I-Akhawunti ye-Akhawunti ye-Current Current - Ingozi okanye Indlela Yokuphila?

Ingaba i-Amatyala eMerika angaya kumazwe angaphandle asongela uqoqosho lwehlabathi?

Ukulahleka kwe-akhawunti ye- US okwangoku yi-462 billion yezigidigidi ngo-2017. Kubonisa ukuba baninzi abantu baseMerika, amashishini kunye noorhulumente ababoleka kwabanye abavela kwamanye amazwe ngaphandle kokuboleka.

Yona inkulu kwihlabathi. Inxalenye eyilandelayo enkulu yiUnited Kingdom, kwi $ 91.4 billion. Uqoqosho olubini olukhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. I- surplus ye-China i-$ 162.5 yezigidigidi kunye neYurophu yeNyunyana yi-$ 387.1 yezigidigidi.

Ukulahleka kwee- US $ 566 zeebhiliyoni kwaba yimbangela ebalulekileyo yokulahleka kwe-akhawunti . Ubutyebi buphucuka njengoko iUnited States ikhiqiza enye yeoli yayo, ngenxa yeoli ye-shale efumaneka e-Montana naseTexas.

Izizathu

Kutheni ihlabathi elicebileyo emhlabeni lifuna ukuboleka imali ukugcina uqoqosho lwayo? Kungenxa yokulahleka kwezorhwebo. AmaMerika achitha ngaphezulu kwiizwe ezingeniswa ngaphandle kwamashishini ase-US athengisa.

I-United States iyakwazi ukuboleka ngokwaneleyo ukuhlawula i-intsile yayo yorhwebo ngenxa yemfuno ye- US Treasury notes . Urhulumente wesigqeba uqinisekisa amanqaku e-US Treasury, ngoko abatyali-mali bathatha utyalo-mali olukhuselekileyo kwihlabathi.

Ezi zinto zilandelayo zi sixhenxe zenze igalelo lobukhulu bemali yase-United States ngokuqhuba abatyalomali kwi-Treasury.

1. Iimakethe zentengiso yehlabathi jikelele ngo-2000 kunye no-2008 wathumela abatyalo-mali abasabelayo kwiimpahla.
2. Ukubuyiselwa kwiinkxaso ezilandelayo, oorhulumente banciphisa ixabiso lokuboleka imali. Okudala imali engaphezulu kwemali efuna ukutshala imali ekhuselekileyo.

1. Ekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1990, iArgentina kunye namanye amazwe aseLatin America aphelelwe yimali mboleko.
2. Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1980, iimarike eziphumayo zaseMzantsi-Asia zaphahlazeka. Kuthatyathwa oku kufuna imali ukubuyela.
3. Ekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1980, iimakethe zaseJapane zezindlu zaphela. Oku kwaphuhlisa umnotho welizwe.
4. Ibhanki yaseJapan ikhuthaze uqoqosho ngokunyathelisa i yen. Iinkampani zaseJapan zanda, zithumela iimveliso kwiimarike zase-US. Batshintshisana needola ezifunyenwe ngemali yendawo. I-BOJ isebenzise la ma-dollar ukuthenga amanqaku e-Treasury, ibe yinye yabanikazi bayo abakhulu. Kwakhona kwandise amandla edoli kunye nokuxinezeleka kwexabiso leJapan.

1. I-China yenza into efanayo. Ngenxa yoko, i- China yinkampani enkulu kunazo zonke kwilizwe laseMelika .

Ingozi kwi-Global Economy

Iingcali ezininzi emhlabeni jikelele zicinga ukuba ukulahleka kwe- akhawunti yangoku ye- US yinto esongela kakhulu ukuphumelela kwehlabathi. ICongress yokuqala yaba nexhalaba xa ukulahleka kwaleta irekhodi eyi-803 yezigidigidi ngo-2006 . Kwakuyonyuka ngokuphawulekayo ukusuka kwi-$ 120 yezigidigidi ngo-1996. Inkxalabo yayixhalaba kuba akukho lizwe lalinakho ukulahleka kwebhajethi . Uninzi lweengcali zavuma ukuba alukwazi ukulondolozwa.

I- Ofisi ye-Budget ye-Congressional yabika ukuba phakathi kuka-1997 no-2005, ukulahleka kwe-akhawunti yaseMelika kwenyuka ukusuka kwi-1.7% ukuya kwi-6.1 yepesenti yomkhiqizo wekhaya . Ngamanye amazwi, iMelika iboleke i-6.1 pesenti yemveliso yayo yonke ngo-2005 ukuhlawula ukuthengiswa kwezinto.

Ininzi yayo yayibanjwe kwiibhondi ze-US Treasury . Phakathi kuka-2003 no-2006, amaziko angaphandle aphakama ama-50 ekhulwini, ukusuka kwi-$ 1.45 trillion ukuya kwi-2.13 trillion. Abafokazi babenemali engaphezu kwama-40 ekhulwini letyala likaRhulumente .

Kodwa inokumangalisa ukwazi ukuba ngubani ophethe i-matyala kazwelonke . Nangona iChina ngumnini ongeyena mkhulu kunabo bonke, ngumgaqo-mali weSizwe soKhuseleko lweNtlalo onayo ibango.

Ngo-2005, abatyala-mali basemzini babe ne-13.6 trillion e-US

ii-asethi, ezifana nezitoko kunye nepropathi yangempela. Kwangama-109 ekhulwini weGDP jikelele. Ukuba abatyali-mali bamanye amazwe babibiza ngemali mboleko yabo kwaye bathengise yonke impahla yabo, kuya kuthatha ngaphezu konyaka koqoqosho lwe-US ukuvelisa imali eyaneleyo yokuyithenga yonke into.

AmaMerika nawo anempahla yelizwe langaphandle, elithengiswayo. Kodwa kwakungekho okwaneleyo. Ngaphandle kokuthengisa zonke ii-asethi zamanye amazwe, iUnited States iza kuhlawulwa iipesenti ezingama-20 zemveliso yayo yonyaka.

Ubungakanani obukhulu bokulahleka bubuxhala malunga nokuba uqoqosho lwaseMelika lungakhokhela ukubuyela ngokufanelekileyo kubatyalomali. Akukho mntu uyazi ukuba le nto ingabikho, kuba akukho lizwe elinomnotho kulo mkhulu liye lalingela le nkulu. Ukuba abatyala-mali basemzini baxhatshazwa kwaye baqalisa ukuthengisa iimpahla ze-US nganoma yiyiphi intengo, kunokubangela ukuba ixabiso leli dola liwe.

Oku kuya kubangela ingxaki yezoqoqosho kwihlabathi.

Ngethuba lokunciphisa umnotho, ukulahleka kwe-akhawunti yangoku kwanyamalala njengoko urhwebo kunye nezimali zomile. Kodwa izinto ezenza ukuba ilahleko ihlale. Ezi ziquka ityala eliphezulu labathengi , ulwabiwo-mali lwe-federal federal kunye netyala , kunye namazinga okugcina imali eJapan naseChina . Ukuba ayilungiswanga, ezi zinto ziyakucima ukukhula koqoqosho lwe-US.

Indlela Yokunciphisa Ubungozi

Ngo-2007, i-CBO ibikelele iindlela ezimbini kwiKomiti yoHlahlo lwabiwo lweNdlu yabameli . Iyokuqala kukunyusa ukugcinwa komntu ngaphandle kweentlawulo zerhafu. Umlinganiselo ophezulu wokulondoloza ekhaya uza kunika imali eyimfuneko ngaphandle kokuboleka ngaphesheya kwezilwandle. Indlela efanelekileyo yokunyusa izinga lokulondoloza lomntu siqu liza kuhluthwa ngokukhawuleza kwimivuzo ye-401 (k) izicwangciso. Uphando lubonisa ukuba abantu bazimisele kakhulu ukugcina xa bengenayo inqumo. Ukuba kufuneka baphume kwiinkcitho zemivuzo, bathambekele ukwenza.

I-CBO nayo yabuza iCongress ukuba ihlaziye ngokugqibeleleyo izinto ezinokuthi zinyanzele iindleko zonyango. Leyo enye yezona zinto zikhulu zentlawulo karhulumente . Ukunciphisa oku kuya kunciphisa ubuninzi bebhajethi. Oku kufana nokwandisa izinga lokugcina imali kazwelonke.

I-CBO yaxwayisa ukuba iziphakamiso zayo zinganciphisa ukusetyenziswa komntu . Yiloo nto eqhuba malunga neepesenti ezingama-70 zokukhula kweGDP . Izinga eliphezulu lokulondoloza liza kukhokelela ekuhlaleni okuphantsi kwe-US. Uninzi lwezopolitiko aluyi kuthanda ukutshintshwa ngenxa yobungozi bokungabonakali.

Kodwa i-CBO yathi le nto ikhethwayo kwi- dollar ekhutshweyo kwaye inobungozi bokuwa kwedola ngokukhawuleza.

Kutheni abanye bengakhathazeki

Naphezu kwezi ngongoma ezingentla, iingcali ezininzi zithi ubungakanani obukhulu kunye nokubaluleka koqoqosho lwe-US luyakuthintela nayiphi na into eyingozi. Wonke amazwe abolekayo aya kusebenza ngokuzimisela ukugcina uqoqosho lwase-United States luqhubeka. Bayazi ukuba ukuba iinqanawa zase-United States ziyahla, zonke iinqanawa zazo ziya, nazo.

Bayaqonda ukuba, ngamanye amazwe, amanye amazwe ayayeka ukuboleka imali yaseUnited States ukuthenga iimpahla zabo. Kodwa balindele ukuba inkqubo izinze kwaye ibe nefuthe elibi.

Ukunyuka kwe-akhawunti ye-US okwangoku iyancipha kancane ukwenza ezinye iimali-mali zikhangele ngakumbi. Oku kwenzeka ngexesha elifanayo nezinye izinto ezintlanu zidlala.

1. Imarike ye-stock market ihamba ngokucacileyo.
2. Amazwe aseMatriki nakumazantsi ase-Asia asele avulekile ngakumbi kutyalo-mali.
3. Uqoqosho lwaseJapan lukhula ngokukhawuleza. Abanye bathi ukuzamazama komhlaba kweJapan kunokugqitywa ekukhuthazeni ukukhula koqoqosho .
4. Iibhanki ezininzi eziphambili azizange zinciphise ixabiso eliphantsi njengoko i-Federal Federal Reserve yabenza. Oko kwenza izibophelelo zelizwe lawo zikhangeleke ngakumbi.
5. Abaphathi be-US bafaka uxinzelelo kwi-China ukuphakamisa imali yayo ukuvumela iUnited States ukuba ikhuphisane. I-China ephakamileyo ivumela imali yayo ukuba iphakame, i-Treasury encinci ibonisa ukuba ifuna.

Kodwa i-CBO inegama lokugqibela. Yayilumkisa ukuba kwanokuba ukwehla ngokuthe gqithwa kwindleko yeli dola bekuya kubakho kwimilinganiselo yokuphila engaphantsi kwe-US. Kuya kuqhuba ixabiso lomyinge kwaye kudala ukunyuka kwamaxabiso ukusuka kumazwe angaphandle aphuma kwixabiso.

Indlela i-US Current Account Deficit Yenza ngayo iNgxenye yoLungiso lweeNtlawulo

Ukulinganiswa kweentlawulo

1. I-akhawunti yangoku
   • Ukulahleka kweAkhawunti yangoku
     • I-Akhawunti ye-Current Current Deficit
   • Ukulingana koRhwebo
     • Ukungenisa kunye nokuthumela
       • Ukuthunyelwa kweeSouth and Exports Summary
         • Imveliso ye-US
           • Ukuthengiswa kwe-US ngoMinyaka kumazwe aphezulu ama-5
         • Amazwe aseMelika
     • Ulwabiwo-mali
       • I-US Trade Deficit
         • Ulwaphulo loRhwebo lwe-US ngelizwe
         • I-US Trade Deficit neChina
2. I-akhawunti yeGosa
3. Akhawunti yeMali