Kwakhona kuthiwa yi-RFLP Uhlalutyo, ubuchule busebenzisa ama- polymorphisms kwiimpawu zomzimba zabantu. Nangona zonke iindidi zeentlobo zinezinto ezifanayo zohlobo lwezofuzo, le ntlukwano encinci ibonisa ukuhlukahluka kwintetho, njengokubonakala kwento okanye imetabolism, phakathi kwabantu.
I-RFLP: Uhlalutyo lweZiko kunye nezicelo
Inkqubo yokuhlalutya ye-RFLP ibandakanya ukusika indawo ethile ye- DNA ngokuhlukahlukana kwaziwa, kunye nokunciphisa i-enzymes, ngokohlula iinqununu ze-DNA nge-agarose gel electrophoresis kwaye uqikelele inani leenxalenye kunye nobukhulu bomlinganiselo.
Umngcipheko we-enzyme iyinzyzy, i-molecule yamaprotheni, eyenza i-DNA idibanise kwiindawo ezithintelo. Ngokwenene, isampula se-DNA iphulwe kwaye ichithwe yi-enzymes. Iziqhekeza ezibangelwayo zihlukaniswe ngokwexesha lobude kunye neprojekthi yamanqwanqwa ahlukeneyo aya kuhluka ngamnye ngamnye.
Inkqubo epheleleyo ye-RFLP idinga i-label labeling, ukuhlukaniswa kwe-DNA, i-electrophoresis, ukuchithwa, ukuchithwa, ukuhlamba kunye nokuzimela. I-RFLP efunyenweyo ibonwa ngefayile ye-X-ray kwi-autografiography, apho iinqununu ze-DNA zingabonwa kwaye zihlaziywe emva kokuba zihlukaniswe ngabanye nge-electrophoresis.
Ezinye zezicelo zohlalutyo lweRFLP ziquka:
- DNA zeminwe . Iingcali zenzululwazi zingasebenzisa uhlalutyo lwe-RFLP ukuchonga abantu abasolwayo ngokusekelwe kubungqina beesampulu eziqokelelwe kwimeko yolwaphulo-mthetho.
- Uhlobo. I-RFLP isetyenziselwa ukuzimisela ukuzala okanye ukulandelela okhokho.
- Ulwahlulo lwamaGenesis. Le ndlela ingasetyenziswa ekufundeni ukuguquka kwemvelo kunye nokufuduka kwezilwanyana zasendle, ukufunda iifatheni zokuzalisa kwizilwanyana kunye nokufumanisa nokuxilongwa kwezifo ezithile.
Inkqubo yokusebenzisa i-RFLP ukufumanisa ukuhlukahluka kwi-genomes iyisisitye esibalulekileyo ekuvelweni kwe-genome kunye nokuhlaziywa kwezifo zofuzo. Ukuba indawo yesifo esithile isifo sifuna kwi-chromosome ethile, abaphandi baya kuhlalutya i-DNA yamalungu entsapho ngesifo eso, ngoko ukhangele iipatheni ezifanayo zefa kwi-RFLP.
Xa isifo sesifo sifumanekile, ukuqhuba uhlalutyo lwe-RFLP kwamanye amalungu entsapho kunokubonakalisa umphathiswa wegciwane lesigxina okanye umqondiso wengozi jikelele yesifo. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba inqubo ye-RFLP ayisebenzisi ngokubanzi ngoku i-entsha, ubuchule obunamandla ngakumbi kusetyenziswa ukuhlalutya kwe-DNA kwisayensi ye-forensic kunye nezinye iindawo.
Uhlobo olubi lokuhlalutya
Ngelishwa, indlela yokuhlalutya ye-RFLP iyancipha kwaye iyancipha. Ngaphandle kokufuna imali enkulu ye-DNA isampuli - isampuli idla ngokufuneka ukuba ibe malunga nobukhulu bekota, eninzi enkulu kwi-DNA sampuli - inkqubo, kwi-probe labeling yokuhlamba kunye nokuzilandelela, ingathatha inyanga epheleleyo ukugqiba.
Iziphumo ezivela kwiProjekthi yeGenome yaBantu ziye zatshintsha kakhulu i-RFLP. Le projekthi ivumelekile ukugqiba ukulandelelana konke kwe-DNA efunyenwe kwiiseli zabantu, i-genome yabantu, kunye nokufumanisa zonke iigesi kwi-genome yabantu.