I-Dollar iyancipha okanye i-Dollar ilahle

I-Dollar iyanqanda, ayinakwenzeka, ngoxa ukubola kungenakucingwa

I dollar yaseMelika iyancipha xa ixabiso leli dola liphantsi xa lifaniswa nezinye iirhafu kwiimarike zerhwebo lwangaphandle . Kuthetha ukuba idilesi yodola iyawa. Kwakhona kuthetha ukuba i- euro ukuguqulwa kweedola iphezulu kuba i-euro iyanamandla kwaye iyakuthengisa iirandi ngaphezulu xa imali yase-United States iyancipha. Kwakhona kungasongela i- yen ukuqhuba urhwebo kuba idola eyomeleleyo idla ngokubhekisela kwi-yen enamandla.

I-dollar eyancitshiswayo ithetha ukuwa kwixabiso le- US Treasury .

Oku kuqhuba uvuno lweNondyebo , ngoko ke, inzala. Iimali zentengo ye-Nondyebo ngumqhubi omkhulu wezinga lokuthenga imali .

Kungathetha ukuba iibhanki eziphambili zangaphandle kunye neengxowa-mali zobutyebi abaziphetheyo zibambe iidola ezimbalwa. Oku kunciphisa ixabiso leedola.

I ziphumo

I dollar ebuthakathaka ithengwa ngaphantsi kweempahla zangaphandle. Oku kwandisa intengo yokungeniswa kwezinto ezizweni , ukufaka isandla kwixabiso lentengo . Njengoko idola liyancipha, abatyali-mali abanomlinganiselo we- 10 weNondyebo kunye nezinye iibhonksi bathengisa ama-dollar. I-oyile kunye nezinye iikontraka zangaphandle zibizwa ngeedola. I-dollar ebuthakathaka iya kuqhuba amaxabiso abo kuba amazwe aphesheya afuna ukugcina iinjongo zawo. Ixabiso le dollar ngenye yezinto ezintathu ezibeka amaxabiso eoli .

Kwinqanaba elongezelelweyo, idola elibuthathaka lisiza i- US ukuthumela ngaphandle . Impahla yabo iya kubonakala ingabizi kubahambi. Oku kukhulisa ukukhula koqoqosho ku -United States, okubangela ukuba abatyali-zimali basemzini bangene kwiimpahla ze- US.

Kodwa, ukuba abatyali-mali abaneleyo bashiye idoli ngezinye iirhafu, kunokubangela ukuba idoli iwele .

Izizathu

NgoJulayi 1, 2014, uMthetho wokuThengiswa kweRhafu ye-Akhawunti yangaphandle ufune amabhanki angaphandle nakwamanye amaziko emali ukuba adalule ulwazi malunga neengeniso kunye nezinto ezigcinwe ngabathengi base-US. Injongo yalo kukugxotha abahlawuli berhafu abaye batyebi be-US abafihle imali ngenjongo yokuloba.

Ifuna kwakhona ukumisa iibhanki zamanye amazwe ngokusebenzisa ukukhutshwa kwentela njengendlela yokufumana inzuzo yoshishino. Uninzi lwabhanki lwangaphandle lwangxowankulu luya kulahla abathengi baseU.S., ukuphepha ukuthotyelwa, ngaloo ndlela bawagxotha kwiimpahla zeedola.

Ngo-Oktobha 16, 2013, iChina yavumela abaotyali baseBrithani ukuba bathululele i-13.1 yezigidigidi kwiimarike zentengo. Oku kwenza eLondon i-hub yokuqala yezorhwebo ye Yuan ngaphandle kwe-Asia. Le ndlela enye i-China izama ukukhuthaza amabhanki angundoqo ukunyusa ama-yuan aseTshayina. Yona ingongoma enkulu kunokuba ixabiso le dollar. I-China ingathanda ukuba i- yuan ithathe indawo yodola njengelizwe lokugcina imali .

Ukususela ngoko, iChina iye yahlaziya i-yuan ngokumelene nedola. Yenza njalo ngenxa yokuba uqoqosho lwesithathu olukhulu lwehlabathi luxhalaba ukukhula koqoqosho lwayo kuphuza. Kodwa inkathazo yiChina iya kuqinisa, ingabi buthathaka, idola ngoba ibhanki ephakathi yaseTshayina ithengisa iidola ukuze ihlale isomelele kwaye i-yuan ibuthakathaka. Ngenxa yoko, i- China inefuthe elikhulu kwi-dollar yase-US .

Isivuno kwiNqaku leNondyebo le-10 leminyaka liye lashaya amanqaku alo aphantsi kunazo zonke kwiminyaka engama-200 ngoJuni 7, 2012. Yibonisa amandla edoli njengoko kulinganiswa ngu-Treasury. Imali yaseChina, i-yuan, iphakama ibe ngu-6.4167 ngokumelene nedola, eli-17 eliphakamileyo, ngo-Agasti 10, 2011.

Lubonisa ubuthathaka obuthile beli dola ngenxa yeengxaki ze-plailing crisis .

Imvelaphi

I dollar yenqabe ama-40 ekhulwini phakathi kuka-2002 no-2008. Oku bekuyingxenye ngenxa ye-$ 700 yezigidigidi ze-akhawunti ze-akhawunti ze-US zangoku ngelo xesha. I-half half of current account deficit ihlawulwe kumazwe angaphandle kunye neengxowa zemali .

I dollar yomelezwa ngexesha loqoqosho , njengoko abatyali-mali bafuna indawo ephephile xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iirhafu. Ngomhla ka-2009, idola libuye liye lahla ukubulela ekubuyiselweni kwetyala le-US $ 20 trillion. Iintlanga zeCreditor, njengeChina neJapan , zixhalabisa urhulumente wase-US akayi kuxhasa ixabiso leedola . Ngoba kutheni? I-dollar ebuthakathaka ithetha ukuba ilahleko ayiyi kuhlawulisa urhulumente kuninzi ukuyibuyisela. Ababolekisi batshintshe impahla yabo kwezinye iirharensi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukuze balahle ilahleko zabo.

Abaninzi banoyika ukuba oku kuya kuba yi-dollar. Oku kuya kutshabalalisa ixabiso lentlawulo yakho yase-US ngokukhawuleza kwaye iqhube ukunyuka kwamaxabiso.

Amanyathelo asixhenxe aya Kukukhusela kwiDola eyanciphayo

Kukho amanyathelo asixhenxe ongayithatha ukuze uzikhusele kwimali yokunyuka kwamaxabiso kunye ne-dollar yehla. Okokuqala, ukwandisa amathuba akho okufumana ngemfundo noqeqesho. Ukuba ufumana umvuzo ngamnye kunyaka, ungazikhupha idoli.

Okwesibini, tyala inxalenye yepotfolio yakho kwimarike yemasheya. Nangona kusemngciphekweni, ukubuyiswa okutshintshiselwe ingozi kudla ukuphuma kwemali. Okwesithathu, kuthengwa i- Treasury Protected Securities ne- Series I Iimali ezivela kwi-Treasury yase-US. Lezo ziindlela ezilungileyo zokuzikhusela kwimali yokunyuka kwamaxabiso .

Okwesine, i-euro yokuthenga, i-yen okanye enye i-currencies eya kunyuka kwixabiso ukuba idoli ilahlekelwe ngamandla ayo . Unokuzithenga ngokuthe ngqo kwi-bhanki okanye uthenge i-fund-exchangeed fund eqhuba ixabiso labo.

Ukuba idola iwa ngokukhawuleza, ikhupha i-hyperinflation, ngoko uya kuzuza kwi-nyathelo lesihlanu. Oku kubandakanya ukuthenga igolide , izitye ezixabisekileyo kunye nezabelo kwiinkampani zezimayini zegolide. Ezinye iingcali zincoma iifotshane ezithengisayo zeenkampani eziza kuphazamiseka ngedola eliwela. Kodwa loo nto ayilona ngcamango ecacileyo kuba awuyazi ukuba ziphi iinkampani eziza kubangela ubuhlungu kakhulu. Ukongezelela, awazi ukuba idoli liza kukhawuleza kangakanani. Ukuba ukwenzile, uya kuba ngcono ekuthengeni izivumelwano zexesha elizayo lwemali. Ungasebenzisa umgangatho wokuzihlawulela ngokwakho ulwazi.

Ukuba idola liwela ngokukhawuleza, ukutshabalalisa kwizoqoqosho zehlabathi kunzima ukucinga. Akukho mntu uyazi oko kuza kwenzeka, ngoko kufuneka ulungele ukuhamba ngesaziso somzuzu. Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga naloo nto, thabatha le nyathelo lesithandathu. Gcina iafa yakho i- liquid , ngoko unokuthenga nokuthengisa njengoko kuyimfuneko. Oko kuthetha okuncinci kwintengiso, iindleko ezinkulu zegolide, okanye ezinye izinto ezinzima ukuthengisa. Qiniseka ukuba unezakhono ezifunekayo kuyo yonke indawo, njengokupheka, ukulima okanye ukulungisa. Fumana ipaspoti, xa ufuna ukufudukela kwelinye ilizwe.

Isinyathelo sesisixhenxe kukuqinisekisa ukuba unepfoliyoli ehlukeneyo . Ukuhlukana kwemali yakho yokwabiwa kwempahla xa kubonakala ngathi umjikelezo wezoshishino uya kutshintsha. Unokuxelela ukuba ngokulandela izikhombisi- ndlela eziphambili zezoqoqosho .

Kutheni i- Dollar ikwazi ukubola

I- euro inokutshintsha i-dollar njengemali yamazwe ngamazwe. Phakathi kwe- Q1 2008 kunye ne-Q2 2013 (ingxelo yamuva nje), ixabiso le-euro eligcinwe kumaziko angamazwe angaphandle aphindwe kabini, ukusuka kwi-393 billion ukuya kwi-1.45 trillion. Ngelo xesha, i-dollar holdings inyuke kuma-36%, ukusuka kwi-2.77 trillion kwi $ 3.76 trillion. Iibhola zeDola ziyi-63% yeedola ezigidi eziyi-6 zamaRandi ezilinganiselwayo, ukusuka kuma-67% kwi- Q3 2008 .

Ukuhla kwehla kuthetha ukuba oorhulumente bamazwe angaphandle bahamba ngokukhawuleza imali yabo yokugcina imali kwiidola. (Umthombo: i- IMF , i-COFER Table)

I-China ngumtyalomali omkhulu kwiidola. Ukususela ngoDisemba 2012, i-$ 1.2 trillion yayibanjwe kwi-US Treasury Securities. Ixesha elibonisa ukuba liya kunciphisa ukubamba kwayo ukuba i-US ayinciphisi ityala layo. Nasi umzekelo - I- China ingamnciphisa amatyala e-US . Endaweni yoko, ukugcinwa kwayo kuyaqhubeka kwanda. Ukuze uhlaziywe, jonga Yintoni uMatyala ase-US eChina?

IJapan ngowomlingani wesibini omkhulu, kunye ne $ 1.2 trillion kwiibamba. Ithenga i-Treasury ukuze igcine inani le- yen elingaphantsi, ngoko liyakuthengisa ngokuthengisa. Nangona kunjalo, amatyala alo ngoku angaphezu kwe-200% yeGDP yayo.

Amazwe angaphandle-aphuma kumafutha (kunye namaziko asebhanki eCaribbean ahlala ehamba phambili) agcina i-$ 512 billion. Ukuba bathetha ukuthengisa i-oyile nge-euro endaweni yeedola, babeza kuncinci isidingo sokubamba iidola ukuze kugcinwe ixabiso layo liphezulu.

Ngokomzekelo, i- Iran neVenezuela ziye zacetyiswa iimarike zokurhweba ioli e-euro ngaphandle kweedola.

Kutheni iDola engeyi Kuphela

Abaninzi bathi idola ayiyi kuwela ngenxa yokuba

1. Ixhaswa nguRhulumente wase-US, okwenza kube yimali ekhuselekileyo yeehredithi yelizwe .
2. Kuphakathi kwendawo yokutshintshiselana, ngokubonga kwimarike yethu yemali (eninzi).

1. Iikontraka ezinkulu zeoli zihlala zithengwa ngeedola.

Abaninzi kwiCongress bafuna idola ukuba iyancipha ngenxa yokuba ikholelwa iya kunceda uqoqosho lwe-US. I dollar ebuthakathaka iyanciphisa intengo ye-US ngokuthengiswa kwezinto ezivela ngaphandle , okwenza iimveliso zethu zikhuphisane. Enyanisweni, ukwehla kwidola kuye kwanceda ukuphucula i- US Trade Deficit ngo-2012.

Isiphumo

Nangona idola liye lancipha ngokugqithisileyo kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo, ayizange idale ukuwa. Akuyona into ebaluleke kakhulu kumazwe amaninzi ukuba avume ukuba oku kwenzeke oko kuba kuya kunciphisa inani leedola zabo.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuba isiphumo, lungiswa. Uninzi lweengcali zivuma ukuba i-hade yezinga eliphezulu kakhulu elijongene nobungozi inomthwalo wezolimo .

Buza umcwangcisi wakho wezemali malunga nokufaka imali kwi-overseas. Ezi ziqulethwe kwiimali zelizwe langaphandle xa idoli iwa. Gxininisa kwizoqoqosho kunye neemakethe zasekhaya ezinamandla. Kwakhona, zibuze ngemali yempahla , njengegolide, isilivere kunye neoli , eyanda xa idola liyancipha. I-Article ihlaziywe ngoDisemba 3, 2013