluthile lotyalo-mali.
Ukuziphendulela: Ulwazi olukule ndawo lunikezelwa ngeenjongo zengxoxo kuphela, kwaye akufanele lichazwe ngokungeniswa njengeengcebiso zotyalo-mali. Ngaphandle kweemeko ngaba le nkcazelo ibonisa isincomo sokuthenga okanye ukuthengisa iziqinisekiso.