Umlando weNkqubela yezoqoqosho eMelika kunye neMpawu zoMkiso

Zikhusele kwi-Elandelayo

Inkathazo yezoqoqosho ze-US yinto enzima kwaye iphazamiseka ngokukhawuleza kwicandelo elinye loqoqosho. Ingaba yintengiso ye-stock market, i-spike kwi-inflation okanye ukungasebenzi, okanye ukuhluleka kwebhanki. Zineempembelelo ezihlala ixesha elide. Asoloko ekhokelela ekutyekeni kwemali .

I-United States ibonakala inenkathazo yoqoqosho yonke iminyaka eyi-10 okanye njalo. Kunzima ukuqeda ngenxa yokuba izizathu zabo zihlala zihluke. Iziphumo zihlala zifana.

Ziquka ukungabikho kwemisebenzi ephezulu, ukuwa kwebhanki ecaleni, kunye nokuqhekeka koqoqosho . Ezi zizo zonke iimpawu zokungena kwemali. Kodwa ubunzima bezoqoqosho abukho ukukhokelela ekutyekeni kwemali xa kuthethwa ngethuba.

Iingxaki zezoqoqosho

Ezi ntlupheko zezoqoqosho ezithandathu zikunceda ukuba uqaphele iimpawu ezilumkiso zesilandelayo. Uza kubona xa isenzo sikarhulumente sivimbela ukugqitywa kwezoqoqosho , kwaye xa yenza izinto zibe zibi nakakhulu.

UCrisis Financial Financial 2008 . Isilumkiso sokuqala safika ngo-2006 xa amaxabiso ezindlu aqala ukuwa kwaye ukungahlawulwanga kwemali kwaqala ukunyuka. I-Federal Reserve kwaye abaninzi abahlalutyi bayayihoxisa. Bayamkela ukunyuka kweevenkile kwiimakethe zendlu. Ngo-2007, i- subprime mortgage crisis hit. Ababolekisi baye bavumela abaninzi abantu ukuba bathathe imali ephantsi kwemali. Xa behlehlisiwe, iibhanki zibiza kwi- swaps yazo engafanelekanga . Oko kwagxotha iinkampani zomshuwalense ezinjengo- AIG ukuba zenze i-bankruptcy. Ephakathi kwehlobo, iibhanki zayeka ukuboleka.

Ngo-2008, iFed yangenela ukugcina i- Bear Stearns kunye ne-AIG. I-Treasury yase-United States eyenziwa ngabanini-mboleko bemali yokuboleka imali, uFannie Mae kunye noFreddie Mac ukugcina imakethi yezindlu. Kodwa abazange bakwazi ukunceda ibhanki yotyalo-mali yeLehman Brothers. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwalo kubangele i-panic yebhanki yehlabathi. I-Dow yawa ngamanqaku angama-770, ukuhla kwakhe kwelanga elibi kunazo zonke.

Iinkampani ezinoyikisayo zishiye irekhodi i-$ 140 yezigidigidi kwiimali zeemarike zemali . Kwiiveki ezimbalwa, iinkampani asinayo imali yokusebenza. I-Congress ivume iphakheji ye-$ 700 yezigidigidi zokubuyisela ukuzithemba, nokukhusela ukuwa kwezoqoqosho. Jonga iNgxaki yeMali Ukuthelekiswa nokuxineka kunye nezinye iimeko.

9/11 Ukuhlaselwa . Ukuhlaselwa kweWall Street kwayeka ukuhamba kwendlela. I-NYSE ayizange ivule ngo-9/11. Yahlala ivalwe de 9/17. Ngaloo mini, i-Dow yawa amanqaku angama-617.70. Kwakungekho sikhokelo kuluntu jikelele. Inkathazo yabuyisela iUnited States kwimpumelelo ye-2001 , yandisa kuze kube ngo-2003. Ezinye zazingekho ngenxa yokuhlaselwa ngokwazo. Kwakungenxa yokungaqiniseki malunga nokuba i-United States iya kulwa. Imfazwe ephumela kwiSibetho yongezelela i-$ 1.3 trillion kwisikwere sikazwelonke.

1989 Ingxaki yokuLondoloza kunye neNgxowa-mboleko . UCharles Keating kunye namanye amabhanki angabonakaliyo adala le ngxaki. Bakhulisa i- capital ngokusebenzisa iifomiti ze-Federally eziqinisekisiwe zokutshala imali engozini. AmaSenethi amahlanu ayamkela igalelo lomkhankaso ekubuyiseleni ukuhlawula umlawuli webhanki ukuze akwazi ukuphanda izenzo zobugebengu. Kwakungekho sikhokelo kuluntu jikelele kuba iibhanki zazixoki malunga nezoshishino zabo.

Ulwaphulo lwe-S & L lubangele ukuvalwa kwebhanki e-1 000, ukunyuka kwemali eTexas, kunye nokuxhaswa kwemali eyongeze i-$ 126 billion kwi-ityala likazwelonke. Jonga i- 10 i-Booms kunye neeBhasi ukususela ngo-1980 .

1981 Ukubuya. Izinga eliphezulu lomdla wokunciphisa ukunyuka kwamaxabiso lenza umonakalo ogqithiseleyo ukususela kwiNkxwaleko enkulu. UMongameli uRonald Reagan unqumle irhafu kunye nokunyuka kwemali ukuyivala. Ukuphindaphinda kabini ityala likazwelonke ngexesha lesibhozo iminyaka e-ofisi.

1970s Stagflation . I- OP3 ye-ophoni ye-OPEC yango-1973 yabonisa ukuqala kwesi sihlandlo. Ukuphendula kukaRhulumente kwiphenduka kwimeko engqongqo ye-inflation-digit and inflation. Amaxabiso esibhakabhakeni-aphuma emva kokuba uMongameli uNixon akhulule idola kwizinga legolide . Uqhwaba umvuzo kunye namaxabiso. Oko kwenza amashishini anqamle abasebenzi abangakwazi ukuhlawula umvuzo okanye ukwanda kwamanani. USihlalo we-Federal Reserve uPaul Volcker wasebenzisa umgaqo-nkqubo wokubambisa imali ukuphelisa intlekele.

Wakhuphula isantya somyinge wokukhusela ukunyuka kwamaxabiso. Isibonakaliso sesilumkiso sasisigxina esivela ku- OPEC naseNixon ngenxa yezenzo zabo eziphazamisayo.

Ukudakumba okukhulu kowe-1929 . Isilumkiso sokuqala sasibhobho kwimarike yemasheya. Abanini-mali abanokuqonda babenokuqalisa ukufumana inzuzo ehlobo le-1929. Ngo-Oktobha, ukukhwabanisa kwemarike ye-stock market ngowe - 1929 kwanyusa i-Depression. I-Fed yasebenzisa umgaqo-mali we-contractionary ukukhusela ixabiso le dollar , ngoko isekelwe kumgangatho wegolide. Kunoko, loo nto yenze i-deflation defensive. Njengoko amaxabiso ayehlile, abaninzi abakhiqizi baphuma kwishishini. I-Dust Bowl inegalelo kwindlala nokungenamakhaya, ekuncediseni ukuqhuba isantya sokungabikho kwemisebenzi kuma-25 ekhulwini, kunye neendleko zezindlu phantsi kweepesenti ezingama-31. Umjikelo wagqiba ukugqitywa kwemali yekarhulumente kwiinkqubo zentlalo kunye neMfazwe yesiHlabathi II, ukuqhuba umlinganiselo we- debt-to-GDP kumarekhodi angama-126. Uyabona Ngaba Ukunyamezeka Okukhulu Kuya kuphinda Kwakhona?

Ngaba i-United States kwi-Brink yezinye iNgxaki?

Imbali yezoqoqosho zanamhlanje ye-US iqikelela ukuba ingxaki elandelayo iza kwenzeka ngo-2018 ukuya ku-2020. Oku akukuxeleli ukuba kuza kuvela phi, yintoni esiza kuba nayo, nendlela yokuzivikela ngayo. Yintoni eyayikukhusela kwiinkxwaleko zangaphambili ingaba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu ukuyenza kwilandelayo. Umele ulinde iimpawu zokulumkisa. Uyabona Ngaba i-Stock Market Crash ezayo iya kubangela Ukubuyisela?

Uphawu lokuqala luyibhola ye- asethi . Ngo-2008, kwakuyixabiso lezindlu. Ngonyaka ka-2001, kwakuyixabiso eliphezulu lemarike yemasheya. Ngomnyaka we-1929, bekuyimakethe yemasheya. Ngokuqhelekileyo ihamba kunye nomvakalelo wokuthi "wonke umntu" uzuza isityebi ngaphezu kwamaphupha abo angasendle ngokutshala imali kule nkalo yeefset.

Isilumkiso esilandelayo kukuba "zizityebi ngokukhawuleza" kwiintengiso kuyo yonke indawo. Uvakalelwa kukuba ushiywe ngaphandle. Kwaye, oku kuyinyani kwithuba elithile elikhokelela ekuphahleni. Nguwo uhlobo lombhobho we-asethi.

Uphawu lwesithathu yiingcali kunye neencwadi ezifuna ukuchuma ngaphezu kwengcinga. Bonke baqikelela ukuba "eli xesha lihlukile." Kubizwa ngokuba yi- excuberance engekho . Inokuhlala iinyanga, okanye unyaka okanye amabini. Kodwa ayiyi kuhlala ngonaphakade.

Indlela Yokuzikhusela

Lungisa ngoku ngokukhawuleza uthatha amanyathelo amahlanu alandelayo.

1. Ukuhlawula lonke ityala lekhadi lesikweletu .
2. Gcina iindleko zokuhlala kwiinyanga ezintathu ukuya ezintandathu. Oku kuya kukunyanzela ukuba ulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi wakho.
3. Fumana umcwangcisi wezemali oya kuyithemba ngentloko kwindlu yakho.
4. Sebenzisana nomcebisi wakho ukudala isicwangciso sezemali esenziwe ngokwezifiso ezihlangabezana neemfuno zakho. Oku kuya kugunyazisa isabelo sakho se- sset . Qinisekisa ukuba uneepotifoliyo eyahlukeneyo.
5. Ukungalingani ukwabiwa kanye okanye kabini ngonyaka. Oko kuthetha ukuhlalutya rhoqo kwiingeniso ukusuka kutyalo-mali oluye lwaba luninzi, kwaye lubafaka kwiklasi ye-asethi ebuthathaka. Okokuqinisekisa ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba "uthengela phantsi kwaye uthengisa phezulu." Kwakhona kukukhusela ekulahlekelweni kakhulu xa ixinzelelo lehla.