Isisombululo Xa ukungasebenzi kweMimoya engekho yolawulo
Ukungabikho kwemisebenzi ngokuqhelekileyo kubangelwa yimbangela enkulu yokungasebenzi okukhulu. Ukungabikho kwemisebenzi kuthathwa njengezinga eliphezulu kuma-8 ekhulwini labasebenzi . Yaziwa ngokuba "yindlela" kuba ibophelelwe kumjikelezo wezoshishino.
Xa uqoqosho luqala ukungena kwisigaba sokunyuselwa komjikelezo wezoshishino, abangasebenziyo baya kuhlaziywa. Ukungabikho kwengqesho kwesikhashana. Kuxhomekeke kubude beqhekeza. Ukwehla kwemali ngokuqhelekileyo kuqhubeka malunga neenyanga ezili-18. Ukudakumba kunokuhlala iminyaka eyi-10.
Izizathu
Ukungaphumeleli kwemisebenzi kubangelwa ukukhutshwa okukhulu kwemfuno . Ngokuqhelekileyo iqala ngokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa komntu . Xa umthengi efuna iimpahla kunye neenkonzo zehla, i-revenue revenue decline. Ekugqibeleni, iinkampani kufuneka zibeke abasebenzi ukuba bahlale bezintlu . Ngokuqhelekileyo akukho mveliso eyaneleyo yokugcina abasebenzi bexakeke.
Into yokugqibela ishishini ufuna ukuyenza lilahla abasebenzi. Yisiganeko esibuhlungu. Inkampani ingahle ilahlekelwe ngabaqeshwa abalulekayo ukuba ityala imali eninzi. Yingakho ngexesha lokungabikho kwemisebenzi elingaqalayo, uqoqosho ngokuqhelekileyo luye lusekho ematyaleni. Amashishini alinda ade aqiniseke ukuba ukuwa kwehla kunzima ngaphambi kokuqala ukulahla.
Yintoni engayikhupha ukuhla kwezomnotho okuphumela ekungabikho kwemisebenzi? Ngokuqhelekileyo i- crash market . Imizekelo ibandakanya ukungqubuzana kowe-1929 , ukuhlaselwa kwe -tech ka-2000 kunye nokuhlaselwa kwezimali ngo-2008 . Ukuphazamiseka okubi kungabangela ukunyuka kwemali ngokudala ukwesaba nokulahlekelwa yintembelo kwezoqoqosho. Amashishini alahlekelwa ukulahlekelwa kwemali yabo njengoko amanani esitokisi aphantsi.
Ngaphambi kokuba kufunwa umnotho jikelele, kuya kulahlekelwa amandla abo okuphakamisa inkunzi ekukhuleni nasekunyuseni.
Njengokuba ubutyebi beemasheke zikhoyo, abaxhasi baxakeka ukuthenga. Bayalindela ukubona ukuba ukubuyisana kuyabuya. Ukuba kuyenzeka, ukukhula koqoqosho kuqhubeka kwakhona kwaye ukungaqeshwa kwemisebenzi kuqhubekile. Oku kwenzekayo ngo- 1987 ngoMatshi ngoMatshi ngoMatshi . Ukuba ukuzithemba kuyaqhubeka kuphazamisa, ukunciphisa imfuno yamashishini amashishini ukuba ayeke abasebenzi. Ukungqinelana koqoqosho kungomnye wezizathu ezininzi zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokungasebenzi ezingathintela iMelika kwiminyaka .
I ziphumo
Ngelishwa, ukungaqeshwa kwemisebenzi kungenziwa kukuzihlaziya. Kungenxa yokuba abasanda kuqeshwanga banokufumana imali engenayo engaphantsi. Oku kunciphisa ngakumbi iimfuno kunye neengeniso zoshishino, ezikhokelela ekulahlekeni okungakumbi.
Ngaphandle kokungenelela, lo moya uya kuqhubeka kude kube lula ukuhlawulela ukuhlangabezana nokufunwa kwehla. Ngelishwa, oku kungenakwenzeka ukusweleka kwemisebenzi kufinyelele kuma-25 ekhulwini. Yilokho okwenzeka ngexesha lokuPhukisa okukhulu , okwadlulayo iminyaka elishumi. Enyanisweni, yintoni eyaphelile ngokwenene ukudakumba kwakufuneka izixhobo zempi njengoko i-United States ingene kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi II. Ukusetyenziswa kweendleko zemali enkulu kubangele ukwanda kwetyala le-US.
U mzekelo
Umzekelo wokungaqeshwa kwemisebenzi yilahleko lokulahleka kwemisebenzi yokwakha ngexesha leengxaki zemali ka - 2008 . Njengoko inkathazo yezindlu yenzeke, abakhi bekhaya bayeka ukwakha amakhaya amatsha. Abaninzi abayizigidi ezili-2 abasebenzi abakhi bezokwakha imisebenzi. Nanini na isakhiwo sasekhaya siqala kwakhona, siya kubuyela emsebenzini.
Omnye umntu unokuqala ukungaqhutyelwa umsebenzi ngokungahambisani nesebenze aze aphephe njengexhoba lokungasebenzi kwemisebenzi . Ngexesha loqoqosho, amaninzi amafektri ashintshelwe kwiinkcukacha zekhompyutheni ezixakekileyo ukuqhuba umatshini. Abasebenzi ngoku bafuna ukuhlaziywa kwezakhono zekhomputha ukuze bakwazi ukulawula iirobhothi eziqhuba umatshini abasebenzisa zona. Abasebenzi abambalwa bayadingeka, nabo. Abo bangabuyi esikolweni baqeshwe bengasebenzi. Izakhono zabo azihambelani neemfuno zabasebenzi.
Umyinge wokungasebenzi
Isantya sokungabikho kwemisebenzi ngumlinganiselo phakathi kwezinga lokungabikho kwemisebenzi kunye nezinga langoku. Izinga langokwemvelo liquka ukungaqeshwa kwemisebenzi, ukuxhatshazwa kwexesha, kunye neklasi. Ukukrazula abo bezinga lokungabikho kwemisebenzi ukufumana isantya sokungabikho kwemisebenzi.
Ubomi bwenene, kunzima ukujonga idatha kunye nokucacisa ukuba kutheni umntu ngamnye engasebenzi. Ngoko ke, i-economics ifike ngeendlela ezimbini ukuqikelela ukuba ubuninzi bentlupheko yempesheni.
Indlela yokuqala neyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo isebenzisa umjikelezo wezoshishino. Fumana isantya sokungabikho kwemisebenzi ngexesha lesigxina somjikelezo wezoshishino. Emva koko, fumana isantya sokungabikho kwemisebenzi ngexesha lesigxina. Emva koko shenxisa ezimbini. Umahluko kufuneka ube ngumsebenzi ongasebenzi.
Okwesibini kukuthelekisa izinga lezinga lokungaqeshwa kwabasebenzi abaphumelele kwiikholeji zakutshanje kunye nezinga lokungasebenzi. Ukuba izinga labo lifana nezinga elipheleleyo, ngoko ke uninzi lwentlupheko yempesheni luyinkqubo. Ngoba? Abafundi abaphumelele kwiikholejini bafumana izakhono ezintsha kwaye banako ukufudukela kuyo yonke imisebenzi. Unethuba elincinci kakhulu lokungasebenzi kwemisebenzi. Ukusebenzisa le ndlela, abaphandi bafumanisa ukuba ubuninzi be-ntlupheko-msebenzi ngo-2011 lwalukhokelo.
Solution
Ngenxa yokuba ukungaqeshwa kwemisebenzi kungaphumelela ekulawuleni, ngokuqhelekileyo urhulumente wesigqeba kufuneka angenele ukuyeka. Impendulo yokuqala kunye elula yinkqubo yemali yokwandisa . I- Federal Reserve iya kuqalisa ukunciphisa amaxabiso enzala . Oku kufana nokufaka imali kwiipokethi zeentsapho kunye namashishini. Yenza iimboleko kunye neentlawulo zekhadi zekredithi ezingabizi. Kwaye nje ukwazi ukuba i-Fed ithatha inyathelo inokubuyisela ukuzithemba okufunekayo ukukhulisa imfuno.
Ukuba oko akwanele, urhulumente kufuneka asebenzise umgaqo-nkqubo wezemali owandisiweyo . Oku kuthatha ixesha elide kuba ngokuqhelekileyo umongameli kunye neCongress kufuneka bavote xa bechitha imali. Oku kuphakamisa ulwabiwo-mali . Iphinde iphinde ibambelele ingxowa-ntsebenziswano ye-bi-partisan malunga nokuba ukunyuswa kweerhafu okanye ukuchitha imali kubasebenzi abasebenza ngokufanelekileyo.
Kodwa isifundo se-Mass / i-Amherst sibonisa ukuba isisombululo esiphezulu sokungabikho kwemisebenzi sichitha. Oku kuthetha ngokukodwa kwiindleko zeprojekthi zengqesho yoluntu ukwenza imisebenzi yokwakha. Ukungabikho kwemisebenzi kwintsebenzo kanzima.
Impendulo yesibini iya kwandisa iingeniso zengqesho. Ngokutsho kophando, ukunyuswa kweerhafu akusebenzi kakuhle ekudaleni imfuneko efunekayo yokuyeka ukungasebenzi kwemisebenzi.