Indlela iNgcaciso Yehlabathi Elichaphazela ngayo Abatyalo-mali Bamazwe Ophela
Kule nqaku, siza kujonga ngaphaya kweempembelelo zansuku zonke zehlabathi kunye nokuchaphazeleka kwezoqoqosho ezichaphazela abatyalo-mali behlabathi.
IiNzuzo zoBume behlabathi bezoqoqosho
Uninzi lwezoqoqosho lugunyazisa ukuba ihlabathi lehlabathi linika inzuzo enetyenziswano kumhlaba ngamnye, ngokwenza iimarike ziphumelele, ukwandisa ukhuphiswano, ukunciphisa impi yezempi kunye nokusabalalisa ubutyebi ngokulinganayo kwihlabathi jikelele. Nangona kunjalo, uluntu jikelele lujonge ukuba iindleko ezihambelana nokudityaniswa kwemibutho yehlabathi zixhomekeke kwiintlobo, ngokukodwa kwixesha elifutshane, eliye ladala iingxaki esiza kuzihlola kwicandelo elilandelayo ngokukhusela .
I-Milken Institute of Globalization ye-World Economy Report ibonisa ezininzi iingenelo ezinxulumene nokudityaniswa kwehlabathi xa zichaza ezinye zeengozi ezichaphazelekayo oorhulumente kunye nabatyalomali kufuneka bajonge. Kodwa, ngokubanzi, kukho intsebenziswano phakathi kwezoqoqosho-mali ukuba uluntu lwehlabathi lubonelela ngenzuzo kwiintlanga ehlabathini lonke kwaye ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba yamukelwe kulo lonke uorhulumente nabantu ngabanye.
Ezinye zeenzuzo zehlabathi jikelele ziquka:
- Investment Direct . Utyalo-mali oluchanekileyo lwangaphandle ("I-FDI") landa ukunyuka kwizinga eliphezulu kakhulu kunokwanda kwezorhwebo lehlabathi, ekuncediseni ukwandiswa kweteknoloji, ukulungiswa kwamashishini kunye nokukhula kweenkampani zehlabathi.
- Innovation Innovation . Ukhuphiswano olukhuphiswano oluvela kwihlabathi jikelele luyakhuthaza ukuphuhliswa kweteknoloji entsha, ngokukodwa ngokukhula kwe-FDI, enceda ekuphuculeni ukuveliswa kwezoqoqosho ngokwenza iinkqubo ziphumelele.
- Uqoqosho lweSikolo . Ukubambisana kwehlabathi kubangela ukuba iinkampani ezinkulu zikwazi ukuqonda ubutyebi bezinga elinciphisa iindleko kunye namaxabiso, okuxhasa oko kukuxhasa ukukhula koqoqosho , nangona oku kungabangela amaninzi amashishini amancinci azama ukukhuphisana nomhlaba.
Ezinye zeengozi zehlabathi jikelele ziquka:
- Ukunganyaniseki. Ukubambisana kwehlabathi kukukhokelela ekubambisaneni phakathi kweentlanga, ezinokubangela ukungaqiniseki kommandla okanye wehlabathi ukuba ukuguqulwa kwezoqoqosho zendawo kuphelisa ukuchaphazela inani elikhulu lamazwe ancike kuzo.
- Ulawulo lweSizwe. Abanye babona ukunyuka kwamazwe, iifemu ezizweni jikelele okanye ihlabathi jikelele kunye neminye imibutho yamazwe ngamazwe njengosongelo kulongamo. Ekugqibeleni, oku kunokubangela ukuba ezinye iinkokeli zibe zizwe okanye zizwe.
- Ukusasazwa kwezoBulungisa. Iintlobo zokubambisana kwehlabathi zingabhekiswa ngokuthe tye kwiintlanga ezizityebi okanye ngabanye, ukudala ukungalingani okukhulu kunye nokukhokelela kwiingxabano ezinokubakho ezizweni jikelele nakwamanye amazwe ngenxa yoko.
Iirhafu kunye nezinye iifom zokukhusela
Inkxwaleko yezoqoqosho ngo-2008 yabangela abaninzi bezopolitiko ukuba bazibuze ukufaneleka kwehlabathi. Ukususela ngoko, ukuhlawuleka kwehlabathi jikelele kuye kwavela kwi-$ 11 trillion ngo-2007 ukuya kwesithathu kweso sibalo ngo-2012. Nangona ezinye zezinto ezinokuthi ziba ngumongo, amazwe amaninzi aphunyezwe iintlawulo kunye nezinye iindlela zokukhusela ezicwangciswe ukuba zibe nomngcipheko kwiinkqubo zabo zezimali kwaye benze ingxaki ingonakalisi kakhulu, nangona oko kuza kwiindleko zokushiya iintlawulo esizibonayo.
E-US naseYurophu , imimiselo emitsha yebhanki yasungulwa ukuba i-flow flow flows to limit the risk of contagion. Iirhafu ziye zafakwa ekukhuseleni amashishini asemakhaya abonwa njengabalulekile, njengamaxabiso angama-127% ase-US kwiziqulatho zamaphepha aseTshayina okanye i-Japan 778% yentlawulo yeerayisi. Emazweni asathuthukayo , la manani awona mbi kakhulu, kunye neentlawulo zeBrazil ziphindwe ezine ukuya phezulu kuneziMelika kunye nezihlandlo ezintathu eziphezulu kunezoChina.
Unyulo lukaDonald Trump eUnited States kunye nevoti yaseBritani ukuba ihambe kwiYurophu YaseYurophu - eyaziwa ngokuba yi- Brexit- nayo ibenegalelo kwinkqubela yokulwa nehlabathi. Le mizila iqhutywe yimvakalelo yokulwa nokufudukela eYurophu, nangona ukhetho oluye lwafika ngo-2017 lubonakaliswe ngokubanzi ngokubanzi-jikelele kwehlabathi ngaphandle kokulwa noluntu.
Ukubambisana kwehlabathi kungenakuphepheka ngaphezu kwexesha elide, kodwa kukho iindawo ezininzi ezihamba endleleni endleleni efutshane. Ezi ngxube zivame ukukhuselwa yimiphumo yezoqoqosho okanye nemiphumo emibi yokubambisana kwehlabathi, kodwa ekugqibeleni, ihlabathi liye lakwazi ukufunda ukuba ukukhuselwa kukukhusela imeko engalunganga.
Ngaphantsi
Ukubambisana kwehlabathi kuye kwachaphazela phantse zonke iinkalo zobomi banamhlanje kwaye iyaqhubeka iyinamandla ekhulayo kwihlabathi loqoqosho. Nangona kukho iingxaki ezithintekayo kwihlabathi-jikelele, abaninzi bezoqoqosho bavuma ukuba ngumandla ongenakwenzeka kwaye awuncedo kumnotho wehlabathi. Kukho kubekho ixesha lokukhusela kunye nobuzwe kwixesha elidlulileyo, kodwa ukudibanisa kwehlabathi kuyaqhubeka kuyisisombululo esamkelekileyo kakhulu sokuqinisekisa ukukhula koqoqosho oluqhubekayo emhlabeni jikelele.