Ukunyuka kweendleko ngenye yezinto ezibangela ukunyuka kwamaxabiso . Olunye lufuna-ukukhupha umthamo , okubandakanya ukwandiswa kwemali .
Ayikho enye yeentlobo zokunyuka kwamaxabiso . Iintlobo ezine eziphambili zokunyuka kwamaxabiso zinyuka, zihamba, zihamba kunye ne-hyperinflation.
Ukunyuka kwexabiso lokunyuka kwamaxabiso kwenzeka xa ixabiso lingafihli . Imfuno i-inelastic xa kukho imfuno ephezulu yezinto ezintle okanye inkonzo nokuba ixabiso likhuphuka. Ngokomzekelo, ukufunwa kwe-inelastic kwenzeka ngepetroliyo. Abantu abakwazi ukuthenga i-gas encinci kangangoko kungakhathaliseki ukuba ixabiso liphezulu kangakanani. Kubi nakakhulu kulabo abangenazo iindlela ezintle, ezifana nokuhamba ngokubanzi. Kuthatha ixesha lokuba abantu bafumane ezinye iindlela ezifana nokujoyina i-carpool okanye ukuthenga isithuthi esisebenzayo. Kuze kube ngoko, bafuna umlinganiselo ofanayo wegesi.
Xa imfuno i- elastic , abantu abayi kuhlawula amanani aphezulu. Bazithenga kuphela izinto ezincinci okanye iinkonzo. Baya kutshintshela kumkhiqizo ohlukileyo okanye ungenzi ngaphandle kwayo. Umzekelo omhle wale meya yintsapho engatshatanga. Ngokucacileyo, abantu abanakuyenza ngaphandle kwezindlu.
Kodwa ukuba amaxabiso aphakama, anokunye okukhethwa kukho. Bangakwazi ukuqesha, bathenge i-townhomes okanye i-condos, okanye baphile nabahlobo okanye izalamane. Ixabiso eliphezulu lezindlu kunye nexabiso eliphezulu legesi zizinye zeendlela zokunyuka kwamaxabiso ezithintela ubomi bakho . Ngethamsanqa, i-Federal Reserve ininzi enokulawula ukunyuka kwamaxabiso .
Iingxaki ezinhlanu zexabiso lokunyuka kwamaxabiso
Ukunyuka kwexabiso lokunyuka kwexabiso kubangelwa phantsi kweemeko ezikhethekileyo ezintlanu.
Kuzo zonke iimeko, imfuno i-inelastic.
1. Ukuzimela
Iinkampani ezifezekisa ukuzithengela kwi-shishini zenza ixabiso lokunyuka kwamaxabiso. Ukuzimela kwanciphisa ukubonelela ukuhlangabezana nenjongo yalo yenzuzo.
Umzekelo omhle yi- OPEC , i-Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries. Yayifuna amandla olawulo phezu kwamanani eoli . Ngaphambi kwe-OPEC, amalungu ayo aphumelelana ngomrhumo. Abazange bafumane ixabiso elifanelekileyo kwizinto ezingenakuhlaziywa zendalo. Amalungu e-OPEC ngoku avelisa ama-42 ekhulwini weoli ngonyaka. Zilawula iipesenti ezingama-80 zeendawo zokulondoloza ioli . Amalungu e-OPEC adala ukunyuka kwexabiso lokunyuka kwamaxabiso ngelixa le- 1970 i-oil embargo . Xa i-OPEC iyanqanda ioli ngowe-1973, ixabiso eliphindwe kabini. Ngo-2014, abavelisi beoli ye-shale baphikisa umngeni we-OPEC. Ixabiso liyehla ngenxa yoko. Ngaphezulu, bona i- US Shale Oil Boom kunye neBust .
2. Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso emali
Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso emali kuyenzeka xa abasebenzi banelungelo lokunyanzelisa ukunyuka kwamaholo. Iinkampani ziza kudlula iindleko eziphezulu ngokuya kubathengi. Icandelo lezemoto laseMelika lazibonela xa iimanyano zabasebenzi zakwazi ukunyusa umvuzo ophezulu. Siyabulela e-China kunye nokuhla kwegunya lamanyano e-United States, akuzange kube ngumqhubi we-inflation kwiminyaka emininzi.
3. IiNtlekele zeNdalo .
Iintlekele zemvelo zibangela ukunyuka kwamaxabiso ngokuphazamisa ukubonelela. Umzekelo omhle ulungile emva kokuzamazama komhlaba kweJapan ngo-2011. Uphazamise ukunikezelwa kweengxenye zemoto. Kwakhona emva kweNkupho yeKatrina . Xa isiqhwithi satshatyalalisa izinto zokucoca ioli, ixabiso legesi liye landa.
Ukupheliswa kwemithombo yendalo yintlobo yentlekele yendalo. Isebenza ngendlela efanayo, ngokunciphisa ukubonelela nokubangela ukunyuka kwamaxabiso. Ngokomzekelo, amanani entlanzi aya kunyuka ngenxa yokudoba. Imithetho yakutsha yase-US izama ukukhusela ngokunciphisa ukuloba abalobi.
4. Ulawulo lweRhulumente kunye neRhafu
Umqhubi wesine ngumgaqo karhulumente kunye nerhafu. Le mithetho inokunciphisa imveliso yeminye imikhiqizo. Imirhumo ye-cigarettes kunye notywala kwakujoliswe ekunciphiseni imfuno yale mveliso engcolileyo. Oku kwenzeka ukuba kwenzeke, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba iphakanyise intengo, idale ukunyuka kwamaxabiso.
Uxhasano lukaRhulumente lwe-ethanol lwemveliso lukhokelela ekunyuseni kwamaxabiso okutya ngo-2008. I-Agribusiness yandisa ingqolowa yokuveliswa kwamandla, ikhupha ngaphandle kokutya. Amanani okutya aphakamileyo kangangokuthi kwakukho izibambiso zokutya emhlabeni wonke ngaloo nyaka.
5. IiRhafu zoTshintsho
Isizathu sesihlanu sishintsho kwizinga lokutshintshiselana . Nawuphi na ilizwe elivumela ukuba ixabiso lemali yalo liwele liza kuba namaxabiso aphezulu angeniso lokungenisa. Umthengisi wasemzini akafuni ukuba ixabiso lemveliso yalo lihle kunye nelo mali. Ukuba ixabiso lingafihli, liyakwazi ukuphakamisa intlawulo kwaye igcine ingeniso yayo ingene. (Umthombo: "Ixabiso lentengo yexabiso," I-Economist enoBulumko. "Ixabiso lokunyuka kwamaxabiso," Biz / Ed.)