Isicwangciso soTyalo-mali lwaMazwe ngamazwe ukujongana nokuBambisana kwehlabathi
Kule nqaku, siza kujonga ukuba utshintsho kwiimvumelwano zorhwebo zentengiso lungabachaphazela njani abatyali-mali bamazwe ngamazwe.
Izivumelwano ezininzi zokuHlaliswa kweeRahara
Kukho amakhulu eemvumelwano zorhwebo zamazwe ngamazwe angaphandle, ahlukeneyo kunye namazwe angaphandle. Kwimntla yeMelika, izivumelwano zorhwebo zamahhala ziyaziwa yiSivumelwano seNtengiso yeNorth American (NAFTA) kunye neChanada kunye neMexico, iSivumelwano seShishini soRhwebo samaRhafu (i-TTIP) kunye neMvumelwano yeNtengiso yamaHlani yase-Central (i-DR-CAFTA). yaseMntla Merika, kodwa inesivumelwano ngasinye kunye namanye amazwe angama-12.
EYurophu , kukho izivumelwano ezine zorhwebo zamahhala ezihlukeneyo ezahlukahlukeneyo ezibandakanya amaninzi amazwekazi aseYurophu naseAsia. I-Eurozone yindawo enkulu yokuhweba yamahhala ngobungakanani bezoqoqosho, kodwa ukurhweba ngokukhululekileyo kuqhubeka kwezinye iindawo ngenxa yezivumelwano ezifana ne-European Free Trade Association (i-EFTA) kunye ne-Central European Trade Trade Agreement (CEFTA).
Ezi zivumelwano ziye zasiza i- Eurozone ukufezekisa ukukhula okubalulekileyo ukususela ekusekeni kwayo.
E- Asia , isivumelwano se-Asia-Pacific seRhwebo soRhwebo (Free APFTA) sivumelwano esiphambili phakathi kwamazwe asixhenxe kuquka iChina neIndiya. I-United States yayincongo ukuba i-APFTA idibanise kwi-Trans-Pacific Partnership (i-TPP) ngaphambi ko-2017, kodwa i-TPP ibonakala ingenakwenzeka ukuba idlule emthethweni phantsi kolawulo lweTrump.
Ngokucacileyo, i-TPP yayiza kubandakanyeka iChina kwisivumelwano sorhwebo kunye ne-Asia yonke.
Impembelelo yoqoqosho lweeMvumelwano zoRhwebo
Iimpembelelo zezivumelwano zorhwebo zamahhala yisifundo esixubusheyo. Uninzi lwezoqoqosho lugunyazisa ukuba ezi zivumelwano zizuzisa onke amaqela abandakanyekayo nama 87.5 ekhulwini avuma ukuba i-US kufuneka inciphise okanye ichithe iirhafu eziseleyo okanye izithintelo zorhwebo kunye neepesenti ezingama-90.1 ezingavumelani necebiso lokuba i-US kufuneka ibenqande abaqeshi ekugqithiseni umsebenzi ngaphandle kwamanye amazwe. Oku kuphakamisa ukuba ezininzi iingcali zibona ixabiso elininzi kwezi ntlobo zezivumelwano.
Ngokwe-Rhulumente wase-US, phantse ihafu yeempahla ze-US ezithengisa iimpahla ezixabisa ama-dollar ayizigidi ezingama-700 zaya kumazwe aneemvumelwano zorhwebo zamahhala ngo-2015. Abameli abaninzi bokukhusela bathi izi zivumelwano zonakalisa umsebenzi wokuvelisa ekhaya, kodwa ngokwenene, i-US inomdla I-12 billion yezigidigidi zezorhwebo kunye nentsebenziswano ye-intanethi yamahhala. Oku bubungqina bokuba ezi ntlobo zezivumelwano zinganceda ukukhulisa ukukhula kwabo bonke abathintekayo.
Abagxeki beemvumelwano zorhwebo zamahhala bathi iingxoxo azikhulisi inkululeko yezoqoqosho yabampofu okanye abasebenzi basebenza kwaye zibenza zihlupheke. Abanye bathi amazwe asweleyo akaqondi ukuba inzuzo kangakanani kuba ayinjalo ngokufanelekileyo njengengcaphephe ephakamileyo eneeteknoloji ephezulu yokusebenzisa.
Abapolitiki abaninzi bezopolitiko baye bavuma le ndlela yokuzithethelela ukuphuma kwizivumelwano zorhwebo zamahhala kunye nokulandela i-ajenda zokukhusela.
Iimiphumo kubathengi bamazwe ngamazwe
Izivumelwano zorhwebo zamahhala ziye zachaphazela iziphumo kwizoqoqosho lwelizwe. Nangona igalelo elibanzi lingabangela ukukhula koqoqosho, amashishini athile anokuchaphazeleka ngakumbi kunabanye xa ezi zivumelwano zenziwe okanye zisuswe. Ngokomzekelo, iicandelo zeMoto zaseMexico zingabandezeleka xa i-US iphuma kwi- NAFTA kwaye ikhuthaza abakhiqizi basekhaya ukuba bavelise amacandelo avela kwi-US abenzi bezithuthi.
Abatyalomali bamazwe ngamazwe kufuneka baqaphele iirhulumente ezikhuselekileyo kunye nokukwazi kwabo ukurhoxisa kwizivumelwano zorhwebo zamahhala. Ukuba isivumelwano sisengozini yokutshatyalaliswa, abatyali-mali bangathanda ukucinga ukuhamba kwamashishini angabandezeleka kwaye abe ngama shishini anokulungele ukuzuza.
Amashishini athambekele ekubeni ngumxhamli omkhulu kunazo zonke zokukhusela, ngelixa ama shishini ancike kwi-globalism (njengeteknoloji) athathwe kakhulu.
Ngaphantsi
Izivumelwano zokurhweba zamahhala ziye zaba yintloko yamabhondi kwiminyaka embalwa edlulayo. Nangona inkxaso ephakamileyo evela kubafundi bezoqoqosho, ezi zivumelwano ziye zaphikisana phakathi koluntu kwaye zigxeka ngabameli bokukhusela. Abatyalomali bamazwe ngamazwe bafanele baqaphele inkxaso yezopolitiko kwiimvumelwano zorhwebo zamahhala ngaphakathi kwelizwe elinikeziweyo kwaye babeke iiphothifoliyo zabo ukunciphisa ingozi kumashishini athile.