Kutheni i-Worried Worries About Inflation
I-PCEPI ikhulisa isilumkiso malunga nokunyuka kwamaxabiso ngelixa kuhla kwembonakaliso kubonisa ukuchaswa . Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-PCE price index, i-PCEPI kunye ne-PCE deflator.
Imveliso engundoqo yePCE
Inkcazo yexabiso le-PCE iphinda ilinganise ukunyuka kwamaxabiso . Akubandakanyi ioli, i-gesi kunye nexabiso lokutya . NgoFebruwari 2018, ixabiso eliphambili lalingama-1.6 ekhulwini kunyaka ophezulu kunyaka .
Iimarike zeemveliso zithengisa amaxabiso eoli, oko kuyachaphazela i-gas kunye namaxabiso okutya. Xa abathengisi balindele ukunikezelwa kweoli okanye iimfuno ziya kutshintsha, bacacisa ngexabiso leoli. Amandla edoli achaphazela nexabiso leoli. Inkcazo yentengo ye-PCE isusa loo ntsholongwane kwaye inika umfanekiso ochanileyo wokunyuka kwamaxabiso okwenene. Ibika malunga nazo zonke iintlobo zokunyuka kwamaxabiso .
Indlela ekubalwa ngayo
I- Bureau yoHlolo loQoqosho iqikelela ixabiso le-PCE lenyanga nganye. Isebenzisa idatha efanayo edala ingxelo yengxelo yemveliso yangaphakathi kwikota. Kodwa le ngxelo ibonisa imilinganiselo yokuveliswa kwemveliso, kunye ne-PCE yexabiso lexabiso lokuthengwa kwabathengi. I-BEA iguqula njani ingxelo ye-GDP kwi-index ye-PCE yexabiso?
Okokuqala, i-BEA ilinganisela ukuba kusetyenziswe ubuninzi kangakanani ngokusekelwe kwidata ye-GDP evela kubaboneleli.
Oko kubandakanya ukuthunyelwa kwabafaki, iimali zentlawulo, iinkonzo zamkeli, kunye neekomishishini zokuthengiswa kwemali. Emva koko, idibanisa ukungenisa iimveliso . Emva koko kususa iintengiso kunye neenguqu kwi-inventory ukucacisa inani elikhoyo lokusetyenziswa kwendlu. I-BEA inikezela umphumo kubathengi basekhaya.
Isisiseko salokhu kwidatha yomthombo worhwebo, idatha yobalo, kunye nokuhlolwa kweengeniso zendlu.
Isinyathelo sokugqibela siquka ukuguqula amaxabiso, ayenamanani entengiso, ekupheleni kwexabiso elihlawulwe ngumthengi. I-BEA isekela amaxabiso kwi- Index Index Price . Inkcazo yexabiso le-PCE iquka uqikelelo oluvela kwiminye imithombo yamanani. Yongeza iindleko zengeniso, iirhafu kunye neendleko zokuhamba. Oko kwenza ukuba kusekelwe ngokubanzi ngokubanzi. I-BEA ibandakanya iinkcukacha ezivela kwi-Cens Bureau ye-Economic Censuses, ii-Akhawunti ze-International Transactions, kunye nee-arhente ezikarhulumente ezahlukeneyo. Ngokomzekelo, intengo yokutya ekhulile kwaye idliwe kwifama ivela kwi-USDA. Umda womthengisi weemoto ezisetyenziswayo kunye namaloli kuthathwa ngqo kwi-National Association Dealers Dealers Association.
Ekubeni ingxelo ye-GDP yilekota, kwaye ixabiso lePCE lithengiswa ngenyanga, i-BEA kufuneka iqikelele ngakumbi ukuba igcwalise i-gap. Yenza oku kusebenzisa ingxelo yokuthengisa yenyanga. Kwakhona, i-BEA ihlaziya zonke izibalo zayo ngokusebenzisa idatha evela kwi-US Population Census yonke iminyaka eyi-10. (Umthombo: "IiPhepha zoLwazi," I-NIPA Handbook: Iingcamango nezindlela ze-US National Revenue and Accounts Accounts, Isahluko 5: Iindleko zeNdleko zoLuntu, i-Bureau of Analysis of Economic.)
Ixabiso le-PCE Index Versus CPI
Inkcazo yexabiso le-PCE yinkcitho engaphantsi kwexabiso elithe laziwa. Abantu abaninzi baqhelana neNkcazo yeNtengo yabathengi. Uphi umehluko? I-index ye-PCE isebenzisa idatha esuka kwingxelo ye-GDP kunye namashishini. I-CPI ithathwa kwiiphando zemizi ezenziwe yi- Bureau of Labor Statistics . Uphonononga iintsapho ezili-14 500 kunye nama-23,000 amashishini abahlala rhoqo. I-BLS iqokelela ixabiso lama-80,000 izinto zabathengi. I-CPI ibandakanya iintlawulo zentengiso, kodwa ingeniso yentlawulo. Ngolunye uphando lwe-CPI, iya kwiwebhusayithi ye-BLS.
Inkcazo yamanani e-PCE iqokelela idatha kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeempahla kunye neenkonzo ngaphandle kweCPI. Umzekelo, inkcazo yexabiso le-PCE ibonisa iinkonzo zonyango zemali ezihlawulwe ngumshuwalense wezempilo oxhaswe ngumqeshi i-Medicare neMedicaid. I-CPI ibalwa kuphela iinkonzo zonyango ezihlawulwe ngqo ngabathengi.
Okwesibini, inkcazo yexabiso le-PCE kunye ne-CPI zisebenzisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zefomula ukubala utshintsho lwexabiso. Ifomula ye-CPI inokuthi ibhengeze ixabiso elibanzi kwi-petroli. Izibalo ze-PCE zirhoxisa eli xabiso. Oku kwenza i-PCE ibe yinto engathandekiyo kuneCPI. (Umthombo: Jill Mislinski, "Iimilinganiselo ezimbini ze-Inflation: Uhlaziyo olutsha," Iingcebiso zoMcebisi, uAgasti 29, 2016.)
Ukulinganiswa kokuFundiswa kweMali
NgoJanuwari 2012, i- Federal Reserve yathi kwintlanganiso yayo yenyanga ye- FOMC ukuba iya kusebenzisa i-index ye-PCE yexabiso lexabiso eliphambili njengemilinganiselo ephambili yokunyuka kwamaxabiso. Ukuba izinga lokunyuka kwexabiso lentengo liphezulu ngaphezu kwepesenti ze -Fed ezi- 2 ezijolise kwixabiso lokunyuka kwamaxabiso kwithuba elongezelelweyo, ngoko i-Fed iza kuthatha inyathelo lokuthintela ukunyuka kwamaxabiso . Umgca wokuqala wokukhusela ukhusela isantya semali esondliwe , kodwa inamanye amathuluzi amaninzi. I-Fed isebenzisa isantya sokunyuka kwamaxabiso ngenxa yokutya, ioli kunye neerhasi amaxabiso ahamba ngokukhawuleza, ngakumbi entwasahlobo nasehlobo, kwaye izixhobo ze-Fed zithatha ixesha elide ukwenza.
Kutheni i-Index yePore yexabiso lePCE yahlanjululwa
NgoJulayi 2009, i-BEA yahlengahlengisa oko kwakubandakanyiweyo kwinqanaba lexabiso le-PCE. Ngoku iquka amaxabiso ezokutya zokutya kunye nokutya kwezilwanyana. Nangona ezi zizinto zokutya, i-BEA idibanisa ukutya kweevenkile phantsi kweenkonzo zokutya kunye nokutya kwezilwanyana phantsi kwezilwanyana ezifuywayo . I-BEA ibona ixabiso lezonka zokutya kunye nokutya kwezilwanyana zezilwanyana ukuba zingabi zizenzekelayo kunezinto zokutya zokugcina ukutya. Oko kuyinyani imifuno entsha efunekayo ukuba ihambe ngeenqwelo ezide kwaye ke iyahluka kunye nexabiso leoli kunye negesi. Amanani okutshintsha kokutya kwezilwanyana kunye nezidlo zokutyela ziyakubonakalisa ukunyuka kwexabiso langempela.
Iinqaku ezihambelanayo: Ukunciphisa imiphumo ye-Inflation | I-PCE Inflation Distpersion | Ukuhlaziywa kwamaxabiso emveliso ye-PCE