Amanyathelo amahlanu okuthabatha ngoku
Okuchaphazela zonke ezinye iirhafu . Iyakwandisa ngokuthe ngqo amanani okugcina imali, ii-CD, kunye ne-akhawunti yemarike yemali. Ibhanki nayo isebenzise ukukhokela iirhafu zexesha elifutshane.
Ezi zibandakanya iimboleko zemali, amakhadi enkokhelo, imigangatho yokulingana kweentengo zemali kunye neengxowa-mboleko zerhafu . Isantya se-Fed senyuke ngokungathanga ngqo sithintela iireyithi zangexesha elide, njengama -mortgages ahlawulisiweyo kunye neemboleko zemali. Enye yezona zinto zibaluleke kakhulu ezenza ixabiso lentengo .
Indlela ekuchaphazela ngayo
Ukunyuka kwezinga lokuhlawula imali kuthetha ukuba iibhanki ziya kukuhlawulela inzala ephezulu kwi-savings yakho. Kodwa baya kuhlawulisa ngakumbi ukuboleka imali.
I-akhawunti yokulondoloza, ii-CD kunye nemarike yemali. Iingxowa zentengo yesiseko seBhanki kuzo zonke ii-akhawunti ezingenisiweyo ezifumanekayo kwi- London Interbank Offer Rate . I-Libor iimbalwa ezimbalwa zeshumi kwinqanaba elingaphezulu kwezinga lemali elondliwe. I-Libor ibhanki yemali ibhathane ngokukodwa ngemali-mboleko emfutshane.
Iingxelo zengeniso eziqhotyoshelweyo ziquka i-akhawunti yokulondoloza, iimali zemarike yemali kunye neziqinisekiso zokufaka idiphozi . Uninzi lwezi zilandela inyanga enye iLibor. IiCD zamaxesha ade zilandela iireyithi zeLibor zangexesha elide. Funda iMbali yeLibor xa kuthelekiswa ne-Fed Funds Rate .
Amanani ekhadi lesikweletu. Amanani eebhanki zeekhredithi zamatyala ekhredithi kwizinga eliphambili . Ngokuqhelekileyo amaphuzu amathathu aphakamileyo kunezinga lokuxhaswa kwemali. Ixabiso lokubaluleka yiloo nto abayithengayo abathengi babo abafanelekileyo kakhulu kwiimali-mboleko zexesha elifutshane. Ireyiti yekhredithi yekhadi lakho lekhredithi liya kuba li-8 ukuya kuma-17 amanqaku angaphezulu kunezinga eliphambili. Kuxhomekeke kumhlobo wekhadi onayo kunye namanqaku akho ekhredithi .
Ukufumana okungakumbi, jonga iBhodi yoKhuseleko lwezeMali .
Imigangatho yokulingana kweentengo zemboleko kunye neengxowa-mboleko zerhafu. Ixabiso lemali elondliwe ngokukhawuleza likhokela ngokukodwa ukuboleka kwemali . Ezi zibandakanya imigangatho yokulingana yaseburhulumenteni kunye nayiphina imirhumo yemirhumo. (Umthombo: "Indlela yokusingatha iimali zakho njengoko i-Fed iphakamisa amaRhafu," i-New York Times, ngoDisemba 15, 2015.)
Iimali-mboleko zexesha elizenzekelayo. Isantya se-Fed sichaphazela ngokungathanga ngqo ixabiso lentlawulo egxininisiweyo kwimali- mboleko yeminyaka emithathu ukuya emihlanu. Kungenxa yokuba iibhanki azisisiseko kwezi nqanaba eliphezulu, iLibor, okanye ixabiso lemali elondliwe. Bazibeka kwi-one-, ezintathu-nonyaka kunye neenqununu ze- Nondyebo . Iintlawulo ziyi-total returns investors receive for holding Treasurys. Isilinganiso ohlawulayo siya kuba malunga neepesenti ezi-2 eziphezulu ngaphezu kweNondyebo inqaku lexesha elifanayo.
Isantya semali esondliwa ngumnye wezinto ezichaphazela izivuno zezibhengezo zeNondyebo. Isebe le- Nondyebo yase-United States lithengisa kwi-intengiso. Iphakamileyo imfuno, ixabiso elingaphantsi kwintlawulo urhulumente kufuneka ahlawule. Oku kuthetha ukuba inzala yabo inomdla kuxhomekeke kubathengi bemvakalelo. Ngokomzekelo, abatyali-mali bafuna ngaphezulu i-Treasurys xa kukho uxinzelelo lwezoqoqosho jikelele . Ii-Treasurys zikhuselekile kakhulu kuba urhulumente wase-US uqinisekisa ukuhlawula.
Njengoko uqoqosho luphucula, akukho mfuneko encinane. Oko kuthetha ukuba urhulumente uya kufuneka akhokhe izinga lentengo ephezulu. Kwaye uNondyebo unokufumana amaninzi ngenxa yokuba ityala le-US lilinganiselwa kuma-20 trillion .
Enye into efuna ukuba idola livela kubarhwebi be-forex . Xa kufuneka ukuba idola likhuphuke, kunjalo, kufuneka i-Treasury. Kungenxa yokuba oorhulumente abaninzi bamazwe angaphandle babamba i-Treasurys njengendlela yokutshala imali kwi-dollar yase-US. Bathenga kwiimarike zesekondari . Ukuba imfuno yedola iyomeleza, kukho imfuno ephezulu ye-Treasury. Oku thumela amaxabiso phezulu kodwa kuvelisa .
Ukuba kukho imfuno ephezulu yedola kunye noNondyebo, izivuno kwiimali-mali zeNondyebo zingawa. Oku kunokunciphisa naluphi na ukwanda kwinqanaba le-Fed xa ixabiso liphezulu ngokwaneleyo. Kodwa akunakwenzeka. Njengoko uqoqosho luphucula, imfuno ye-Treasury iyawa.
Ngenxa yoko, iirhafu zemali kwi-auto kunye nezinye iimali-mboleko zexesha elifutshane ziphakanyiswa kunye neqondo lokunyusa imali.
Imirhumo yemali kunye neengxowa-mali zabafundi. Amabhanki abuye ahlawule ireyithi yemali-mboleko yemali ehleliweyo kwiingxowa-mali. Iimali-mboleko zemali emithathu neminyaka emihlanu zisekelwe kwinqanaba leNondyebo ye-5. Bafaka ixabiso lentengo kwiminyaka eyi-15 yee-mortgages kwi-markmark ye- 10 yeNondyebo inqaku . Isilinganiso seminyaka eyi-15 yemali esetyenziselwe ukuhlawulwa kwemali malunga nendawo ephakamileyo kuneNondyebo. Kwakhona, okongeziweyo kunjalo ibhanki ingenza inzuzo kunye neendleko zokufihla. Ngenxa yoko, izibophelelo zithintela ngqo kwiirhafu zenzala .
Bond . Unakho ubophelelo lwee- bond njengenxalenye ye-IRA okanye i-401-k. Iibhondi zibolekwa kwiinkampani kunye noorhulumente. Ukuba unesibophelelo, wenza imali kwintlawulo yemali ehlawulwe kuyo. Le mali isetyenziswe ebomini bhondi. Njengoko isantya semali esondliwe sinyuka, inzala yezinye iintlawulo ziya kuphakama ukuze zihlale zikhuphisana. Oko kuthetha ukuba izibophelelo ziya kuba ngotyalo-mali olungcono kwixesha elizayo. Kodwa ukuba uthengisa i-bond yakho, kuya kuba nexabiso elincinci. Kungenxa yokuba inika inzala engaphantsi kunezinye iibhondi. Ngaphezulu, jonga njani iibhondi ezichaphazela uqoqosho?
Kungenzeka ukuba unakho uxanduva lweemali ezihlangeneyo. Iirhafu zenzalo eziphezulu azicedisi imali. Ukuxhaswa kuphela kuphakamisa amaxabiso xa uqoqosho luqhuba kakuhle. Kwimeko apho, abaninzi abatyali-mali bathenga amasheya angaphezulu. Oko kwenza izibophelelo zingabonakali. Oko kuphazamisa ukubaluleka kweemali zebhondi. Ngaphezulu, jonga njani iibhanki zithinta njani i-Stock Market?
Amanyathelo amahlanu okuthabatha ngoku
1. Ukuhlawula nayiphi na ityala lekhadi lesikweletu. Umlinganiselo wakho wenzala uza kunyuka kwiminyaka emibini ezayo njengoko iFed iphakamisa amazinga.
2. Ukuziva ngcono xa usindisa. Uza kuzuza ngaphezulu. Kodwa musa ukukhiya kwi-CD emithathu okanye emihlanu. Njengoko iFed iphakamisa amaxabiso aphakama kunyaka ozayo, uya kulahleka kwimbuyekezo ephezulu.
3. Ukuba ufuna ukuthenga izixhobo zombane, ifenitshala okanye okanye imoto entsha, musa ukuhlaziya. Amanqanaba omdla kulawo matyala aya kunyuswa. Baya kufikelela phezulu kwiminyaka emithathu ezayo.
Kuyafana ukuba ufuna ukuhlaziya okanye ukuthenga indlu entsha. Amanani omdla kwi-mortgages rate rate ekhuphuke ngoku. Baya kuqhubeka ukwenza njalo kwiminyaka emithathu ezayo. Ngoko umbuzo wakho webbhanki malunga nento eyenzekayo xa uhlawulelo lwamaxabiso emali. Baya kuba sezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu kwiminyaka emithathu ukuya kwemihlanu. Unokuba ngcono kangcono kunye ne-mortgage rate rate. Yingakho ngoku kungabakho ixesha lokufumana imali .
4. Thetha kumcebisi wakho wezemali malunga nokunciphisa inani lemali ebophelelweyo. Kufuneka uhlale unemibandela yokugcina iipotifoliyo ezahlukileyo. Ziyinqaba elungileyo malunga neengxaki zezoqoqosho. Kodwa oku akusixesha elifanelekileyo lokungeza iimali ezininzi zebhondi. Esikhundleni saloo nto, iimasheya zingcono ukutshala imali njengoko iFed iyaqhubeka iphakamisa amaxabiso.
5. Nika ingqalelo ngokukhawuleza kwiimpapasho zeKomiti ye-Federal Open Market. Leyo yikomiti ye-Federal Reserve ephakamisa amaxabiso enzala. Idibana namaxesha asibhozo ngonyaka. Nantsi isimiso seentlanganiso ze-2018 ze- FOMC . Fumana ukuba i-Fed iphakamisa njani iiRhafu?