Izinto ezibalulekileyo zeNgcaciso zeSizwe ezijongene nazo
izitokisi ezinomlinganiselo ophezulu kuncike kwikota yentengiso yehlabathi.
Kule ngqaku, siza kujonga ingozi ehambelana nokutyalomali-mali kunye neentlobo eziphezulu eziphezulu.
Yintoni Ingozi Yomhlaba WezoTyalo-mali?
Umngcipheko wokutyalomali wehlabathi jikelele lixesha elibanzi elibandakanya iintlobo ezininzi ezahlukahlukeneyo zemingcipheko yomhlaba wonke, kubandakanywa ingozi yemali, ingozi yezopolitiko kunye neengozi zentengo. Abatyalomali bamazwe ngamazwe bafanele baqwalasele ngenyameko le mingcipheko phambi kokuba batyalwe kwiimpahla zehlabathi.
Iingozi ezintathu zokubeka utyalo-mali jikelele ziquka:
- Umngcipheko weMali ngumngcipheko ohambelana nokuguquka kwemali yangaphandle kunye ne-dollar yase-US. Ngokomzekelo, inkampani yangaphandle ingaxela ukukhula kweepesenti ezingama-25, kodwa ukuba imali yayo yangaphakathi iyancipha ngama-10 ekhulwini ngokumalunga ne-dollar yase-US, ukukhula kwangempela kwimivuzo engama-15 kuphela xa inzuzo iguqulwa ibe yiidola zase-US.
- Umngcipheko wezopolitiko unobungozi obunxulumene noorhulumente bamanye amazwe kunye nezopolitiko. Ngokomzekelo, iBrazil yavelisa inxalenye yenkampani enkulu yeoli ye-oyile - uPetroleo Brasiliero - ekuhambeni okubangela ukuba abatyali-mali abaninzi balahlekelwe yimali. Inkcazo yokwenza ulwaphulo-mthetho olubandakanya inkampani iqhube isabelo nakwehla.
- Inzala yomngcipheko mngcipheko mngcipheko weenguqu ezingathandekiyo kwimigaqo-mali. Ngokomzekelo, uqoqosho loqoqosho olusakhulayo luya kuthatha isigqibo sokuba ukukhula kwalo ngokukhawuleza kwaye kusebenze ukuqukwa kwexabiso lentengo ngokunyuka kwamazinga enzala. Ezi zintengiselwano zingaba nefuthe elibi kwixabiso leempahla zeemali ezixabiso elisekelwe kuloo mivuzo.
Indlela efanelekileyo yokunciphisa umngcipheko wotyalo-mali ophezulu kwihlabathi iifolfoliyo zehlabathi jikelele. Ngokomzekelo, iifowuni zonke zehlabathi zase-US zibonelela ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zamazwe ahlukeneyo kunye neeklasi ze-asethi emhlabeni wonke, okunciphisa ingozi ehambelana naliphi na ilizwe.
Ukulinganisa Ingozi yokuTyala kweMali
Kukho iindlela ezininzi ezahlukileyo zokulinganisela umngcipheko wokutyalomali wehlabathi, kubandakanywa amanyathelo amanani kunye nokulinganisa. Abatyala-mali belizwe lonke kufuneka baqwalasele ukudibanisa kwezi ndlela xa kuhlolwa ingozi yokutyalo-mali.
Iimilinganiselo ezinobungozi eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya:
- I-Beta ilinganisela ukutshatyalaliswa kokutsalwa kotyalo-mali ngokuthelekiswa nesalathisi sokutsalwa. Ngokomzekelo, abatyali-zimali base-US banokulinganisa ukungahambisani kwezitshixo zangaphandle ngokuthelekisa kwi-S & P 500 yechenchmarkmark index nge-coafficient ye-beta. I-beta ephakamileyo ibonisa ukunyaniseka okukhulu.
- I- Sharpe Ratio inokubuyisela ukubuyiswa okutshintshiselwe ingozi kwenkxaso ngexesha lexesha. Umlinganiselo ubalwa ngokuhlula umyinge we-fund ye-fund yezinga lokungabikho kwemingcipheko yokubuyisela. IiRatios eziPhakamileyo eziPhakamileyo zibonisa ukubuyiswa okulungele ukulungiswa komngcipheko.
Umngcipheko wokutyalomali wehlabathi jikelele ungabuye uhlolwe ngekhwalithi usebenzisa iindlela ezifana:
- Ukulinganisa ngetyala kukubonelela ngekhwalithi yekhredithi yelizwe. Ngokomzekelo, ilizwe elinezinga eliphantsi lokuthenga ngetyala lingenakho ukuguquguquka okufunekayo ukuze kuphuhliswe ukukhula, oku kunokukhokelela ekunciphiseni ukulinganiswa kwemali.
- Ukulinganiswa kohlalutyo kunokubonelela ngeenkcukacha ezithile kwiimfuno zamazwe ngamazwe. Amaxesha amaninzi, ezi ziphumo ziquka iithagethi zentengo kunye nezinye izinto zokuqwalasela, nangona ukulinganiswa kwamacandelo okuhlalutya kufuneka kuthathwe ngqolowa yetyuwa.
Abatyalomali kufuneka baqwalasele indlela ezi zinto zidlala ngayo kwiiphothifoliyo zazo. Iiphothifoliyo zomhlala phantsi zingathanda ukunamathela kwiitoksi ezincinci, ngelixa abatshali-mali abancinci bangathanda ukucinga ukungongeza ukungaxhamli kubangelwa ukuba banikezele ngokuphindaphinda ixesha elide lokubuya.
Ngaba i-Global Investment Worth Worth ingozi?
Ukwahlukahlukana kwehlabathi jikelele kunceda ukunciphisa izinga lokunyanzeliswa kweepotfoliyo kwixesha elide. Kwixesha elifutshane, abatyali-mali banokuthatha inxaxheba kuyo nayiphi na imarike yembutho iphela. I-US ingakhokelela ihlabathi ngexesha elithile, kodwa zikhona ezinye izihlandlo xa elinye ilizwe okanye ivenkile liza kuthumela ingxelo engcono.
Ngokomzekelo, ukubonakaliswa kweempahla ezahlukahlukeneyo ezingezantsi zase-US phakathi kwee-1980 ziza kuphazamisa iipotifoliyo zasekhaya kuphela.
Ukunyuswa kwemali kunokunceda ekuphuculeni ulwahlulo , kuba aluhambelani nokusebenza kwezabulungisa. Ulungelelaniso oluncinci kunye ne-US equities lithetha ukuba abatyali-mali bangabaninzi baze babuyele ixesha. Ngokutsho kweVanguard, ukunyakaza kwemali kwandisile ukunyanzeliswa kwamanqanaba angewona ase-US malunga no-2.7% phakathi ko-1970 no-2013 kwaye umniki-mali unika ithemba lokuba imali iya kuqhubeka ibe yintlupheko ebalulekileyo kwixesha elizayo.
Ngaphantsi
Utyalo-mali lwamazwe lonke luye lwaba luyimfuneko ngokukhawuleza ixesha, kodwa abatyali-mali kufuneka baqwalasele ngokukodwa ingozi yokutyalomali. Iindaba ezilungileyo kukuba kukho ezininzi izixhobo ezahlukeneyo ezikhoyo ukulinganisa le mngcipheko nokuqinisekisa ukuxuba okufanelekileyo nakwephi na iphothifoliyo. I-Vanguard incoma ukunika ubuncinane ama-20 ekhulwini kwipotfoliyo ukuya kutyalo-mali lwamazwe ngamazwe okanye mhlawumbi ngakumbi kuxhomekeke kwiimali zentengo utshintsho kwixesha.