Yintoni i-Boom yoQoqosho?
Ukuqhayisa kwezomnotho kukunyuka kunye nesigaba sephambili somjikelezo wezoshishino . Kukwaziwa nangokuthi i-upswing, ukuhlaziya, kunye nexesha lokukhula. Umsebenzi wezoqoqosho uphuma kwimimandla yomkhiqizo wekhaya , umkhiqizo kunye nemali engenayo . Ukunyuka kwezorhwebo, ukuqhuba inzuzo . Ngokuqhelekileyo ihamba kunye nemarike yenkomo kwiimpahla zentengiso, kunye nemarike yeebhere kwiibhondi.
I-Ofisi yeSizwe yoPhando loQoqosho ichaza xa kuqhutyelwa ibhoom. Isebenzisa izikhombisi zezoqoqosho ezifana nomsebenzi, ukuthengiswa kweentengiso kunye nemveliso yoshishino. Ukususela ngo-1854, kubekho iibhola ezingama-33. Zigcina iinyanga ezingama-38.7 nganye.
Ukunyuka kwindleko yabathengi kubangela i-boom. Kungenxa yokuba iintsapho zithemba ukuthenga ngoku ngenxa yokuba ikamva liqaqambile. Baxhaswa yimisebenzi engcono, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso asekhaya, nokubuya okuhle kwiimali zabo.
Njengoko kuqhuma i-boom xa ukuveliswa kwezoqoqosho, njengoko kulinganiswa yi-GDP kuhamba kakuhle. Ezinye izibonakaliso ezininzi zezoqoqosho zingase ziphendule ngaphambi koko.
Amabhanki aseMbindi angasebenzisa umgaqo-mali wezemali ukugcina i-boom ihamba ixesha elide. Zijolise kwizinga lokukhula elifanelekileyo phakathi kwama-2 ukuya kuma-3 ekhulwini , kunye nexabiso lokunyuka kwamaxabiso elingama -2 ekhulwini okanye ngaphantsi. Ngaphezu koko, kwaye iingozi zezoqoqosho ziya kwisigaba sephambili somjikelezo wezoshishino. Okubangela ukunyuka kwamaxabiso , ukutshala imali, kunye namatyala amaninzi.
Ukuqhawula kuphelela xa i-GDP ijika. Yiyo isigaba sokuqhawulwa komjikelo. Ngokuqhelekileyo ibonisa ukuqala komnotho.
01 1920s
- Julayi 1921 - ngoMeyi 1923 (iinyanga ezingama-22)
- NgoJulayi 1924 - Oktobha 1926 (iinyanga ezingama-27)
- NgoNovemba 1927 - Agasti 1929 (iinyanga ezingama-21)
Isiqhumiso sabangelwa kukuphela kweMfazwe Yehlabathi I. Abahlaseli bezilwanyana ababuyiselwayo babuyisela imbono kunye nezakhono ezintsha. Abafazi babezimeleyo ngelixa behamba. Izixhobo ezintsha, ezifana nomgca wendibano yemoto, zenze iimpahla zabathengi zifumaneke kwixabiso elifanelekileyo. Icandelo leebhanki elandisiweyo lenze i-credit iyatholakala. Oko kwakha ukuthengwa kweemoto, iimashishini zokuhlamba, kunye nempahla. Ekupheleni kweminyaka elishumi, yayishintshile iUnited States kwizoqoqosho zendabuko , ezisefama-mali ukukhulula imarike , uqoqosho lwemveliso yabathengi.
02 Imfazwe Yehlabathi Yehlabathi II
Umthetho-mali we-GI wamaLungelo we-GI wango-1944 uncede ukubangela ukuqhuma. Yanikela ngemboleko yokubuyiselwa kwezilwanyana zemfundo kunye noqeqesho. Yanikezela iziqinisekiso zokubolekisa ngemali ukuze zithenge amakhaya, ifama kunye namashishini. Yakha i-fund yokuhlawula iinqwelo zokuqala ukuba ngaba bengasebenzi. Umthetho we-Employment ka-1946 nawo uncedise.
Ngethuba lokuqala, urhulumente wesigqeba wathatha uxanduva lokugcina imisebenzi. Ngenxa yoko, iipesenti ezingama-80 zabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-20 kunye namajoni abuye evela kwimfazwe athola imisebenzi phakathi no-1947.
Ngomnyaka we-1944, inkomfa yaseBretton Woods yomeleza isikhundla seMerika njengenkokeli yehlabathi. Yakha idoli yase-US njengemali yehlabathi jikelele, ithatha indawo yegolide. Kwakhona kwasekwa iNgxowa-mali yeMali yeSizwe kunye neBhanki yehlabathi ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwehlabathi.
Ukuqhaqha kwaphela ekuqalekeni kweMfazwe yamaCold ngo-1947. Ngaloo nyaka, iKomiti yaseMelika engeyi-America yaphakamisa ukuchithwa kobuKomanisi ekhaya kunye neentetho zayo ezipapashwe kakuhle. Ukunyuka kwemali kwakunomoya omnene nokufutshane .
03 ka 1950
Kwakuxhaswa ngeemfuno ezintathu, zaphazamiseka ngokuchasana okulula kunye okufutshane. Babenjalo:
- Oktobha 1949 - Julayi 1953 (iinyanga ezingama-45)
- NgoMeyi 1954 - ngo-Agasti 1957 (iinyanga ezingama-39)
- Ngo-Epreli 1958-uEpreli 1960 (iinyanga ezingama-24)
Imfazwe yaseKorea yaqala ukususela ngo-1950 ukuya ku-1953. Uhlanga lwachitha i-$ 30 yezigidigidi, okwakusungula ukuqala koqoqosho. Ukuqhekeka kwenzeka emva kwemfazwe.
UMongameli u-Eisenhower wasayina uMthetho we-Federal Highway Act ngo-Oktobha 22, 1956. Ugunyazisile ukwakhiwa kweendlela ezikude zomgwaqo wesizwe. Igidi ezili-1 zeebhiliyoni zabelwe unyaka wokuqala "lwenkqubo enkulu yoluntu kwimbali yehlabathi."
Ukukhangisa kwethelevishini kwanyuka kwiidola ezingama-41 ukuya kwizigidi ezingama-335 zezigidi eziphakathi kwe-1951 no-1953. Ekupheleni kweminyaka elishumi, iipesenti ezingama-90 zamakhaya aseMerika zineTV. Njengama-Roaring Twentyties, le nto ikhula ngokukhula kwemveliso emveliso yabathengi.