Kutheni i-World Zone enkulu kakhulu yokurhweba yehlulekile
Iingxoxo zaqala emva kokugqitywa kwesivumelwano soMrhweba weNtengiso yamaNorth America ngo-1994 kwaye kwakufuneka ukuba sigqitywe ngoJanuwari 1, 2005.
Kodwa iVenezuela , iArgentina, iBolivia, kunye neBrazil bachasene nale ngxelo. Ngo-2002, iingxoxo zaqala ukugqithiswa njengeenkokeli ezandula zikhethiweyo zaqala ukuchasana neenkcukacha ezininzi eziye zaxoxwa ngawo. Ngelo xesha, babefuna uManyeneyo waseMerika waseMelika. Le ngcamango, eyaziwa ngokuba yi "Bolivarism," icetyiswa nguMongameli waseVenezuela uHugo Chavez. Kwakuxhaswa ngamandla nguMongameli waseBolivia uEvo Morales kunye noMongameli wase-Argentina uNestor Kirchner. ngokuxhaswa ngoMongameli waseBrazil uLizz Inacio Lula da Silva. La mazwe akhokelela ekudalweni kweentengiso ze-Mercosur kunye ne- Banco de Sur .
Ngenxa yoko, iintetho ze-FTAA zashiywe ngoNovemba 2004. Kunoko, iUnited States kunye namazwe amathandathu asayina iSivumelwano saseHlabathi sase- Central America saseDominican Republic, ngo-Agasti 2004. Lawo mazwe aquka iHonduras, i-El Salvador, iGuatemala, iNicaragua, iCosta Rica kunye neDominican Republic.
I-CAFTA yanda ukuthengiswa kweempahla ngamaphesenti angama-71, ukuya kwii-60 zeebhiliyoni ngo-2013.
Njengazo ezinye izivumelwano zorhwebo, i-FTAA yayiza kwandisa urhwebo ngokukhupha iirhafu kunye nezinye iimali zorhwebo. Kuya kuphucula ukufikelela kweemarike kwiinkampani ngokunciphisa ukulawulwa kwamasiko, ukunciphisa izithintelo zobugcisa kwezohwebo, kunye nokuphuculwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo.
Kuza kukhusela amalungelo olungelo lobunikazi, kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo kunye nokukhuselwa kwabasebenzi. Uninzi lwezixhobo ezisemgangathweni zikaRhulumente, ezinjenge-telecommunications, umbane kunye ne-inshurensi kuya kuvulelwa ukutshala imali ngqo.
Amazwe eLungu
Ukuba bekuvunyiwe, i-FTAA yayiza kuba phakathi kwawo onke amazwe. Nangona kunjalo, abaninzi babo baye basayina izivumelwano zorhwebo okanye iimvumelwano zotyalo-mali kunye ne-United States kunoko, kuboniswe nge-hotlink kwisivumelwano.
Intshona Melika : Canada , United States
Amazwe aseCaribbean: i-Antigua neBarbuda, iBahamas, iBarbados, iDominica, iRiphabliki yaseRominican , iGrenada, iGuyana, iHaiti, iJamaica, i-Saint Kitts ne-Nevis, i-Saint Lucia, i-Saint Vincent ne-Grenadines, iSuriname, iTrinidad neTobago.
I-Central America : Belize, Costa Rica , El Salvador , eGuatemala , eHonduras , eMexico , eNicaragua , ePanama.
UMzantsi Melika: I- Argentina, iBolivia, eBrazil, eChile, Columbia, e-Ecuador, eParaguay, ePeru, e-Uruguay, eVenezuela.
Iinkonzo
Isivumelwano siya kudibanisa indawo yokurhweba ekhonza abantu abali-972bhiliyoni abantu abavelisa i-$ 25.4 trillion kwimveliso emveliso engaphantsi kweminyaka ngo-2014. Oku bekuya kwenza ukuba kube yimvumelwano enkulu yokuthengisa yamahhala ehamba phambili kwihlabathi. Njenga-NAFTA, bekuya kunika amaMerika ithuba lokukhuphisana xa bekhuphisana kwi-intanethi yehlabathi kunye neYurophu yaseYurophu, kunye nezivumelwano ezininzi zorhwebo ezisungulwe yiChina kwiphondo yasePacific.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwiingxoxo zokugqibela, kunokuncedisa iinkampani kumazwe amancinci ukukhuphisana nalabo abasemagunyeni aseMexico naseBrazil ngokubanika ukufikelela kwezo marike, kunye ne-United States neCanada. Imarike enkulu yasekhaya yisinye sezizathu zokuthi iUnited States ihambelane kakuhle nemveliso yabathengi kunye nezobuchwepheshe. Imveliso emitsha inokuvavanywa kule marike ngaphambi kokuba ithunyelwe phesheya. Iinkampani ezincinci ziye zazuza ngokunjalo kwi-teknoloji nakwiinkqubo zokuvelisa zanamhlanje ukuba zidibanisa neenkampani ezinkulu zase-US.
Eli shishini elikhulu liza kunikezela ezi nkampani ukuba zikwazi ukuphuhlisa uqoqosho lwezinga, ngoko kuyimfuneko ukunciphisa iindleko zokusebenza. Ngaphandle koko, kunzima kakhulu kumashishini kumazwe amancinci ukuba ancintisane jikelele nakweyiphi na enye ngaphandle kwe-business niche.
Oko ke, kwenza kube nzima kumazwe ukuba aphunyuke kwisiseko sezoqoqosho zendabuko.
Umxhasi
I-FTAA yayineengxaki ezifanayo eziye zaphazamisa i-NAFTA kunye ne-CAFTA kwaye yaqeda isivumelwano sezorhwebo seDoha kwiindlela zayo. Yiyo inzuzo yokuncintisana ngokungafanelekileyo yokuba inkxaso-mali ye-US federal inikezela i-American farm export. Amafama asekhaya asekuhlaleni angakwazi ukukhuphisana nomkhukula wemveliso yokutya e-US, ukubeka ezininzi kwi-shishini. Ngenxa yoko, babeya kunyanzelwa ukuba bathathe imisebenzi kwiimveliso zase-US ezifudukela kumazwe abo. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zikhundla ezizinzileyo - iifemu zihanjiswe kwiindawo eziphantsi. Imisebenzi ihlawule ngokuphantsi kwaye ayihambisani nemigangatho yemisebenzi yase-US.
Abalimi abangashiyi amazwe abo baphoqeleka ukuba bazuze ngakumbi, kodwa kungekho mthethweni, izityalo ezifana ne-coca, i-poppies kunye ne-mariju ngokuphendula kumanani aphakamileyo, okanye ukunyanzeliswa ngokuthe ngqo, kwiinqwelo zeeyilethi. Ubundlobongela obangelwayo bubangela ukufuduka kwamandla amakhulu, kokusemthethweni nangokungekho mthethweni, eUnited States.
Kwakhona kwabandezeleka kweminye ingxaki. Amazwe kufuneka aphathe iinkampani njengemibutho esemthethweni njengabantu. Abanye bathi oku kuthetha, umzekelo, iinkampani zinokumangalela oorhulumente ngenzuzo elahlekileyo ngenxa yemithetho elawulayo ekhusela abasebenzi, abathengi okanye indawo.
Amazwe ayengeke anakho ukukhusela nayiphi na amashishini amancinci amancinci njengamafama. Akunakufuna ukuba iinkampani zangaphandle ziqeqeshe iinkampani zendawo kwi-teknoloji ephambili okanye abasebenzi bazo kwizakhono ezifunekayo zokuziqhuba kwaye baqhube uphando lwabo. Le teknoloji kunye nokuthunyelwa kwezakhono yiChina, kwaye esinye sezizathu zokukhula kwelo lizwe.
Okokugqibela, kodwa ubuncinane, iinkampani zangaphandle azifunanga kwi-FTAA ukwabelana ngeenzuzo zabo ngamazwe angingqi okanye uluntu. Oku kuthetha ukuba banokuthenga okanye ukuqeshisa ipropati ephathekayo yezinto eziphathekayo, ngoko ke yifake ixabiso lam, kwaye ungabelani inzuzo kunye nelizwe okanye abantu bayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abantu basekuhlaleni banqatshelwe uluntu lwabo, baqeshwe ukuba basebenzele iinkampani, baze bashiye ukungcola kunye nezifo ezibangelwayo.
I-FTAA ngokuthelekiswa nezinye izivumelwano zoRhwebo
I-CAFTA incinci kunezinye izivumelwano zorhwebo zengingqi, njenge-NAFTA, njengamanje indawo enkulu yokuhweba inkululeko enkulu yehlabathi. Bekungayi kuba yinto encinci yeTransatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership phakathi kwe-United States kunye ne- European Union kunye ne-TPP, ukuba zigqitywe.
Imbali
Emva kokuba i-NAFTA isayinwe, iUnited States yalungiselela iNkomfa yeMerika ngoDisemba 1994 eMiami. Ngaloo xesha, amaninzi amazwe aseMerika ayefuna ukusebenzisa inzuzo eyayiza kunceda ummandla ukukhuphisana ne-EU. Nangona kunjalo, encinci yenziwa de kube ngowama-1998, xa amazwe amisa iikomiti zokusebenza ukujongana neendawo eziphambili zokuxoxisana: ukufikelela kweemarike; utyalo; iinkonzo; rhu lumente; ukulungiswa kwemibango; zolimo; amalungelo epropati; uncediso, ukuxhatshazwa kunye nemisebenzi ephikisayo; kunye nomgaqo wokukhuphisana.