Ngaba Ufanele Utyalole kumazwe angaphandle?

Utyalo-mali lwangaphandle longeza ulwahlulo kodwa kukho iingozi

Ukutshala imali kumazwe angaphandle kukukhethwa kwintshorensi ngabanye. Ngenhlanhla, ukufika kweemali ezixhaswa ngamazwe kunye neengxowa -mali ezithengiswayo (ETFs) zenze kube lula kunanini ngaphambili. Kodwa, utyalo-mali ubeka ngaphandle kwelinye isigqibo? Njengamaxesha onke, isigqibo sokutshala imali kumazwe angaphandle sithembele kakhulu kwiinjongo zakho zotyalo-mali, kodwa eli nqaku liza kujonga ezinye iinkqubo kunye neengxaki.

Kutheni Kutyala imali kumazwe angaphandle?

Umgaqo oyintloko wokutyalo-mali kukufuna ukubuyiswa okulungelelaniso lomngcipheko omkhulu (obizwa ngokuba yi-alpha). Ngokwenene, ufuna ukukhulisa inzuzo eyenziwe ngaphaya komlinganiselo wengozi uthathe naliphi na utyalo-mali. Enye yezona ndlela ezilungileyo zokufezekisa oku kukudityaniswa, okuye kwabonakaliswa imathematika ekuphuculeni ukubuyiselwa kwembuyekezo.

Iphothifoliyo ehlukeneyo ngokufanelekileyo igcina ubuncinane i-8-10 iimpahla ezingenakunyaniswa (okanye, izinto ezingashukumiyo ngokumalunga nomnye) zisasazeka kumashishini athile kunye neendawo zokuhlala, eziqinisekisa ukuba isiganeko esibi kwiimarike enye asiyi kubachaphazela kakubi yonke iphothifoliyo. Ngenxa yoko, utyalo-mali kumazwe angaphandle (ulwahlulo lwendawo) luyindlela ebalulekileyo yokuphucula ukubuyiswa kweengxaki ngokulungelelanisa .

Umzekelo, iVanguard MSCI EAFE ETF (NYSE: EFA) inokulungiswa kwe-0.78 kunye ne-S & P 500 SPDR ETF (i-NYSE: SPY), ngelixa i-iShares MSCI eziMakethe yeeMakethe ye-ETF (i-NYSE: i-EEM) ine-0.69 yokulungiswa, ngokutsho Idatha yeenyanga-6 evela kwi-ETFScreen.com iphelile ngoJanuwari 9, 2017.

Iimpahla ezininzi zasemakhaya kunye neengxowa-mali zinokulungelelanisa kakhulu okunciphisa ukuhlukahluka.

Kuphi Utyalo-mali Lwamanye amazwe?

I-US iyaziwa emhlabeni wonke ngokutyalomali-mali, ngokufana nezibopheko zeeNondye kunye neenkampani ze-blue-chip . Ngokufanayo, amazwe angaphandle ahlala afana neentlobo zawo zokutyalomali, ukusuka kwizinto eziya kwiimpahla ezikhulayo.

Ngenxa yoko, abatyali-mali abafuna ezi ntlobo zotyalo-mali bangathanda ukukhangela ukusebenzisa izitokhwe zangaphandle ukuzalisa ukungabikho komsebenzi ukuphucula ulwahlulo.

Amazwe angaphandle kumazwe ebizwa nge- BRIC (iBrazil, Russia, India kunye neChina) aziwa ngokubanzi ngamathuba abo okukhula. La mazwe ahlangene namazinga amanqanaba okukhula koqoqosho, oku kuncedisa iinkampani ezininzi ngaphakathi. Nangona kunjalo, njengawo nawuphi na uhlanga oluphuhlisayo, kukho ingozi eyongeziweyo enxulumene nokukwazi ukulawula ngempumelelo ukukhula kwexesha elide.

Amanye amazwe ayaziwa kwiindawo ezithile zokugxila. Ngokomzekelo, iNigeria iyaziwa ngokuba yingozi yoshishino lweoli ye-offshore; I-Chile idume ngamaminerali angabonakaliyo; ICanada iyaziwa ngenxa yeendandatho zegolide kunye neoli; kwaye iMbindi Mpuma iyathandwa ngamathuba ayo oyile kunye negesi. Ilizwe ngalinye lasemzini linemihlaba yalo yojoliso lwezoqoqosho kunye neprofayili yokufumana umvuzo kubafaki-zimali behlabathi.

Iingozi ezibalulekileyo zokutshala imali ngaphandle

Kukho iingozi zokutshala imali kwiliphi na ilizwe okanye iimarike-kuquka i-United States-yoko kutheni iphothifoliyo eyahlukeneyo ibaluleke kakhulu. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba i-US yenza iphutha kwimigaqo-mali kunye ne-dollar yanciphisa phantsi, bekungeke kube kuhle ukutyalomali kwamanye amazwe angathintekiyo?

Nangona kunjalo, kukho imingcipheko emininzi ehambelana nxamnye nolunye ulwabiwo-mali.

Nazi ezinye zintathu zingozi:

• Ingozi yokuTshintshiselwa kweMali: Iinkampani zamanye amazwe zivame ukuvelisa ukuthengisa kunye neengeniso kwimali yabo yendawo - njengama-euro okanye amaFrans angamaSwitzerland . Ngenxa yoko, abatyali-zimali base-US kufuneka baguqule ezi currenti kwiidola zase-US ngexesha elithile. Ngelishwa, izinga lokutshintshiselana phakathi kweemali litshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha, kwaye lukhokelela ekuzuzeni okungalindelekanga okanye ukulahleka.
• Umngcipheko wezobupolitika : Iinkampani zamanye amazwe zisebenza kumazwe angabhekana nobungozi bezopolitiko, njengobungqongquthela okanye abamelwane abanokubandezela. Umzekelo, iSouth Korea ibhekene nengozi yokuhlaselwa yiNorth Korea. Ngenxa yoko, abatyali-mali kufuneka baqwalasele ngenyameko ingozi edibeneyo namazwe abafaka kuyo.

• Ingozi yezoQoqosho kunye neNgxowa-mali: Iinkampani zangaphandle zihlala zixhomekeke kwimpilo yezoqoqosho lwazo. Nangona i-US inexabiso le-AAA, kukho amazwe amaninzi anokulinganiswa kotyalo-mali ukususela ekufuphi-okugqibeleleyo kwibakala lokutsalwa kwezolimo. Kwaye, iziganeko zezoqoqosho ezimbi kula mazwe zinokuchaphazela iinkampani ezisebenzayo ngaphakathi.

Amaphuzu athathweyo

• Utyalo-mali lwamazwe ngamazwe lusemtsha kubakho abatyale-mali, ngokunyuka kweemali kunye kunye nee-ETs zijolise kumathuba omhlaba.
• Ukukhetha iindawo ezifanelekileyo zokutsalwa kotyalomali lwamazwe ngamazwe kuxhomekeka kakhulu kwiimfuno zomtyalomali kunye nalapho bafuna ukujolisa kwiinkunzi zabo.
• Kukho iingozi ezininzi ezinxulumene nokutyalomali-jikelele, kuquka nemingcipheko yemali, ingozi ye-geopolitical, kunye neengozi zemboleko, phakathi kwabanye.