Yintoni eyenza Ukuxinezeleka Kunzima Kakhulu Kunokuba Kubuyele?
Inkcazo : Ukunyuka kwemali kukuhla kwehla kwezoqoqosho okuhlala ubuncinane kwiinyanga ezintandathu. Ukudakumba kukuhla kwexesha elidlulileyo elihlala iminyaka emininzi. Ngokomzekelo, ukunyuka kwemali kudla ixesha elide kwiinyanga ezili-18, ngelixa ixinzelelo lwakutshanje lugqiba iminyaka elishumi. Kuye kubekho ukusukela kuma-33 ukusuka ngo-1854. Kuye kubekho uxinzelelo olulodwa ukususela ngoko, i -Great Depress of 1929 . Kwakuyinxalenye yentlangano eyadlulayo ukususela ngo-Agasti 1929 ukuya ku-Matshi 1933, kwaye omnye ukususela ngo-Meyi 1937 ukuya kuJuni 1938. Ukuba uyazibuza ukuba sisisifo sokudakumba okanye ukunyuka kweemali, mhlawumbi sisuka kwimali.
Kwiimeko eziphantsi komhlaba, izivumelwano zomkhiqizo wesiqhelo esingaphandle kwemigangatho yesibini. Kodwa akukho konke. Kukho izibonakaliso ezininzi zezoqoqosho ezibonisa ukunyuka kwemali. Kungenxa yokuba ukukhula kweGDP kuya kudla ngokukhawuleza kwiindawo eziliqela ngaphambi kokuba kuguquke. Oko kusabela kwisidenge esithengiweyo somthengi. Ukudandatheka kukunyuka kweemali eziye zadlula iminyaka, kungekhona enye indawo, yokuqhekeka koqoqosho. Kunzima kakhulu kunomdaniso. Ukungabikho kwemisebenzi kufinyelela kuma-25 ekhulwini, ixabiso lezindlu liyanqumla ngamaphesenti angama-30, kwaye amaxabiso awela kuma-10 ekhulwini. Ngaphezulu, jonga Imiphumo yoLwaphulo olukhulu . Indlela efanelekileyo yokufumana ukuba sisetyenzisweni okanye ukuxinezeleka kukuqonda apho sisesemjikelezweni webhishini . Ngokuqhelekileyo kulandela intlanzi, echazwe ukunyaniseka okungaqhelekanga kunye neembumba ze-asethi . I-d epression kwizinga lalo ngo-1929 ayizange kwenzeke ngendlela eyafana ngayo ngaphambili. Iibhanki eziphambili emhlabeni wonke, kubandakanywa ne-US Federal Reserve , ziyazi ngakumbi ukubaluleka komgaqo- mali wokulawula uqoqosho. Fumana oko kwabangela ukuba uCalulo, lubi kangakanani, kwaye yintoni ekugqibeleni iphelile. Ngaphezulu, khangela Ixesha Elide Lokunciphisa Uluhlu . Isizathu salo naluphi na ukunyuka kwemali kukulahlekelwa kwishishini okanye ukuzithemba kwabathengi . Kukho iziganeko ezili-11 ezibangela ukuba le ntshukumo ye-panic. Ngaphandle kokuzithemba kwixesha elizayo, abathengi bayeke ukuthenga, kwaye amashishini aya kubasula abasebenzi, ukudala ukunyuka koqoqosho kwintlupheko, ukungaphumeleli kwamashishini, kunye nokuphazamiseka. Ekubeni ama- stocks ayingcambu yobunini kwinkampani, imarike yesitokisi isisiseko sokuzithemba kwixesha elizayo lale nkampani, ngoko ke ngokoqoqosho lwe-US ngokwalo. Ukulahla kweepesenti ezili-11 kwikota kubonisa ukulahleka okuqinisekileyo. Ukuba ukuzithemba akubuyiselwa, kwaye i-market market iyaqhubeka iwela ixesha elide, eliza kubonisa ukuqala kweemarike zebhere . Oku kungonakalisa uqoqosho ngokubanzi, ukuxhoxisa ngokubhekiselele kwimpumelelo.
Ngexesha loxinzelelo, kwakukho ukungaphumeleli kwamabhanki amaninzi. Oku kwenza abantu bathathe imali yabo ebhankini, eyaziwa ngokubaleka kwibhanki. Ngethamsanqa, akufuneki ufihle imali yakho phantsi kwe-mattress. I-Insurance Deposit Insurance Corporation iqinisekisa i-100 ekhulwini lokugcina imali, ukujonga kunye nemarike yemali. Ngoko ke, ngokungakhathaliseki ukuba ungaphakathi kwezikhokelo zabo, imali yakho iphephile kwibhankini. Ngaphezulu, ukuba kusebhankini, unokukwazi ukufumana inzala, kwaye ulahlekelwe ngaphantsi kwexabiso lentengo . Ukuba iUnited States yayiza kuhlahloka kwezoqoqosho kwizinga lokuCaluleka okukhulu, ubomi bakho buya kutshintsha ngokuphawulekayo. Nasi isizathu sokuba kungeke kwenzeke. Iimarike ze-Bear zivame ukuhambelana nemali. Ezi iipesenti ezingama-20 ezithintekayo kwiintengo zemarike zentengiso zingabonisa kwakhona ukunyuka kwemali, okanye kube yinto ebangela enye. Ukuhlaziywa Okukhulu kwe-2008 kwakukho ukugqithisa okukhulu kunako ukususela kwiNkcitho. Ngama-1980 ukuhlaliswa kwemali kwakunzima kakhulu, kubangelwa amazinga amanqanaba aphezulu afunekayo ekunciphiseni i- stagflation . Oku kubangelwe ukuzama ukuphelisa umnotho we-1973, okhokelela ekupheliseni komgangatho wegolide .