Izizathu eziphezulu zokukhetha iikhompyutheni ze-Investment
Kutheni i-index index ikhuphe imali elawulwa ngempumelelo ? Kwixesha elingaphezu kwexesha elide, iimali zenkcazo zemali zibuyele eziphezulu kunokuba zisebenzisana nabo ngokuzimeleyo ngezizathu ezilula .
Nazi izizathu ezininzi zokuthenga iimali zenkcazo:
Iimali zekhowudi zilawulwa ngokungapheli
Iimali zee-Index, ezifana ne -S & P 500 Index Index , zijoliswe ukufanisa iibhanki ( amasheya ezinkampani ) kunye nokusebenza kwethengiselwano lokuthengiswa kwamasheya, njengeS & P 500.
Ngenxa yoko akukho mfuneko yokuba uphando olunzulu kunye nohlalutyo olufunekayo ukuze zifune iisitokhi ezingenza ngcono kunezinye ngexesha lokunika ixesha.
Ubume obunzima buvumela umngcipheko omncinci kunye neendleko eziphantsi .
Inkcazo yemali ikhupha ' umngcipheko wolawulo
Abaphathi beNgxowa ngabantu, oko kuthetha ukuba banokumelana nemvakalelo yabantu, njengokuhaha, ukukhathazeka kunye ne-hubris. Ngokwemvelo, umsebenzi wabo ukubetha imarike, oko kuthetha ukuba kufuneka bathabathe umngcipheko werhwebo olongezelelweyo ukuze bafumane iimbuyekezo eziyimfuneko ukuze bafumane ezo ntlawulo. Ngako oko, ukuhlengahlengisa kususa uhlobo lomngcipheko esinokubiza ngokuba "ngumngcipheko kumphathi." Akukho mngcipheko wangempela wesiphambeko somntu kunye nomphathi weengxowa-mali, ubuncinane ngokukhetha kwezinto.
Kwakhona, nokuba umphathi wezikhwama osebenzayo onokukwazi ukuphepha ukuthinteka kweemvakalelo zabo zomntu akakwazi ukuphepha kwimpembelelo engafanelekiyo kwaye engapheliyo yenkomo. Njengoko i-economist eyaziwayo uJohan Maynard Keynes yatshilo, "Iimarike zingakwazi ukuhlala zingenangqiqo kunokuba ungakwazi ukuhlala usombululo." Ngamanye amazwi, umphathi wengxowa-mali onamava olwazi olukhulu, ubuchule kunye nokulawulwa kwemvakalelo akanakukwazi ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza nangokuphumelelayo ukuhlaselwa kwesihlwele.
Olu buhlungu alusebenzi kuphela kwi-marketside: Abaphathi beengxowa-mali ezixhaphakileyo bahlala bebona ukuhla kweemarike kodwa baqala ukuxhomekeka kwabo kwaye iimarike ziyaqhubeka zihambela phezulu ukuya kwixesha elide emva kokuba umphathi wezezimali elahlekelwe yimbuyekezo enhle.
Iimali zeeNkcazo zineziXhobo eziNcinci zeNdleko
Iingxowa-mali zobudlelwane azenzile zona kunye nabanikezela ngemali-mali kunye noluntu ukuze bafumane inqanaba lembuyekezo kwimigudu yabo.
Nangona kunjalo, njengoko kuchaziwe ngaphambili kweli nqaku, iingxelo zemali zilawulwa ngokunganyanzelwanga, ngoko ke indleko, ezichazwe njengeNkcitho yoNycitho , yokulawula i-fund ixhomeke kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nezo mali ezibandakanyekayo ekubetheni ixabiso lemarike. Ngamanye amagama, kuba abaphathi beengxowa-mali abazame "ukubetha imarike" banokukugcina (umtyalomali) imali engakumbi ngokugcina iindleko zolawulo phantsi kwaye ngokugcina ezo ndleko zokugcina imali ezibekwe kwi-fund.
Uninzi lweengxowa-mali zilinganise iindleko ezingaphantsi kwe-0.20%, kanti umyinge-mali olawulayo olawulwayo uya kuba neendleko ze-1,50% okanye ngaphezulu. Oku kuthetha ukuba, ngokwemyinge, utyalo-mali-mali-mali unokuqala unyaka ngamnye nge-1.30% intloko eqala kwiimali ezilawulwa ngempumelelo. Oku kungabonakali njengenzuzo enkulu kodwa i-1.00% ekhokelayo rhoqo ngonyaka yenza kube nzima ukuba abaphathi bezimali baxhaphaze ukubetha imali yeenkcazo kwixesha elide. Nabo abaphathi bezimali abangcono kakhulu kwihlabathi abakwazi ukubetha ngokuqhubekayo i-S & P 500 iminyaka engaphezu kwe-5 kwaye ukugijima kweminyaka eyi-10 yokuphumelela ngokumalunga neendleko ezinkulu zeemarike kungekudala kungabonakali kwihlabathi lokutshala imali.
Iimali zekhompyutheni azikho izinto eziqhelekileyo
Iimali zee-Index, ingakumbi i- S & P 500 Iimali zeeNkcukacha zeeNkcazo , zilondoloza inani elikhulu labatyalomali kunye namaqondo aphakamileyo asethi.
Akunalo iindwangu zengqumbo okanye iingxowa ekuthandeni okanye ekuzinzeni. Nguwo amandla.
Ngokwahlukileyo, ezininzi iimali eziphathekayo eziphathekayo eziphathekayo zithandwa ngenxa yokuba umphathi wezikhwama uye wabetha amanqanaba emarike ngokuqhubekayo ngaphezu kweminyaka embalwa. Njengoko abatyali-mali abaninzi baqaphela indlela efanelekileyo, i-fund fund iyakha into ephezulu (imali-mali-mali). Oku kungabikho ngeendlela ezimbini: 1) Umphathi wezikhwama unyanzelekile ukuba athenge amasheya angaphezulu kweenkampani ezinkulu okanye izitokethi engazithenganga xa i-assets assets ziyingcinci (lo tshintsho kuthiwa yi- style drift ) kwaye 2) I-streak eshushu iphela kwaye abatyali-mali bayaphuma kwi-fund kwinani elikhulu, okudala umbandela wokuthengisa (umphathi kufuneka athengise ukugcinwa kwempahla ukudala imali engaphezulu kubathengi abaphumayo), enokudala ukudonsa kwintsebenzo kwabo batyali-mali usalubambe i-fund.
Inkcazo yeengxowa-mali ityala ixesha lokufumana izinto eziphambili
Enye yeengcamango eziphambili zokutyalo-mali kuzo zonke iindidi zeengxowa-mali zentsebenziswano ukwenza lula ukutshala imali kwaye kufinyeleleke kumyinge okanye umtyalo-zimali oqalayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukhetho lweemali eziphathekayo kakhulu lunokuchitha ixesha, ingakumbi ukuba umtyalo-mali ufuna ukutyalwa kuphela kwiqela leemali ezilawulwa ngokuzithandela.
Ukutshala imali kwiinkcazo zemali kunciphise ixesha kunye namandla asetyenzisiweyo ekuphanda iimali nokulawula iphothifoliyo , ekhulula ixesha elide lokuchitha kwizinto eziphambili ebomini ukuba imali oyibeke kuyo ihloselwe ukuphucula kwindawo yokuqala.
Ukuziphendulela: Ulwazi olukule ndawo lunikezelwa ngeenjongo zengxoxo kuphela, kwaye akufanele lichazwe ngokungeniswa njengeengcebiso zotyalo-mali. Ngaphandle kweemeko ngaba le nkcazelo ibonisa isincomo sokuthenga okanye ukuthengisa iziqinisekiso.