Yintoni i-ERISA Bond?

Ukuqonda iibhanki ze-ERISA zokuthembeka kunye nesizathu sokuba zifunwa

NgoSeptemba 2, 1974, umthetho obizwa ngokuba ngu-Employee Retirement Income Security Act ka-1974, udla ngokukhawuleza njengo-ERISA, wenziwa emva kokuba udluliselwe yiCongress 93 kwaye wasayinwa ngumthetho nguMongameli uGerald Ford. Kanye nomthetho wecala lomnye umhlalaphantsi-umzekelo, uMthetho woMninimzi wokuThumela umThuthi we-1997, owadala iRoth IRA ; UMthetho weNgeniso ka-1978, owadala i- 401 (k) -I-ERISA ibonakala njengomnye wemithetho embalwa edluliselwe kwimbali yesizwe eshintshile ngokukodwa uhlobo lokucwangcisa umhlala-phantsi kunye nokulawula eUnited States kuba yenze isakhelo solawulo malunga nomqeshi izicwangciso zokuthatha umhlalaphantsi.

Esi sikhokelo sokulawula saba nenjongo ebalulekileyo, eyayikukhusela abasebenzi abathatha inxaxheba kwisicwangciso somhlala-phantsi oxhaswe ngumqeshi, kunye nabo baxhamli baxhamli abanokufumana inzuzo kwisicwangciso.

Abo baqhelekileyo nge-ERISA baya khumbula ukuba iCongress yafuna ukufezekisa le njongo ngeendlela ezintathu eziyaziwayo, ngasinye sinoxhaswa yimithetho nemimiselo emininzi: 1. Kwakudinga ukuba abaqeshi baxelele ulwazi oluthile, kuquka ulwazi oluthile lwezezimali, malunga Isicwangciso somhlala-phantsi esixhaswe ngumqashi, 2. Senza imithetho yokuziphatha efunekayo kulabo abenza isigqibo sokucwangcisa icebo elixhaswe ngumqashi , kunye ne-3. Yanike isicwangciso sabathathi-nxaxheba kunye nabaxhamli bezithathi-nxaxheba, amalungelo athile e-US federal kwinkqubo yenkundla, kuquka ukunika inkundla yamagunya omthetho kunye nokuvumela abathathi-nxaxheba kunye nabaxhamli babo ukuba baphathwe kakubi ngenxa yokungaziphathi kakuhle okanye ukungakwazi ukusebenza kwecwangciso abaxhasi ilungelo lokufuna ukubuyisela nokulungisa.

Enye yale mithetho nemimiselo ibandakanya into eyaziwa njenge-ERISA.

Yintoni i-ERISA Bond?

Ubambiswano lwe-ERISA, owaziwa ngokuba yi-ERISA Fidelity Bond okanye i-Fidelity Bond, ngumgaqo-nkqubo womshuwalense okhethekileyo okhusela isicwangciso somhlala phantsi phantsi kwe-Employee Retirement Revenue Act Act (ERISA) ngokubhekiselele kwiilahleko ezibangelwa ukukhwabanisa okanye ukungathembeki.

Ngokubhekiselele kwiSebe lezeMisebenzi, eli liziko lekarhulumente elijongene nokulawula i-ERISA nokuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa komthetho, inkcazo yobuqhetseba okanye ukungathembekanga njengoko kubhekiselele kwiibhanki ze-ERISA ziquka "i-larceny, ubusela, ubuqhetseba, ukuchithwa, ukusetyenziswa kakubi, ukuchithwa kakubi, ukuguqulwa okungalunganga, ukusetyenziswa kakubi, kunye nezinye izenzo ".

I-ERISA Ibhondi eyahlukileyo njani kwezinye iindidi ze-inshorensi?

Iibhanki ze-ERISA zinemimiselo echanekileyo kunye neemeko ezimele zifakwe ukwenzela ukuba zihambelane nomthetho kunye nemigaqo yeSebe lezabasebenzi. Okokuqala, i-ERISA ibhondi ayikwazi ukubandakanya nayiphi na inkunkuma okanye ezinye izibonelelo eziya kubangela umphumo wezomnotho ofanayo kunye nokuxothwa kwintrakthi ye-inshurensi kuba zonke ilahleko ezibangelwa ubuqhetseba okanye ukungathembeki kufuneka zifakwe kwi-penny yokuqala. Okwesibini, isibambiso se-ERISA kufuneka sichaze ngokucacileyo isicwangciso somhlala-phantsi esixhaswe ngumqeshi ngokwazo njengelungelo lomgaqo-nkqubo we-inshorensi ukwenzela ukuba isicwangciso, kwaye ngoko isicwangciso sabathathi-nxaxheba kunye nabaxhamli babo, singabuyiselwa.

Ubungakanani Ubungqina Bomshuwalense Ngaba i-ERISA Bond Ifuna ukuquka?

Xa sicinga ukuba sixoxa ngesicwangciso somhlala-phantsi esisodwa esikhatywe ngumqeshi, i-ERISA yokubambisana ngokubambisana ijwayele ukumiselwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Umntu ngamnye ophethe okanye ukufikelela kwimali, kubandakanywa imali kunye / okanye i-securities yesicwangciso somhlala-phantsi oxhaswe ngumqeshi, kufuneka ahlanganiswe ukuya kwi-10 ekhulwini yemali awayeyisebenzisayo okanye leyo ayifumana ngayo kunyaka odlulileyo .
• Ingxelo ayikwazi ukuba ngaphantsi kwama-$ 1,000 okanye ngaphezulu kwama-500,000 amawaka ngaphandle kokuba isicwangciso somhlala-phantsi esixhaswe ngumqeshi siquka iziqinisekiso ezikhutshwe ngumqeshi-umz., Inkampani enjenge-Procter neGamble ebambe isabelo se-P & G esesisigxina esifanayo kwisicwangciso-apho Ukufunwa okufunekayo akunakudlula i-$ 1,000,000.

Ngokomzekelo, ukuba ubalekele ishishini eliphumelelayo elinama-7,000,000 kwiimpahla ezipheleleyo kwisicwangciso, isicwangciso asiququzeleli ziqinisekiso ezikhutshwe ngumqeshi, kwaye kwakukho abasebenzi ababini abanokufikelela kwimali, ngamnye ngamnye kubasebenzi uya kufuneka phantsi kwesicwangciso se-ERISA kwisivumelwano se-$ 500,000.

Oku kunjalo kuba i-$ 7,000,000 x 10 yeepesenti = $ 700,000 kodwa i-700,000 i-$ 700,000 idlula i-ERISA evumelekileyo ibhondi ye-$ 500,000. Ukuba, ngakolunye uhlangothi, esi sicwangciso sasibandakanya izitifiketi ezixhaswe ngumqeshi, ngamnye ngamnye kubasebenzi bafuna ukufunyanwa kwi $ 700,000 kuba i-700,000 yee-dollar ingaphantsi kwe-$ 1,000,000 ye-cap ephezulu esetyenziswa kwizicwangciso eziphethe ezo ntlobo zotyalo-mali.

Qaphela ukuba umqeshi unako ukugqiba ukuthenga iimali ezinkulu zokuxhaswa phantsi koxanduva lwayo lwe-ERISA ukukhusela abathathi-nxaxheba kunye nabaxhamli babo nakuba iSebe lezeMisebenzi libonisa ukuba oku kuya kubandakanya isigqibo sokugqibela malunga nokuba iirhwebo ezingaphezulu kweendleko ezifanelekileyo zongezelelweyo iinzuzo.

Ngubani omele i-ERISA Bond?

Ngenxa yokuba i-ERISA ibanjelwe isicwangciso somhlala-phantsi esixhaswe ngumqeshi ngokwawo, kuthathwa njengamkelekileyo kwiplani exhaswe ngumqeshi ukuhlawula iiprisimesi zentlawulo ye-ERISA ngokusebenzisa i-plan yemali.

Ngubani ofunekayo ukuba afihliwe yi-ERISA Bond?

ISebe lezeMisebenzi lichaza ukuba "umntu [o] ophethe iipropati okanye ezinye ipropati" isicwangciso sokuxhamla umqeshwa kufuneka ukuba anqunywe ngaphandle kokuba ahlanganiswe ukukhululwa phantsi kwe-ERISA. , ukuphatha, ukuhlawula, okanye ukusetyenziswa okanye ukulawula isicwangciso semali okanye isakhiwo 'ngaphandle kokubambisana ngokufanelekileyo.' [Umthombo: Ikhasi 2 leSebe lezeMisebenzi, Ukufumana okufanelekileyo - Yazi uxanduva lwakho lwe-Fiduciary - Khusela iSicwangciso soNcedo lwaBasebenzi bakho nge-ERISA Fidelity Bond ].

Ngeenjongo ze-ERISA, igama elithi "imali" liquka uluhlu olubanzi lwempahla; umzekelo, iSebe lezeMisebenzi libeka phambili ukuba "umhlaba kunye nezakhiwo, iimali zokubolekwa kwemali, kunye neemfanelo ezinkampanini eziphathiswe ngokubambisene" zifakwe kwingcaciso ukuze ungathethi nje ngeengxowa-mali ezithengiswa esidlangalaleni, amabhondi , imali , i -currency-exchange finance , njl. Igama elithi "imali" libandakanya umrhumo womqeshi kunye nomsebenzi, nokuba ngaba loo mrhumo inesimo semali, ukuhlola okanye enye impahla, njengoko i-ERISA ibhondi kufuneka ibe kwindawo yokukhusela abo iimpahla ezigqithisiweyo okanye ngandlela-thile ziphosakeleyo ngaphambi kokuba zityalwe.

ISebe lezeMsebenzi liyaqhubeka kuloo ncwadi ukufumana iimvavanyo ezi-6 ezibonisa ukuba umntu "uyayiphatha" imali ngunyaka ongaphambili. Ezi mvavanyo zi:

1. Ingaba loo mntu unxibelelwano lomzimba kunye nemali, ukuhlola, okanye impahla efana nayo kwisicwangciso somhlala-phantsi oxhaswe ngumqeshi?
2. Ingaba umntu unalo igunya okanye igunya lokudlulisa imali evela kwisicwangciso somhlala-phantsi esixhaswe ngumqeshi kuye okanye kumntu wesithathu?
3. Ingaba umntu unalo igunya okanye amandla okuxoxisana nesakhiwo sepropati? ISebe lezeMisebenzi linikeza imizekelo efana nokuthatha imali yokuthenga imali kwiqonga le-estate, ukubamba isihloko kumhlaba okanye kwizakhiwo, okanye ukufumana izatifikethi zezitokisi.
4. Ingaba loo mntu unamanye amagunya okuhlawula okanye ugunyazisi wokuhlawula imali?
5. Ingaba umntu unalo igunya lokutyikitya iireki okanye ezinye iilwimi ezixhaswayo ezibhekiselele kwimali kwisicwangciso esixhaswe ngumqeshi?
6. Ngaba lo mntu "unomsebenzi wokuphatha okanye ukwenza isigqibo malunga nemisebenzi edinga ukuxhamla"?

Kwintliziyo yale mvavanyo ngumzamo oqhelekileyo wokufumanisa ukuba umntu okanye unalo ithuba lokuba okanye ukuwasebenzisa kakubi impahla okanye igunya lokukwenza ngokutshintsha imigaqo okanye abantu abaphethe ixabiso.

Yintoni eyahlukileyo phakathi kwe-1st-Party ERISA Bond kunye ne-3-Party Party ERISA Bond?

Ibhondi ye-ERISA ye-1st yinye isicwangciso sokuthatha umhlala-phantsi esixhaswe ngumqeshi sifumana sona. Ibhondi ye-ERISA ye-3 yumbutho ojongene nomboneleli wesevisi, njengomcebisi- mali obhalisiweyo isicwangciso sele siqeshwe ukulawula ifa lempahla. Kwimeko yebhanki ye-ERISA ye-3, umniki-nkonzo unika ngokubanzi inkampani yomshuwalense uluhlu lwazo zonke i-akhawunti ze-ERISA okanye iiplani ezilawulayo. Kwiibhanki ze-ERISA ze-3-party, ixabiso lokufikelela lingadlulela kwimida echazwe ngaphambili ngenxa yokuba isicwangciso ngasinye okanye i-akhawunti ibalwa ngokwayo.

Ziziphi iindidi zeeNkampani ze-inshurensi ezivunyelwe ukukhupha i-ERISA Bonds?

I-market ye-ERISA ye-bond bond ilawulwa kakhulu. Iibhanki ze-ERISA kufuneka zikhutshwe ngumgcini-phantsi, njengenkampani yokuqinisekisa okanye umgcini-mboleko, ochazwe kwipapasho esemthethweni karhulumente eyaziwa njengeSebe leeNcwadi zoNondyebo zeeNkcazo ezivunyelweyo, iSetyhula 570. ISebe lezeMisebenzi libona ukuba, kwiimeko ezithile eziqhelekanga azisebenzisi kwizicwangciso ezininzi, i-ERISA ibhondi iyafumaneka kwiimveliso ze-inshurensi ezikhethekileyo ezibizwa ngokuba ngabakwa-Underwriters eLloyds yaseLondon.

Kukho enye ibanjwa: Iibhanki ze-ERISA kufuneka zinikezelwe yinkampani yomshuwalense ozimele kwaye ifunyenwe ngumthengisi womshuwalense ozimele. Ukuba unentshisekelo ebalulekileyo yemali kuyo, awukwazi ukuthenga intlawulo yakho ye-ERISA ngokusebenzisa loo shishini. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba unayo ishishini lokuvelisa kodwa unesigxina esikhulu kwiziko lomshuwalense wendawo, awukwazi ukuthenga intsebenziswano ye-ERISA kwishishini lakho lokuvelisa ngeziko lakho le-inshurensi.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na izimo apho umntu okanye iSicwangciso siKhululwa kwiSimfuneko sokugcina i-ERISA Bond Boverage?

Ewe. Iibhanki ze-ERISA azidingeki ukuba:

• Iibutho ezifakwe kwiCandelo 1 le-ERISA, ezibandakanya izicwangciso zomhlala-phantsi, iiprogram zomhlala phantsi, kunye nezinye izicwangciso. Kwimeko yangaphambili, le nto yenziwa njengendawo yokuhlala kwimibutho yonqulo ukuphucula umthwalo wabo wokulawula nokunika unyango olukhethekileyo olunikezwayo, ngokufanelekileyo okanye ngokungalunganga, njengenxalenye enkulu kwimibutho yokunceda.
• Ezinye iintlobo zemibutho ebandakanyekayo kwicandelo lezezimali kwaye sele sele ilawulwa kakhulu. Ngokutsho kweSebe lezeMisebenzi, oku kubandakanya, "iibhanki ezithile, iinkampani zomshuwalense kunye nabathengisi ababhalisiweyo kunye nabathengisi".
• Izicwangciso zomhlala-phantsi ezixhaswe ngumqeshi "ezingahlawulwanga ngokupheleleyo"; oko kukuthi, abo apho izicwangciso zenzuzo ziyimfanelo kunye nezibophelelo zomqeshi.

Zingakanani Iindleko zee-ERISA?

Iindaba ezilungileyo kukuba iibhanki ze-ERISA zithengeka kakhulu. ngokukhawuleza phakathi kwexabiso elincinci lokuthenga i-inshorensi ephezulu kwiimarike xa ucinga ukuba inani elipheleleyo lifunyenwe. Ngokuqhelekileyo, isibophelelo se-ERISA asiyi kubiza ngaphezu kwamakhulu ambalwa okanye amawaka ayizigidi zamadola ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu bomlinganiselo wesicwangciso somhlala-phantsi oxhaswe ngumqeshi.

Inqaku lokugqibela malunga ne-ERISA Bonds

Iibhanki ze-ERISA zenzelwe ukukhusela izicwangciso zomhlala-phantsi ezixhaswe ngumqeshi ukusuka ekuphathweni kakubi kwalabo abasebenzisa imali okanye i-fiduciaries ephethe isicwangciso. Njengemveliso yomshuwalense, intsebenziswano ye-ERISA ihluke ngokusisiseko kwi-inshurensi yemfanelo ye-inshurensi. Olu hlobo luhlobo olukhethekileyo lwenkontirensi yomshuwalense enokubambisa okanye zombini i-fiduciary kunye / okanye isicwangciso sokulwa nokuphulwa komthwalo wemfanelo.