Kutheni 1.3 Izigidi ezingenakufumana Umsebenzi nangemva kokukhangela iinyanga ezili-6
Inkcazo yeNgqesho engapheliyo
Ngo-Matshi 2018, bekukho abantu abayi-1,322 abade bengasebenzi kwixesha elide. Kukho ipesenti ezingama-20.1 zabangasebenzi abaye bafuna umsebenzi ngeenyanga ezintandathu okanye ngaphezulu. Kungcono kunokuba irekhodi eliphakamileyo lama-46 ekhulwini kwikota yesibini ka-2010. Inani labasebenzi abangazange liqale liye lahla ngaphantsi kwezigidi ezi-2 ngoMeyi 2015.
Isantya sihle ngaphezu kweentsuku ezimnyama zonyaka we-1981 . Ngelo xesha, iipesenti ezingama-26 zabangasebenzi bezingekho emsebenzini malunga neenyanga ezintandathu. Ukungabikho kwemisebenzi kwangoko kwaye kwabi kakhulu kunamhlanje. Inani lezinga lokungabikho kwemisebenzi lalingama-10.8 ekhulwini. Nangona iRest Recession ekuqaleni yakha ipesenti ephezulu yentswela-sebenzi engapheliyo, iye yaxhaswa.
Izizathu
Izimbini ezibini zentswela-ngqesho yangexesha elide yintswela- ntsholongwane yomsebenzi kunye nokungasebenzi kwemisebenzi . Ukungabikho kwemisebenzi ngokwaso kubangelwa ukunyuka kwemali . Ukungabikho kwemisebenzi kwabasebenzi kungenzeka xa izakhono zabasebenzi zingasakwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zemarike yomsebenzi.
Ixesha elide lokunyanzeleka kwemisebenzi kunye nokungasebenzi kusondla omnye komnye. Ukunyuka kwemali kubangela ukunyuka okukhulu kwintlupheko yokungasebenzi. Abo bangenakufumana imisebenzi baya kuba bengasebenze ixesha elide bengasebenzi. Ukuba ngaphandle komsebenzi ixesha elide, izakhono zabo ziphelelwe yisikhathi. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oku kubangela ukungaqeshwa kwemisebenzi. Unemali encinci yokuchitha, oku kuphumela ekunciphiseni iimfuno zabathengi.
Iphucula ngakumbi ukukhula koqoqosho, okukhokelela ekungabikho kwemisebenzi engaphangeliyo.
Abaninzi bathi kukho ezinye izizathu ezintathu zokungasebenzi kwangexesha elide: inhlalakahle , inzuzo yokungasebenzi, kunye neemanyano. Iinkqubo zoncedo lukaRhulumente zifuna ukuba abafumanayo bafune umsebenzi. Iphazamisa inani lokungabikho kwemisebenzi ngamaphesenti ama-0.5 ukuya kuma-0.8 ekhulwini ngenxa yokuba akuyiyo yonke into eya kukhangela. Abo bantu bamele bangabi nxaxheba njengengxenye yabasebenzi. Iingeniso zingakhuthaza abantu ukuba babambe imisebenzi engcono yokuhlawula, ukuqhubeka nokwandisa ukungasebenzi.
Ubumbano ludala ukungabikho kwemisebenzi yeklasi ngokunyanzelisa iinkampani ukuba zinikeze umvuzo ophezulu kunokuba zingenjalo. Ezi nkampani kufuneka zibeke abasebenzi ukuba balondoloze iinjongo zebhajethi kunye nenzuzo. Laba basebenzi banokuba nezakhono ezifanelekileyo kwishishini elithile kwaye bangenakuzimisele ukufumana imisebenzi engaphantsi kwemvuzo. Oku kungakhokelela kwisakhiwo, kwaye ekugqibeleni ixesha elide, ukungasebenzi.
I ziphumo
Iipesenti ezili-10 kuphela zexesha elingenamsebenzi lifumana umsebenzi ngamnye ngenyanga, ngokweengxelo yeSan Francisco Federal Reserve. Kubi ngaphezu kweepesenti ezingama-30 ngenyanga yexesha elifutshane elingasebenziyo abaphumeleleyo.
Le imeko ayikho ithemba. Ingxelo yafumanisa ukuba isiqingatha sexesha elide elingasebenzi lifumana umsebenzi ezintandathu ezintandathu, kwaye i-75 ekhulwini yenza njalo ngonyaka.
Kwaye abo babengafumani umsebenzi kwiinyanga ezili-18 bafumane into ekupheleni ukuba baqhubeka bekhangele. I-San Francisco Fed ifumene ukuba amathuba okufumana umsebenzi awazange ayancipha nangona ayengasebenanga ixesha elide.
Ukungaqeshwanga iinyanga ezintandathu ukuya kunyaka kuya kufutshane ukuxhathisa imali. Uphononongo lwePew yophando lubonise ukuba ukuhlaliswa kwemali kwathintela ixesha elide elingasebenzi ngaphaya kwamanye kwimimandla yobudlelwane bomntu siqu, izicwangciso zobugcisa kunye nokuzithemba. Ngokukodwa, ixesha elide elingasebenziyo libikele oku kulandelayo:
- Ingaphezulu kwesigamu (ama-56 ekhulwini) yabona ukunyuka kwemali engenayo, xa kuthelekiswa nama-42 eepesenti yexesha elifutshane elingasebenziyo kunye neepesenti ezingama-26 zalabo abagcina umsebenzi wabo.
- Phantse isiqingatha (iipesenti ezingama-46) ubudlelwane beentsapho obuxhatshaziweyo buqhathaniswa nama-39 ekhulwini abo abangekho emsebenzini. Amaphesenti angama-43 alahlekelwa ngumhlobo osondeleyo
- Phantse enye kwiine (iipesenti ezingama-38) yalahlekelwa yintlonelo, kwaye i-24 ekhulwini yafuna uncedo lwezakhono ukuxinezeleka xa kuthelekiswa neepesenti ezingama-29 kunye neepesenti ezili-10 zexeshana ezingasebenzi.
- Ukwehla kwemali kuye kwaba negalelo elikhulu "ekusebenzeni kwabo ukufezekisa iinjongo zomsebenzi ngamaphesenti angama-43 kubo xa kuthelekiswa neepesenti ezingama-28 zeontanga zabo ezifutshane.
- Bangaphezulu kwama-70 ekhulwini bathi batshintshe imisebenzi. Phantse okwesithathu (iipesenti ezingama-29) yaba yinkcitho engaphantsi kunye neenzuzo ngaphezu komsebenzi wazo wangaphambili. Akumangalisi ukuba babe nexhala elikhulu ngamathuba abo okufumana umsebenzi omhle. Iipesenti ezili-16 kuphela zexesha elifutshane elingasebenziyo zazibi kakhulu.
Uphando lweSweden lufumene ukuba abasebenzi abangapheli ixesha elide baqala ukulahlekelwa amandla abo okufunda. Ngokomyinge, umntu owayengasebenziyo unyaka wehla iipesenti ezi-5 ekufundeni iimvavanyo zokuvavanya ukuqonda.
Ukuncediswa kweeNzuzo zoNyaka zeNyuncedo zengqesho
Izandiso zokunqongophala kwezentsebenziswano zikaRhulumente zancedisa abasebenzi abangenamsebenzi kwixesha elide kwimigudu yabo yokusesha imisebenzi. ICongress yavuma ukwandiswa kweziNyulo kuMthetho we- Recovery and Recinvestment Act ka -2009. Baye bagunyazwa kwakhona ngonyaka ukuya ku-2013.
Iintlawulo ezinikezelwa ngexesha elide elingasebenziyo ngeeveki ezingama-99 zokungabikho kwemisebenzi. Kwabanceda ukuba baxhase baze bafumane imisebenzi ehloniphekileyo. Ngaphandle kwezandiso, bekuza kufuneka bathathe nantoni na imisebenzi ababeyenzayo, ekhokelela ekungabikho komsebenzi. Oku kunokubakhusela ukuba bangabambeli njengoko izakhono zabo zaba zixesha elingapheliyo.
Iingeniso zokungabikho kwemisebenzi zibanceda kuphela abo baqeshwe, nangona kunjalo. Abanye abaqeshi bomlilo ngabasebenzi ngenxa okanye bacele abasebenzi ukuba bayeke ukubuyisela ipakethe yokukhupha ukwenzela ukuba bangabhataleli iinzuzo. Abasebenzi abayeka, abasebenzi bexeshana, abaqeshwe ngabasebenzi kunye nabafundi okanye oomama nje ukuba bangene emsebenzini abakulungele ukufumana izibonelelo.
Kwakhona, akubona bonke abo bafumanekayo kwiintlawulo ezifunyenwe iiveki ezingama-99 zokungabikho kwemisebenzi. Kwafuneka bahlale kwimeko ejongene nesantya sokungabikho kwemisebenzi.
Indlela yokubala Ixesha elingenamsebenzi loNyaka woNyaka
Izinga lokungaqeshwa kwexesha elide lilula ukubala kuba i-BLS idiliza amanqaku nganye ngenyanga kwiSishwankathelo seNgqesho. Inani labantu abangasebenziyo iiveki ezingama-27 okanye ngaphezulu kuLuhlu A-12. Ibala kwakhona iipesenti ezenziwe ngabasebenzi abangenamsebenzi. Le tafile ikunika idatha yeenyanga ezintathu ezedlule, ukulungiswa kwexesha. Kwakhona kukuvumela ukuba uthelekise iinyanga ezimbini zokugqibela kunye nomnyaka onyaka-nyaka , kungekhona ukulungiswa kwexesha.