Ukunakekelwa kwe-Hillary: Yintoni eyayiyiyo kwaye kutheni iphumelelanga
U-Hillary Clinton wayephethe i-Task Force kwi-National Health Care Reform eyayilungiselele ibhilikhi.
Wayesebenza kunye nomlawuli we-Task Force, u-Ira Magaziner, ukuba ayenze inyama kwiinkcukacha zombono kaBill. Kwakhona wahoxisa umyalelo wokufumana uMthetho woKhuseleko lwezeMpilo udlule kwiCongress. Waba ngumntu ojongene noluntu lwemizamo yokuphucula impilo yoncedo lukaClintons.
Isishwankathelo soMthetho woKhuseleko lwezeMpilo
Ukunyamekela kwe-Hillary kusetyenziswa isicwangciso sokhuphiswano olulawulwayo ukufezekisa injongo yaso. URhulumente uya kulawula iindleko zegqila kunye nee-premiums. Iinkampani ze-inshorensi zempilo ziza kukhuphisana ukubonelela ngeepakethe ezifanelekileyo kunye neyona nto ephantsi kwiinkampani kunye nabantu ngabanye. Oku kwahluke kwi-Medicare apho urhulumente akontraka ngqo kunye noogqirha, izibhedlele kunye nabanye ababoneleli ngezempilo. I-Medicare iyaziwa njengenkqubo yokuhlawula omnye.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Hillary kuza kuphumeza injongo yayo isebenzisa izixhobo ezintathu: ukukhutshwa kwendawo yonke , imibutho yezempilo yemimandla kunye nebhodi lezempilo lelizwe.
Umyinge
Inkcazo yendalo yonke isisiphakamiso sokuqinisekisa ukuba wonke umntu unomshuwalense wezempilo .
Iinkampani ze-inshurensi zazingenakukhanyela ukufihlakeleyo kunoma ubani onobume obukhona ngaphambili . Ukwenza lo msebenzi kwiinkampani ze-inshorensi yezempilo, kwathetha ukuba wonke umntu wayefuneka ukuba abe ne-inshorensi yezempilo. Oku kuquka nabemi baseUnited States nabahlali abahlala kuzo.
Uninzi lwabantu luya kufumana izicwangciso ze-inshorensi kubaqeshi babo kuba bonke abaqeshi bafuneka ukubonelela nge-inshorensi yempilo kuwo wonke umsebenzi.
Baya kusebenzisa iiNkxaso zeMpilo okanye banikeze imibutho yabanikezeli abakhethiweyo okanye iphakheji enenzuzo eyenzelwe isiko. Iinkampani ze-inshorensi yezempilo ziza kukhuphisana nezoshishino zabo.
Abantu abangenamisebenzi bangathenga i-inshorensi yezempilo ngokwabo kwimibutho yezempilo yesithili. Urhulumente waseburhulumenteni uza kuncedisa iindleko zabantu abafumana imali encinci.
Imibutho yezeMpilo yesiFunda
Imibutho yezeMpilo yeNgingqi yayiyimigangatho yokuthenga i-inshorensi yempilo yisebe. Urhulumente wephondo uza kuxhaswa ukulawula. Iimvumelwano zingaba zikarhulumente ezizimeleyo okanye iarhente karhulumente karhulumente. Baya kuba ngummeli kwabaxhasi kunye nekhontraki nabanikezeli be-inshorensi yezempilo ukuze banike izicwangciso kwiindawo zabo. Izivumelwano ziya kulawula iindleko ngokubeka amaxabiso abanikezeli benkonzo yempilo ngokusekelwe kumrhumo-ngeenkonzo. Babeka ixabiso lemali-premiums, abayiqokelela. Amazwe ahlawuliswa ngokuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iiprimi ezivela kubaqeshi nabasebenzi zihlawulwa. Iinkampani ezinabasebenzi abangaphezu kwama-5,000 abafumana ixesha elizeleyo banokubonelela nge-inshurensi yabo ngaphandle kwemibano.
IBhodi lezeMpilo leSizwe
IBhodi lezeMpilo leSizwe lalingumbutho omtsha we-federal. Yabekwa ikhefu kwiindleko zonyango zononophelo kuluntu.
Oko kwakuthetha ukuba ilawulwa yiimali-mali ze-inshorensi zempilo. Kubantu ngabanye, ibeka imingcele kwiindleko eziphezulu ezingaphandle kwee-pocket.
Kwakhona kunqunywe iimfuno ezincinci zokufihla. Ezi ziquka iinkonzo ezininzi zokukhusela, ezifana nokugonywa, i-Pap smears, kunye nokukhenkcola kwe-cholesterol. Kuza kubandakanya kwakhona iimpawu, iimvavanyo zegazi, kunye neemviwo zonyango ngezikhathi ezithile. Ukunyamekelwa kokukhusela kunciphisa iindleko zempilo ngononophelo ngokuchonga nokuphatha izifo ezingapheliyo ngaphambi kokuba zifune uhambo olubi kakhulu kwigumbi lokuphucula.
Umlinganiselo
- NgoSeptemba 1992: UBill Clinton uqalise ingcamango yakhe yokuguqulwa kwezempilo ngexesha lexesha lokuthetha.
- NgoJanuwari 1993: UHillary ubengumongameli kwiQela leMisebenzi kwiNguqulelo yeNkonzo yezeMpilo kaZwelonke. Umcebisi weClinton u-Ira Magaziner uholele imizamo. IQela leMisebenzi lalinamalungu angama-500.
- NgoFebruwari 1993: I-American Association of Physicians kunye nabagqirha bafaka isigwebo sokuba bayeke umyalelo-mali. Inhlangano ibhekiselele ukuba iinkqubo ze-Task Force zazingasese.
- Ngo-Meyi 1993: UHillary wabonisa isicwangciso kubaphathi be-52. AmaRiphablikhi aziva ukuba ulawulo sele luye lwaba lukhulu ekuphuhliseni isicwangciso ngaphandle kwabo. Iqela leMisebenzi lichityiwe.
- NgoJuni 1993: U-Hillary wadibana noogqirha abangama-600 kwiminyaka eyikhulu yeSikhumbuzo seYunivesithi yaseYohn Hopkins kwiNyuvesi ukuze kukhuthazwe isicwangciso sokulungisa impilo.
- NgoSeptemba 23, 1993: UMengameli uClinton wachaza ngokucacileyo isicwangciso kwintetho kwiCongress.
- Oktobha 1993: "UHarry & Louise" iintengiso ziqinisekisile ukuba i-Hillarycare yayinzima kwaye iyingozi. Inkxaso ikhuphuke. Uninzi lweeDemokhrasi zanikezela iziphakamiso zabo kunokuba zixhase icebo lolawulo.
- NgoNovemba 20, 1993: I-Senate I-Leadity Leader uGeorge Mitchell ifake isimali-mali esingu-S.1757 (103rd): UMthetho woKhuseleko lwezeMpilo kwiCongress.
- NgoDisemba 8, 1993: UMengameli uClinton wasayina isivumelwano seNorth American Free Trade Agreement . Oku kuphazamisa amananyano amaninzi, inkxaso eqhubekayo yokunyanzelisa i-Hillarycare.
- NgoSeptemba 26, 1994: I-Senator Mitchell yazisa uMthetho, kunye nazo zonke ezinye iziphakamiso zokuphucula impilo, zifile.
- NgoJanuwari 1998: Ukuba i-bill yagqitywa, oku bekuya kuba ngumhla wokugqibela wamaziko ukuseka imibutho yempilo yesithili.
- Ngowe-2003: Ukuba ibhilikhwe yayidlulile, abasebenzi baza kubhatala irhafu yerhafu nakweyiphi na inzuzo yezempilo eyadlula ipakethe efanelekileyo.
Kutheni Kuthatyathwa
- Oogqirha bakhathazekile ngokunyanzeliswa kwi-HMOs. Babesaba ukuba baya kulahlekelwa ngokupheleleyo kwixabiso, ukunakekelwa, kunye nokonyango. Endaweni yoko, iinkampani ze-inshorensi zempilo ziya kuqhubeka zichaze oko kuza kugutywa kwaye ngubani oya kufumana unyameko. Kukholelwa ukuba yileyo yeso sizathu sokuba i-AAPS ilandele iSigqeba sokuSebenza ngokuphula umthetho weKomiti yeCommittee Advisory Committee.
- I-Congress yayikhathazekile malunga nenani leenzuzo. Bacinga ukuba kuya kwandisa kakhulu kwixabiso lebhajethi.
- Abantu baseMerika abazange bakhathazeke ngeendleko zempilo ngononophelo ngo-1993. Ukunyuka kwemali kwaphela, kwaye abantu bebuyela emsebenzini.
- Imibutho yabasebenzi ayizange ixhase le nyathelo. Babethukuthelele kuMongameli ngokusayina i- NAFTA . Amalungu abo alahlekelwa yimisebenzi xa abavelisi bebahambisa kwiindleko eziphantsi eMexico.
Indlela Yashintsha ngayo Uqoqosho
Iziqendu ze-bill yehlulekayo yaba ngumthetho. UMthetho we-Inshurensi yokuPhathwa kweeNtsholongwane kunye noXanduva lwe-1996 wavumela abasebenzi ukuba bagcine iplani ye-inshorensi yezempilo yenkxaso-mali kwiinyanga ezili-18 emva kokuba belahlekelwe yimisebenzi yabo. I-Senator yeDemocratic Alliance u-Edward Kennedy waseMassachusetts ne-Republican Senator uNancy Kassebaum waseKansas ucebise i-HIPAA.
U-Hillary wenza ukuba uSenators Kennedy no-Orrin Hatch bazise iNkqubo ye-Intshuwalense yezeMpilo yabantwana. I-CHIP inika i-inshurensi yempilo encedisayo kubantwana kwiintsapho ezifumana imali eninzi ukuba zifanele ukufumana iMedicaid. Ngoku ihlanganisa abantwana abayizigidi ezisibhozo. Wongezelela i-$ 1 yezigidigidi kwiprogram yokufikelela ekuncediseni ukuvakalisa inkqubo kwaye ubhalisele abamukeli.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Hillary kubumba umfanekiso wesizwe kaHillary, kwaye kwakungekho nto. I-biographie yeCarl Bernstein Umfazi onxanduva uthi u-Hillary ukufihla kunye nokunyaniseka kwakuxanduva lokungaphumeleli kwesicwangciso kwiCongress. Enyanisweni, ubunzima bebhilikithi bangela ukuxabana phakathi kwabo bonke abasebenzi bezolawulo ababandakanyekayo kule projekthi. Icandelo lokushicilela lathi u-Hillary ubuntu bemizamo yeNdlu ye-White House ukulawula inkqubo.
Kwakhona ibeka umzekelo wokuguqulwa kwezempilo kwiMelika. Isiqinisekiso soMonde kunye noNonophelo ojongene noThathaka ka-2010 uninzi lwezinto ezifana ne-Hillarycare. UMongameli Obama kunye neqela lakhe bafunda kwiimpembelelo zikaClintons ngendlela yokubonisa i-ACA kwiCongress kunye nabantu baseMerika.
Hillarycare Versus Obamacare
Nangona kukho ukufana, kuninzihluko phakathi kwe-Hillarycare kunye ne- Oba macare . Le tshathi ibonisa izicwangciso zecandelo ngalinye:
| Isici | Hillarycare | Obamacare |
|---|---|---|
| Inkcazo yomntu wonke | Bonke abaqeshi | Abaninzi abaqeshi |
| Iimeko ezikhoyo ngaphambili | Ewe | Ewe |
| Ukungabikho komqeshi | Imibutho yempilo yesithili | Iinshorensi zempilo yomshuwalense |
| Ukuthembela kwi-inshorensi | Ewe | Ewe |
| Igunya liphela | Ewe | Ewe |
| Inkcazo efunekayo | Ewe | 10 eziyimfuneko zezempilo |
| Inkxaso-mali engenamvuzo | Ukubonelelwa nguRhulumente waseburhulumenteni | Ukwandiswa kweMedicaid |
| Intlawulo kwi-inshurensi ephakamileyo | Irhafu engenayo | Intlawulo yeCadillac kumashishini |
| Gxininisa kwiNkathazo yokuNqanda | Ewe | Ewe |
| Inkxaso | Ukuchitha imali | Iintlawulo zerhafu |
| Ogqirha bahlawulwa | Intlawulo-ngenkonzo | Kakuhle umonde |
| LweMida | "Ingqungquthela yomngxuma" ayikho | Ukuphelisa "umgodi" |